Virgil: AENEID

Tu quoque litoribus nostris, Aeneia nutrix,
aeternam moriens famam, Caieta, dedisti;
et nunc servat honos sedem tuus, ossaque nomen
Hesperia in magna, si qua est ea gloria, signat.

You too, upon our shores, nurse of Aeneas,
dying, Caieta, you bestowed eternal fame;
and now your honor preserves your resting-place, and your bones the name
mark in great Hesperia, if that is any glory.

At pius exsequiis Aeneas rite solutis,               5
aggere composito tumuli, postquam alta quierunt
aequora, tendit iter velis portumque relinquit.
aspirant aurae in noctem nec candida cursus
luna negat, splendet tremulo sub lumine pontus.
proxima Circaeae raduntur litora terrae,               10
dives inaccessos ubi Solis filia lucos
adsiduo resonat cantu, tectisque superbis
urit odoratam nocturna in lumina cedrum
arguto tenuis percurrens pectine telas.
hinc exaudiri gemitus iraeque leonum               15

But pious Aeneas, the funeral rites duly discharged,               5
with the mound of the tomb composed, after the deep waters
grew calm, stretches his course with sails and leaves the harbor.
The breezes breathe favorably into the night, nor does the bright
moon deny the voyage; the sea shines beneath the tremulous light.
They skim the shores of the Circaean land close by,               10
where the Daughter of the Sun, rich, makes the inaccessible
groves resound with incessant song, and in her proud roofs
she burns fragrant cedar for nocturnal lamps, while, slender,
she runs the webs with a shrilling comb.
From here are heard the groans and wraths of lions               15

vincla recusantum et sera sub nocte rudentum,
saetigerique sues atque in praesepibus ursi
saevire ac formae magnorum ululare luporum,
quos hominum ex facie dea saeva potentibus herbis
induerat Circe in vultus ac terga ferarum. 20
quae ne monstra pii paterentur talia Troes
delati in portus neu litora dira subirent,
Neptunus ventis implevit vela secundis,
atque fugam dedit et praeter vada fervida vexit.

the bonds of those refusing and their roaring beneath late night,
and bristle-bearing swine and bears in the stalls
to rage, and the forms of great wolves to howl,
whom from the face of men the savage goddess Circe, with potent herbs,
had clothed into the faces and backs of wild beasts. 20
lest the pious Trojans, borne down into the harbors, should endure such monsters
and should not approach the dire shores,
Neptune filled the sails with favorable winds,
and gave flight and carried them past the seething shallows.

Iamque rubescebat radiis mare et aethere ab alto 25
Aurora in roseis fulgebat lutea bigis,
cum venti posuere omnisque repente resedit
flatus, et in lento luctantur marmore tonsae.
atque hic Aeneas ingentem ex aequore lucum
prospicit. hunc inter fluvio Tiberinus amoeno 30
verticibus rapidis et multa flavus harena
in mare prorumpit.

And now the sea was reddening with rays, and from the high aether 25
Aurora, saffron-hued, was shining in her rosy two-horse chariot,
when the winds subsided and all breath suddenly settled,
and the oared ships struggle on the sluggish marble [sea].
and here Aeneas from the level expanse espies a vast grove.
Amidst this, the Tiberinus, with a pleasant river, tawny with much sand 30
and with rapid eddies, bursts forth into the sea.

variae circumque supraque
adsuetae ripis volucres et fluminis alveo
aethera mulcebant cantu lucoque volabant.
flectere iter sociis terraeque advertere proras 35

varied birds around and above, accustomed to the banks and to the river’s channel,
were soothing the aether with song and were flying in the grove.
to bend the course for his companions and to turn the prows toward the land 35

imperat et laetus fluvio succedit opaco.

he commands and, glad, he proceeds into the shadowy river.

Nunc age, qui reges, Erato, quae tempora, rerum
quis Latio antiquo fuerit status, advena classem
cum primum Ausoniis exercitus appulit oris,
expediam, et primae revocabo exordia pugnae. 40
tu vatem, tu, diva, mone. dicam horrida bella,
dicam acies actosque animis in funera reges,
Tyrrhenamque manum totamque sub arma coactam
Hesperiam. maior rerum mihi nascitur ordo,
maius opus moveo. 45

Come now, Erato, what kings, what times, of affairs,
what the status was in ancient Latium, when first the newcomer army
beached its fleet upon the Ausonian shores,
I will expound, and I will recall the exordia of the first battle. 40
You, you, goddess, admonish the poet. I shall speak of horrid wars,
I shall speak of battle-lines and of kings driven in spirit to their funerals,
and the Tyrrhenian band and all Hesperia forced under arms.
A greater order of things is being born for me;
I set a greater opus in motion. 45

Rex arva Latinus et urbes
iam senior longa placidas in pace regebat.
hunc Fauno et nympha genitum Laurente Marica
accipimus; Fauno Picus pater, isque parentem
te, Saturne, refert, tu sanguinis ultimus auctor.
filius huic fato divum prolesque virilis 50
nulla fuit, primaque oriens erepta iuventa est.

King Latinus was ruling the fields and cities
now an elder, in long placid peace.
we receive that this man was begotten from Faunus and the Laurentian nymph Marica;
for Faunus, Picus was father, and he recounts you, Saturn, as parent—
you, the ultimate author of the bloodline.
to him, by the fate of the gods, no son, no male progeny 50
existed, and the first budding youth was snatched away as it arose.

sola domum et tantas servabat filia sedes
iam matura viro, iam plenis nubilis annis.
multi illam magno e Latio totaque petebant
Ausonia; petit ante alios pulcherrimus omnis 55
Turnus, avis atavisque potens, quem regia coniunx
adiungi generum miro properabat amore;
sed variis portenta deum terroribus obstant.
laurus erat tecti medio in penetralibus altis
sacra comam multosque metu servata per annos, 60

alone the daughter was keeping the house and such great seats
now mature for a husband, now marriageable in full years.
many from great Latium and all Ausonia were seeking
her; before others the most beautiful of all 55
Turnus, powerful in grandsires and forefathers, whom the royal consort
was hastening with wondrous love to be joined as a son-in-law;
but the portents of the gods stand in the way with various terrors.
there was a laurel in the middle of the roof in the high inner chambers,
sacred in its foliage and preserved through many years in awe, 60

quam pater inventam, primas cum conderet arces,
ipse ferebatur Phoebo sacrasse Latinus,
Laurentisque ab ea nomen posuisse colonis.
huius apes summum densae (mirabile dictu)
stridore ingenti liquidum trans aethera vectae               65
obsedere apicem, et pedibus per mutua nexis
examen subitum ramo frondente pependit.
continuo vates 'externum cernimus' inquit
'adventare virum et partis petere agmen easdem
partibus ex isdem et summa dominarier arce.'               70
praeterea, castis adolet dum altaria taedis,
et iuxta genitorem astat Lavinia virgo,
visa (nefas) longis comprendere crinibus ignem
atque omnem ornatum flamma crepitante cremari,
regalisque accensa comas, accensa coronam               75

which, found by his father when he was founding the first citadels,
Latinus himself was said to have consecrated to Phoebus,
and from it to have set the name for the Laurentine colonists.
Of this, bees in dense array (wonderful to tell)
borne with vast stridor across the limpid aether               65
settled on the top, and, with feet fastened each to each,
a sudden swarm hung from a leafy branch.
Straightway the seer says, 'We discern an external man
approaching, and a battle-line seeking these same quarters,
from these same quarters, and to dominate the topmost citadel.'               70
moreover, while he incense-offers the altars with chaste torches,
and the maiden Lavinia stands beside her begetter,
she seemed (a sacrilege) with her long hair to catch fire,
and all her adornment to be consumed by crackling flame,
and her royal locks enkindled, her crown enkindled               75

insignem gemmis; tum fumida lumine fuluo
involvi ac totis Volcanum spargere tectis.
id vero horrendum ac visu mirabile ferri:
namque fore inlustrem fama fatisque canebant
ipsam, sed populo magnum portendere bellum. 80

distinguished with gems; then wrapped in smoky tawny light
and to scatter Vulcan through all the roofs.
this indeed, dreadful and wondrous to behold, to be borne abroad:
for they were chanting that she herself would be illustrious in fame and by the Fates,
but that it portended great war for the people. 80

At rex sollicitus monstris oracula Fauni,
fatidici genitoris, adit lucosque sub alta
consulit Albunea, nemorum quae maxima sacro
fonte sonat saevamque exhalat opaca mephitim.
hinc Italae gentes omnisque Oenotria tellus               85
in dubiis responsa petunt; huc dona sacerdos
cum tulit et caesarum ovium sub nocte silenti
pellibus incubuit stratis somnosque petivit,
multa modis simulacra videt volitantia miris
et varias audit voces fruiturque deorum               90
conloquio atque imis Acheronta adfatur Avernis.
hic et tum pater ipse petens responsa Latinus
centum lanigeras mactabat rite bidentis,
atque harum effultus tergo stratisque iacebat
velleribus: subita ex alto vox reddita luco est:               95

But the king, anxious at the portents, approaches the oracles of Faunus,
his fatidic sire, and consults Albunea beneath the lofty
groves, she who, greatest of the woods, resounds with a sacred
spring and whose gloom exhales a savage mephitic reek.
From here Italian peoples and all the Oenotrian land               85
seek responses in their doubts; hither, when the priest has brought gifts
and under the silent night has lain on the spread skins
of shorn sheep and sought sleep, he sees many images
flying in wondrous ways and hears diverse voices and enjoys
converse with the gods, and addresses Acheron in the deepest Averni.               90
Here too then Father Latinus himself, seeking responses,
was immolating in due rite a hundred wool-bearing two-year-old sheep,
and, propped on the backs of these and lying on the spread
fleeces, suddenly a voice was given back from the deep grove:               95

'ne pete conubiis natam sociare Latinis,
o mea progenies, thalamis neu crede paratis;
externi venient generi, qui sanguine nostrum
nomen in astra ferant, quorumque a stirpe nepotes
omnia sub pedibus, qua sol utrumque recurrens 100
aspicit Oceanum, vertique regique videbunt.'
haec responsa patris Fauni monitusque silenti
nocte datos non ipse suo premit ore Latinus,
sed circum late volitans iam Fama per urbes
Ausonias tulerat, cum Laomedontia pubes 105
gramineo ripae religavit ab aggere classem.

'Do not seek to join your daughter to Latin marriages,
O my progeny, nor trust in bridal chambers made ready;
foreign sons-in-law will come, who by their blood will bear our
name to the stars, and from whose stock their descendants
will see all things beneath their feet, where the sun, returning, 100
looks on both Oceans, and see it turned and ruled.'
These responses of father Faunus and the admonitions given in the silent
night Latinus himself does not suppress with his own mouth,
but Rumor, now flying widely around, had borne them through the
Ausonian cities, when the Laomedontian youth 105
moored the fleet to the grassy bank of the shore by the embankment.

Aeneas primique duces et pulcher Iulus
corpora sub ramis deponunt arboris altae,
instituuntque dapes et adorea liba per herbam
subiciunt epulis (sic Iuppiter ipse monebat) 110
et Cereale solum pomis agrestibus augent.
consumptis hic forte aliis, ut vertere morsus
exiguam in Cererem penuria adegit edendi,
et violare manu malisque audacibus orbem
fatalis crusti patulis nec parcere quadris: 115
'heus, etiam mensas consumimus?' inquit Iulus,
nec plura, adludens. ea vox audita laborum
prima tulit finem, primamque loquentis ab ore
eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit.

Aeneas and the foremost leaders and fair Iulus
lay down their bodies beneath the branches of a lofty tree,
and they arrange a feast and set adorea loaves over the grass
under the courses (thus Jupiter himself was advising) 110
and they augment the Cereal ground with rustic fruits.
when by chance the other things were consumed, as penury of eating
drove them to turn their bites onto scant Ceres,
and with hand and audacious jaws to violate the circle
of the fated crust, nor to spare the broad squares: 115
“hey, are we even consuming the tables?” says Iulus,
and no more, jesting. That voice, once heard, first brought an end
to their labors, and the father snatched the first thing spoken from the speaker’s mouth
and, stupefied, pressed it under the numen.

continuo 'salve fatis mihi debita tellus 120

straightway 'hail, land owed to me by the fates 120

vosque' ait 'o fidi Troiae salvete penates:
hic domus, haec patria est. genitor mihi talia namque
(nunc repeto) Anchises fatorum arcana reliquit:
"cum te, nate, fames ignota ad litora vectum
accisis coget dapibus consumere mensas, 125
tum sperare domos defessus, ibique memento
prima locare manu molirique aggere tecta."
haec erat illa fames, haec nos suprema manebat
exitiis positura modum.
quare agite et primo laeti cum lumine solis 130
quae loca, quive habeant homines, ubi moenia gentis,
vestigemus et a portu diversa petamus.

'and you,' he says, 'O faithful Penates of Troy, hail:
here is home, here is fatherland. For my sire left to me such things
(now I recall) Anchises left the arcana of the fates:
"when, my son, hunger has borne you to unknown shores,
it will force you, with the viands cut up, to consume the tables, 125
then, wearied, to hope for homes, and there remember
to place the first foundations by hand and to build roofs with a rampart."
this was that hunger; this ultimate one was awaiting us,
about to set a bound to our dooms.
therefore come, and at the first light of the sun, joyful, 130
let us trace what places they are, and what men hold them, where the walls of the nation,
and from the port let us seek different quarters.

nunc pateras libate Iovi precibusque vocate
Anchisen genitorem, et vina reponite mensis.'

now libate the bowls to Jove and with prayers invoke
Anchises the begetter, and replace the wines upon the tables.'

Sic deinde effatus frondenti tempora ramo               135
implicat et geniumque loci primamque deorum
Tellurem Nymphasque et adhuc ignota precatur
flumina, tum Noctem Noctisque orientia signa
Idaeumque Iovem Phrygiamque ex ordine matrem
invocat, et duplicis caeloque Ereboque parentis.               140
hic pater omnipotens ter caelo clarus ab alto
intonuit, radiisque ardentem lucis et auro
ipse manu quatiens ostendit ab aethere nubem.
diditur hic subito Troiana per agmina rumor
advenisse diem quo debita moenia condant.               145

Thus having spoken thereafter, he entwines his temples with a leafy branch               135
and he entreats the genius of the place and Tellus, first of the gods,
the Nymphs, and the as-yet-unknown rivers; then Night and the rising signs of Night;
and he calls upon Idaean Jove and, in due order, the Phrygian Mother,
and the double parent, both in Heaven and in Erebus.               140
Here the omnipotent Father thundered thrice, bright from the high heaven,
and, himself with his hand shaking a cloud blazing with shafts of light and with gold,
he showed it from the ether. At once the rumor is spread through the Trojan ranks
that the day has arrived on which they should found the owed walls.               145

certatim instaurant epulas atque omine magno
crateras laeti statuunt et vina coronant.

eagerly they renew the banquets, and, with a great omen,
joyful they set up the craters and crown the wines.

Postera cum prima lustrabat lampade terras
orta dies, urbem et finis et litora gentis
diversi explorant: haec fontis stagna Numici, 150
hunc Thybrim fluvium, hic fortis habitare Latinos.
tum satus Anchisa delectos ordine ab omni
centum oratores augusta ad moenia regis
ire iubet, ramis velatos Palladis omnis,
donaque ferre viro pacemque exposcere Teucris. 155
haud mora, festinant iussi rapidisque feruntur
passibus. ipse humili designat moenia fossa
moliturque locum, primasque in litore sedes
castrorum in morem pinnis atque aggere cingit.

The next day, when with its first lamp the risen day was lighting the lands,
they, in different directions, explore the city and the borders and the shores of the people: these are the pools of the spring of Numicus, 150
this is the river Tiber, here the brave Latins dwell. Then the son of Anchises bids a hundred envoys, chosen from every order,
to go to the august walls of the king, all veiled with the branches of Pallas,
and to bear gifts to the man and to demand peace for the Teucrians. 155
No delay: the commanded hasten and are borne with rapid steps. He himself marks out the walls with a low trench
and works the site, and on the shore he girds the first quarters,
in the manner of a camp, with palisades and a rampart.

iamque iter emensi turris ac tecta Latinorum 160

and now, the journey measured out, the towers and roofs of the Latins 160

ardua cernebant iuvenes muroque subibant.
ante urbem pueri et primaevo flore iuventus
exercentur equis domitantque in pulvere currus,
aut acris tendunt arcus aut lenta lacertis
spicula contorquent, cursuque ictuque lacessunt: 165
cum praevectus equo longaevi regis ad auris
nuntius ingentis ignota in veste reportat
advenisse viros. ille intra tecta vocari
imperat et solio medius consedit avito.

the youths perceived the steep heights and were approaching the wall.
before the city, boys and youth in the prime flower are exercised with horses and subdue chariots in the dust,
or they stretch keen bows or with their arms whirl pliant darts, and they challenge by running and by blow: 165
when a messenger, borne forward on horseback, reports to the ears of the long-lived king that great men, in unknown garb, have arrived.
he orders them to be called within the halls and in the midst sat upon the ancestral throne.

Tectum augustum, ingens, centum sublime columnis               170
urbe fuit summa, Laurentis regia Pici,
horrendum silvis et religione parentum.
hic sceptra accipere et primos attollere fascis
regibus omen erat; hoc illis curia templum,
hae sacris sedes epulis; hic ariete caeso               175
perpetuis soliti patres considere mensis.
quin etiam veterum effigies ex ordine avorum
antiqua e cedro, Italusque paterque Sabinus
vitisator curvam servans sub imagine falcem,
Saturnusque senex Ianique bifrontis imago               180

A roof august, immense, sublime with a hundred columns               170
stood on the city’s summit, the palace of Laurentian Picus,
awe-inspiring with its woods and with the religion of the forefathers.
here to receive the scepters and to lift the first fasces
was the omen for kings; for them this was a curia-temple,
these were seats for sacred banquets; here, with a ram slain,               175
the Fathers were wont to take their places at perpetual tables.
Nay even the effigies of the old ancestors in order,
ancient, from cedar, and Italus and Father Sabinus,
the vinedresser, keeping beneath his likeness the curved sickle,
and old Saturn and the image of two-fronted Janus               180

vestibulo astabant, aliique ab origine reges,
Martiaque ob patriam pugnando vulnera passi.
multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma,
captiui pendent currus curvaeque secures
et cristae capitum et portarum ingentia claustra 185
spiculaque clipeique ereptaque rostra carinis.
ipse Quirinali lituo parvaque sedebat
succinctus trabea laevaque ancile gerebat
Picus, equum domitor, quem capta cupidine coniunx
aurea percussum virga versumque venenis 190
fecit avem Circe sparsitque coloribus alas.

they stood in the vestibule, and other kings from the origin,
and those who had suffered Martial wounds by fighting for the fatherland.
and many arms moreover on the sacred doorposts,
captive chariots hang and curved axes
and crests of heads and the huge bars of gates 185
and javelins and shields and beaks torn from hulls.
he himself was sitting with the Quirinal lituus,
girt with a small trabea, and on the left he was bearing the ancile—
Picus, tamer of the horse—whom, seized by desire, his spouse
Circe struck with a golden rod and, turned by poisons, made a bird, 190
and she sprinkled the wings with colors.

Tali intus templo divum patriaque Latinus
sede sedens Teucros ad sese in tecta vocavit,
atque haec ingressis placido prior edidit ore:
'dicite, Dardanidae (neque enim nescimus et urbem               195
et genus, auditique advertitis aequore cursum),
quid petitis? quae causa rates aut cuius egentis
litus ad Ausonium tot per vada caerula vexit?
sive errore viae seu tempestatibus acti,
qualia multa mari nautae patiuntur in alto,               200
fluminis intrastis ripas portuque sedetis,
ne fugite hospitium, neve ignorate Latinos
Saturni gentem haud vinclo nec legibus aequam,
sponte sua veterisque dei se more tenentem.
atque equidem memini (fama est obscurior annis)               205

Within such a temple of the gods and the fatherland, Latinus,
sitting on his seat, called the Teucrians into his halls,
and, with placid mouth, first uttered these words to them as they entered:
'speak, Dardanians (for we are not unaware both of your city               195
and your stock, and, heard-of, you have turned your course upon the sea),
what do you seek? what cause have your ships, or for want of whom,
carried to the Ausonian shore through so many cerulean shallows?
whether by error of the way or driven by storms,
such things as many sailors suffer on the high sea,               200
you have entered the river’s banks and sit in harbor;
do not flee hospitality, nor be ignorant that the Latins are
the people of Saturn, equitable not by bond nor by laws,
but holding themselves of their own accord and by the custom of the ancient god.
and indeed I remember (the report is dimmer with the years)               205

Auruncos ita ferre senes, his ortus ut agris
Dardanus Idaeas Phrygiae penetrarit ad urbes
Threiciamque Samum, quae nunc Samothracia fertur.
hinc illum Corythi Tyrrhena ab sede profectum
aurea nunc solio stellantis regia caeli 210
accipit et numerum divorum altaribus auget.'

'the Auruncan elders used to report thus, that Dardanus, sprung from these fields,
had penetrated to the Idaean cities of Phrygia and to Thracian Samos, which now is said to be Samothrace.
from here, that he, having set forth from the Tyrrhenian seat of Corythus,
is now received by the golden royal palace of the starry heaven upon its throne, 210
and increases the number of the divinities at its altars.'

Dixerat, et dicta Ilioneus sic voce secutus:
'rex, genus egregium Fauni, nec fluctibus actos
atra subegit hiems vestris succedere terris,
nec sidus regione viae litusve fefellit:               215
consilio hanc omnes animisque volentibus urbem
adferimur pulsi regnis, quae maxima quondam
extremo veniens sol aspiciebat Olympo.
ab Iove principium generis, Iove Dardana pubes
gaudet avo, rex ipse Iovis de gente suprema:               220
Troius Aeneas tua nos ad limina misit.
quanta per Idaeos saevis effusa Mycenis
tempestas ierit campos, quibus actus uterque
Europae atque Asiae fatis concurrerit orbis,
audiit et si quem tellus extrema refuso               225

He had spoken, and Ilioneus thus followed the words with his voice:
'king, of the illustrious lineage of Faunus, neither has a black winter, driven by waves, compelled us
to come under your lands, nor has a star in the region of our route or the shore deceived us:               215
by counsel and with willing spirits we all are borne to this city,
driven from kingdoms which once, very great, the Sun, coming from farthest Olympus,
used to behold. From Jupiter the beginning of our race; the Dardanian youth
rejoices in Jupiter as grandsire, and the king himself is of Jove’s supreme line:               220
Trojan Aeneas has sent us to your thresholds.
How great a tempest, let loose by savage Mycenae, has gone over the Idaean fields,
in which, driven by fates, both orbs, Europe and Asia,
clashed together, even the farthest earth has heard it, and if any land at the outermost limit with the ebbing-back sea               225

summovet Oceano et si quem extenta plagarum
quattuor in medio dirimit plaga solis iniqui.
diluvio ex illo tot vasta per aequora vecti
dis sedem exiguam patriis litusque rogamus
innocuum et cunctis undamque auramque patentem. 230
non erimus regno indecores, nec vestra feretur
fama levis tantique abolescet gratia facti,
nec Troiam Ausonios gremio excepisse pigebit.
fata per Aeneae iuro dextramque potentem,
sive fide seu quis bello est expertus et armis: 235
multi nos populi, multae (ne temne, quod ultro
praeferimus manibus vittas ac verba precantia)
et petiere sibi et volvere adiungere gentes;
sed nos fata deum vestras exquirere terras
imperiis egere suis.

even those whom Ocean removes, and whomever the stretched zone of the four quarters
divides in the middle—the zone of the unkind sun.
from that deluge, borne across so many vast expanses of sea,
we ask of the gods a small seat and a harmless shore,
and wave and breeze open to all. 230
we shall not be inglorious to the realm, nor will your fame be light
or the favor of so great a deed fade away,
nor will it shame you to have received Troy into the Ausonian bosom.
I swear by the fates of Aeneas and his mighty right hand,
whether one has tested us by loyalty or by war and arms: 235
many peoples, many (do not despise that of our own accord
we proffer in our hands the fillets and words of entreaty)
both have sought us for themselves and have wished to join their nations;
but the fates of the gods, by their commands, have driven us to seek out your lands.

hinc Dardanus ortus, 240

hence Dardanus originated, 240

huc repetit iussisque ingentibus urget Apollo
Tyrrhenum ad Thybrim et fontis vada sacra Numici.
dat tibi praeterea fortunae parva prioris
munera, reliquias Troia ex ardente receptas.
hoc pater Anchises auro libabat ad aras, 245
hoc Priami gestamen erat cum iura vocatis
more daret populis, sceptrumque sacerque tiaras
Iliadumque labor vestes.'

to this he returns, and with mighty commands Apollo urges toward the Tyrrhenian Tiber and the sacred shallows of the fountain of Numicus.
besides, he gives to you small gifts of your former fortune, relics recovered from blazing Troy.
with this gold father Anchises used to pour libations at the altars, 245
this was Priam’s regalia when, the peoples having been summoned,
by custom he gave laws, the scepter and the sacred tiaras
and the garments, the labor of the Ilian women.'

Talibus Ilionei dictis defixa Latinus
obtutu tenet ora soloque immobilis haeret, 250
intentos volvens oculos. nec purpura regem
picta movet nec sceptra movent Priameia tantum
quantum in conubio natae thalamoque moratur,
et veteris Fauni volvit sub pectore sortem:
hunc illum fatis externa ab sede profectum 255
portendi generum paribusque in regna vocari
auspiciis, huic progeniem virtute futuram
egregiam et totum quae viribus occupet orbem.
tandem laetus ait: 'di nostra incepta secundent
auguriumque suum!

At such words of Ilioneus, Latinus, fixed in gaze,
keeps his features and, motionless, clings to the soil, 250
rolling his intent eyes. Nor does painted purple move the king,
nor do Priam’s scepters move him so much as he lingers over
his daughter’s connubium and bridal-chamber,
and he turns over beneath his breast the lot of ancient Faunus:
that this man, gone forth by the fates from a foreign seat, 255
is portended as a son-in-law and to be called to the realm with equal auspices;
for him a progeny to be outstanding in virtue, and one which by its strength may seize the whole orb.
At last, glad, he says: ‘May the gods favor our undertakings and their own augury!’

dabitur, Troiane, quod optas. 260

What you desire shall be given, Trojan. 260

munera nec sperno: non vobis rege Latino
divitis uber agri Troiaeve opulentia deerit.
ipse modo Aeneas, nostri si tanta cupido est,
si iungi hospitio properat sociusque vocari,
adveniat, vultus neve exhorrescat amicos: 265
pars mihi pacis erit dextram tetigisse tyranni.
vos contra regi mea nunc mandata referte:
est mihi nata, viro gentis quam iungere nostrae
non patrio ex adyto sortes, non plurima caelo
monstra sinunt; generos externis adfore ab oris, 270
hoc Latio restare canunt, qui sanguine nostrum
nomen in astra ferant.

nor do I spurn gifts: under King Latinus you will not lack the rich abundance of the field nor the opulence of Troy.
let Aeneas himself, if so great a desire of us there is,
if he hastens to be joined in hospitality and to be called ally,
let him come, and let him not shudder at friendly faces: 265
it shall be a part of peace for me to have touched the right hand of the ruler.
you in turn now report my mandates to your king:
I have a daughter, whom to join to a husband of our race neither the lots from the ancestral adyton nor the many portents in the sky allow; they sing that sons-in-law will be present from foreign shores, 270
that this remains for Latium—men who by their blood will bear our name to the stars.

hunc illum poscere fata
et reor et, si quid veri mens augurat, opto.'
haec effatus equos numero pater eligit omni
(stabant ter centum nitidi in praesepibus altis); 275

I both think and, if my mind augurs anything of truth, I desire that the Fates are summoning this very man;
having spoken these things, the father chose horses in full number
(there stood 300 sleek in the high stalls); 275

omnibus extemplo Teucris iubet ordine duci
instratos ostro alipedes pictisque tapetis
(aurea pectoribus demissa monilia pendent,
tecti auro fulvum mandunt sub dentibus aurum),
absenti Aeneae currum geminosque iugalis 280
semine ab aetherio spirantis naribus ignem,
illorum de gente patri quos daedala Circe
supposita de matre nothos furata creavit.
talibus Aeneadae donis dictisque Latini
sublimes in equis redeunt pacemque reportant. 285

he orders at once for all the Teucrians, in due order, to be led out
swift-footed horses decked with purple and with pictured tapestries
(golden collars, let down upon their chests, hang,
covered with gold, they champ tawny gold beneath their teeth),
for absent Aeneas a chariot and twin yoked horses 280
breathing fire from their nostrils from ethereal seed,
of the breed—for her father—whom crafty Circe
by a substituted dam, by theft created as bastards.
with such gifts and with the words of Latinus the Aeneads
lofty on their horses return and bring back peace. 285

Ecce autem Inachiis sese referebat ab Argis
saeva Iovis coniunx aurasque invecta tenebat,
et laetum Aenean classemque ex aethere longe
Dardaniam Siculo prospexit ab usque Pachyno.
moliri iam tecta videt, iam fidere terrae, 290
deseruisse rates: stetit acri fixa dolore.
tum quassans caput haec effundit pectore dicta:
'heu stirpem invisam et fatis contraria nostris
fata Phrygum!

But look, from Inachian Argos the savage consort of Jove was returning, and, borne upon the breezes, she held her course, and from the upper air far off she looked out upon glad Aeneas and his fleet, the Dardanian, from even Sicilian Pachynus. She sees them now building roofs, now trusting to the land, 290
that they had deserted their ships: she stood fixed with sharp pain. Then, shaking her head, she pours forth these words from her breast: ‘alas for the hated stock and the fates of the Phrygians contrary to our fates!’

num Sigeis occumbere campis,
num capti potuere capi? num incensa cremavit 295
Troia viros? medias acies mediosque per ignis
invenere viam.

Was it that they met death on the Sigean fields,
was it that, captured, they were able to be captured? Did Troy, set ablaze, burn the men? 295
Through the midst of battle-lines and through the midst of fires
they found a way.

at, credo, mea numina tandem
fessa iacent, odiis aut exsaturata quievi.
quin etiam patria excussos infesta per undas
ausa sequi et profugis toto me opponere ponto. 300

but, I suppose, my numina at last lie weary,
or, satiated with hatreds, I have rested.
nay even I dared to follow those shaken from their fatherland
through hostile waves, and to set myself against the fugitives over the whole sea. 300

absumptae in Teucros vires caelique marisque.
quid Syrtes aut Scylla mihi, quid vasta Charybdis
profuit? optato conduntur Thybridis alveo
securi pelagi atque mei.

my forces of sky and sea have been exhausted upon the Teucrians.
what to me have the Syrtes or Scylla, what the vast Charybdis
profited? in the longed-for channel of the Tiber they are shut in
secure from the sea and from me.

Mars perdere gentem
immanem Lapithum valuit, concessit in iras 305
ipse deum antiquam genitor Calydona Dianae,
quod scelus aut Lapithas tantum aut Calydona merentem?
ast ego, magna Iovis coniunx, nil linquere inausum
quae potui infelix, quae memet in omnia verti,
vincor ab Aenea. quod si mea numina non sunt 310
magna satis, dubitem haud equidem implorare quod usquam est:
flectere si nequeo superos, Acheronta movebo.

Mars was able to destroy the monstrous race of the Lapiths, the begetter himself of the gods yielded ancient Calydon to Diana’s wraths, 305
what crime either by the Lapiths or by Calydon deserving so great a thing? But I, the great consort of Jove, leaving nothing un-dared that I could, unlucky as I am, and turning myself into all things, am conquered by Aeneas. But if my numina are not great enough, I shall by no means hesitate to implore whatever there is anywhere:
if I cannot bend the supernal gods, I will move Acheron.

non dabitur regnis, esto, prohibere Latinis,
atque immota manet fatis Lavinia coniunx:
at trahere atque moras tantis licet addere rebus, 315

it will not be granted, so be it, to forbid the Latin kingdoms,
and Lavinia, as spouse, remains unmoved by the fates:
but to draw things out and to add delays to such great affairs is permitted, 315

at licet amborum populos exscindere regum.
hac gener atque socer coeant mercede suorum:
sanguine Troiano et Rutulo dotabere, virgo,
et Bellona manet te pronuba. nec face tantum
Cisseis praegnas ignis enixa iugalis; 320
quin idem Veneri partus suus et Paris alter,
funestaeque iterum recidiva in Pergama taedae.'

but it is permitted to tear out the peoples of both kings root and branch.
by this price let son‑in‑law and father‑in‑law unite at the cost of their own:
with Trojan and Rutulian blood you will be endowed, maiden,
and Bellona awaits you as pronuba. nor only as a torch
did the Cissean, pregnant, bring forth nuptial fire; 320
nay rather her offspring will be both a child for Venus and another Paris,
and the baleful torches once more upon a reborn Pergama.'

Haec ubi dicta dedit, terras horrenda petivit;
luctificam Allecto dirarum ab sede dearum
infernisque ciet tenebris, cui tristia bella               325
iraeque insidiaeque et crimina noxia cordi.
odit et ipse pater Pluton, odere sorores
Tartareae monstrum: tot sese vertit in ora,
tam saevae facies, tot pullulat atra colubris.
quam Iuno his acuit verbis ac talia fatur:               330
'hunc mihi da proprium, virgo sata Nocte, laborem,
hanc operam, ne noster honos infractave cedat
fama loco, neu conubiis ambire Latinum
Aeneadae possint Italosve obsidere finis.
tu potes unanimos armare in proelia fratres               335

When she had given these words, she sought the lands, dreadful;
she summons grief-bringing Allecto from the seat of the dire goddesses
and from the infernal darkness, to whose heart grim wars               325
and wraths and ambushes and noxious crimes are dear.
Father Pluto himself hates her too, the Tartarean sisters hate
the monster: into so many mouths she turns herself,
so savage the faces, so many black serpents sprout.
whom Juno whets with these words and speaks thus:               330
'Grant me this task as my own, maiden begotten of Night,
this service, lest our honor or our fame give way, broken, from its place,
and lest the Aeneadae be able to court Latinus with marriages
or to besiege the Italian borders.
you can arm brothers of one mind for battles               335

atque odiis versare domos, tu verbera tectis
funereasque inferre faces, tibi nomina mille,
mille nocendi artes. fecundum concute pectus,
dissice compositam pacem, sere crimina belli;
arma velit poscatque simul rapiatque iuventus.' 340

and with hatreds turn the homes, you, bring lashings upon the dwellings,
and bring in funereal torches; to you there are a thousand names,
a thousand arts of harming. Shake your fecund breast,
tear apart the composed peace, sow the crimes of war;
let the youth desire arms, and both demand and at once seize them.' 340

Exim Gorgoneis Allecto infecta venenis
principio Latium et Laurentis tecta tyranni
celsa petit, tacitumque obsedit limen Amatae,
quam super adventu Teucrum Turnique hymenaeis
femineae ardentem curaeque iraeque coquebant.                345
huic dea caeruleis unum de crinibus anguem
conicit, inque sinum praecordia ad intima subdit,
quo furibunda domum monstro permisceat omnem.
ille inter vestis et levia pectora lapsus
volvitur attactu nullo, fallitque furentem               350
vipeream inspirans animam; fit tortile collo
aurum ingens coluber, fit longae taenia vittae
innectitque comas et membris lubricus errat.
ac dum prima lues udo sublapsa veneno
pertemptat sensus atque ossibus implicat ignem               355

Then Allecto, infected with Gorgonian poisons,
at the beginning seeks Latium and the lofty roofs of the Laurentine tyrant,
and besieged the silent threshold of Amata,
whom, over the arrival of the Teucrians and the hymenaeals of Turnus,
womanly cares and angers were seething.                345
to her the goddess hurls one serpent from her dark-blue hair,
and she thrusts it into her bosom down to her inmost precordia,
whereby, frenzied, she might commingle the whole house with the monster.
It, having slipped between the garments and her smooth breast,
coils with no touch, and deceives the raging one,               350
breathing in a viperous spirit; the huge serpent becomes twisted gold
at her neck, becomes the ribbon of a long fillet,
and it knots into her hair and, slippery, wanders over her limbs.
And while the first blight, having slid down with its wet venom,
thoroughly thrills the senses and entwines fire in her bones,               355

necdum animus toto percepit pectore flammam,
mollius et solito matrum de more locuta est,
multa super natae lacrimans Phrygiisque hymenaeis:
'exsulibusne datur ducenda Lavinia Teucris,
o genitor, nec te miseret nataeque tuique? 360
nec matris miseret, quam primo Aquilone relinquet
perfidus alta petens abducta virgine praedo?
at non sic Phrygius penetrat Lacedaemona pastor,
Ledaeamque Helenam Troianas vexit ad urbes?
quid tua sancta fides?

nor had her mind yet perceived the flame with her whole breast,
and she spoke more softly and in the customary manner of mothers,
weeping much over her daughter and the Phrygian hymeneals:
'is Lavinia being given to be led in marriage to the Teucrian exiles,
O father, and does it not move you to pity—for your daughter and for yourself? 360
nor for the mother, whom at the first North Wind the perfidious pirate, seeking the deep, will leave behind with the maiden abducted?
but was it not thus that the Phrygian shepherd penetrated Lacedaemon,
and carried Ledaean Helen to the Trojan cities?
what of your sacred good faith?'

quid cura antiqua tuorum 365
et consanguineo totiens data dextera Turno?
si gener externa petitur de gente Latinis,
idque sedet, Faunique premunt te iussa parentis,
omnem equidem sceptris terram quae libera nostris
dissidet externam reor et sic dicere divos. 370

what of the ancient care for your own 365
and the right hand so often given to consanguine Turnus?
if a son-in-law is sought from an external race for the Latins,
and that is settled, and the injunctions of your parent Faunus press you,
every land indeed which, being free, dissents from our scepters
I deem external, and thus do the gods say. 370

et Turno, si prima domus repetatur origo,
Inachus Acrisiusque patres mediaeque Mycenae.'

and for Turnus, if the first origin of his house be retraced,
Inachus and Acrisius are fathers, and Mycenae in the midst.'

His ubi nequiquam dictis experta Latinum
contra stare videt, penitusque in viscera lapsum
serpentis furiale malum totamque pererrat,               375
tum vero infelix ingentibus excita monstris
immensam sine more furit lymphata per urbem.
ceu quondam torto volitans sub verbere turbo,
quem pueri magno in gyro vacua atria circum
intenti ludo exercent—ille actus habena               380
curvatis fertur spatiis; stupet inscia supra
impubesque manus mirata volubile buxum;
dant animos plagae: non cursu segnior illo
per medias urbes agitur populosque ferocis.
quin etiam in silvas simulato numine Bacchi               385

When, having tried with words in vain, she sees that Latinus stands in opposition, and the furial evil of the serpent, having slipped deep into her vitals, wanders throughout her whole being, 375
then indeed the unhappy one, roused by huge monstrous portents, raves lawlessly, lymphatic, through the immense city.
as once a top, flitting beneath the twisted lash, which boys, intent on their play, exercise through empty halls around in a great gyre—driven by the thong it is borne in curved courses; the unknowing beardless hands above stand amazed, marvelling at the rolling boxwood;
the strokes give it spirits: no slower than that in its running she is driven through the midst of the cities and the ferocious peoples.
nay even into the woods, with the feigned numen of Bacchus, 385

maius adorta nefas maioremque orsa furorem
evolat et natam frondosis montibus abdit,
quo thalamum eripiat Teucris taedasque moretur,
euhoe Bacche fremens, solum te virgine dignum
vociferans: etenim mollis tibi sumere thyrsos,               390
te lustrare choro, sacrum tibi pascere crinem.
fama volat, furiisque accensas pectore matres
idem omnis simul ardor agit nova quaerere tecta.
deseruere domos, ventis dant colla comasque;
ast aliae tremulis ululatibus aethera complent               395
pampineasque gerunt incinctae pellibus hastas.
ipsa inter medias flagrantem fervida pinum
sustinet ac natae Turnique canit hymenaeos
sanguineam torquens aciem, torvumque repente
clamat: 'io matres, audite, ubi quaeque, Latinae:               400

having undertaken a greater nefariousness and begun a greater furor,
she flies out and hides her daughter in the leafy mountains,
in order to snatch the thalamus from the Teucrians and to delay the torches,
roaring “euhoe, Bacchus,” shouting that you alone are worthy of the maiden;
for indeed it is gentle for you to take up the thyrsi, to lustrate with the chorus, to pasture the sacred hair for you.               390
rumor flies, and the mothers, inflamed in breast by Furies,
one and the same ardor drives them all at once to seek new roofs.
they deserted their homes, they give their necks and hair to the winds;
but others fill the aether with trembling ululations
and, girded with skins, bear vine-leafed spears.               395
she herself, fervid, in the midst sustains a blazing pine-wood torch
and sings the hymeneals of her daughter and of Turnus,
twisting a blood-red gaze, and suddenly grim
she cries: ‘io, mothers, hear, wherever each of you is, you Latins:’               400

si qua piis animis manet infelicis Amatae
gratia, si iuris materni cura remordet,
solvite crinalis vittas, capite orgia mecum.'
talem inter silvas, inter deserta ferarum
reginam Allecto stimulis agit undique Bacchi. 405

if any favor of unhappy Amata remains for pious spirits
if the care of maternal right gnaws back,
loosen your hair-fillets, take up the orgies with me.'
Such among the woods, amid the deserts of wild beasts
Alecto drives the queen on every side with the goads of Bacchus. 405

Postquam visa satis primos acuisse furores
consiliumque omnemque domum vertisse Latini,
protinus hinc fuscis tristis dea tollitur alis
audacis Rutuli ad muros, quam dicitur urbem
Acrisioneis Danae fundasse colonis                410
praecipiti delata Noto. locus Ardea quondam
dictus avis, et nunc magnum manet Ardea nomen,
sed fortuna fuit. tectis hic Turnus in altis
iam mediam nigra carpebat nocte quietem.
Allecto toruam faciem et furialia membra               415
exuit, in vultus sese transformat anilis
et frontem obscenam rugis arat, induit albos
cum vitta crinis, tum ramum innectit olivae;
fit Calybe Iunonis anus templique sacerdos,
et iuveni ante oculos his se cum vocibus offert:               420

After she seemed to have sufficiently sharpened the first furies and to have overturned the counsel and the whole house of Latinus,
straightway from there the sad goddess is lifted on dusky wings
to the walls of the bold Rutulian, the city which is said
to have been founded by Danaë with Acrisionian colonists,               410
borne thither by the headlong Notus. The place was once
called Ardea by the forefathers, and now the great name Ardea remains,
but fortune was. Here in his high halls Turnus
already in black night was catching mid-rest.
Allecto lays aside her grim face and Fury-limbs,               415
transforms herself into an old-woman’s visage
and furrows her shameful brow with wrinkles, puts on white
hair with a fillet, then entwines a branch of olive;
she becomes Calybe, Juno’s old woman and priestess of the temple,
and before the youth’s eyes she presents herself with these words:               420

'Turne, tot incassum fusos patiere labores,
et tua Dardaniis transcribi sceptra colonis?
rex tibi coniugium et quaesitas sanguine dotes
abnegat, externusque in regnum quaeritur heres.
i nunc, ingratis offer te, inrise, periclis; 425
Tyrrhenas, i, sterne acies, tege pace Latinos.

'Turnus, will you suffer so many labors poured out in vain,
and your scepters to be transferred to Dardanian colonists?
the king denies to you the marriage and the dowry sought with blood,
and a foreign heir is sought for the kingdom.
go now, offer yourself, laughingstock, to ungrateful perils; 425
go, lay low the Tyrrhenian battle-lines, cover the Latins with peace.

haec adeo tibi me, placida cum nocte iaceres,
ipsa palam fari omnipotens Saturnia iussit.
quare age et armari pubem portisque moveri
laetus in arva para, et Phrygios qui flumine pulchro 430
consedere duces pictasque exure carinas.
caelestum vis magna iubet.

these things indeed to you, while you were lying in a placid night,
the omnipotent Saturnian herself ordered me openly to speak.
therefore come, and gladly prepare the youth to be armed and to move
from the gates into the fields, and burn the Phrygian leaders who by the fair river 430
have settled, and their painted hulls.
the great force of the celestials commands.

rex ipse Latinus,
ni dare coniugium et dicto parere fatetur,
sentiat et tandem Turnum experiatur in armis.'

king Latinus himself,
unless he confesses to grant the marriage and to obey the command,
let him feel it, and at last let him experience Turnus in arms.'

Hic iuvenis vatem inridens sic orsa vicissim 435
ore refert: 'classis invectas Thybridis undam
non, ut rere, meas effugit nuntius auris;
ne tantos mihi finge metus. nec regia Iuno
immemor est nostri.
sed te victa situ verique effeta senectus, 440
o mater, curis nequiquam exercet, et arma
regum inter falsa vatem formidine ludit.

Here the youth, deriding the seer, thus in turn to her begun utterance 435
with his lips replies: 'the fleet, borne upon the Tiber’s wave,
has not, as you suppose, with its message escaped my ears;
feign me no such great fears. Nor is regal Juno
unmindful of us.
but an old age, conquered by decay and effete of truth, O mother, 440
vexes you with cares in vain, and amid the arms of kings
plays with the seer by false dread.'

cura tibi divum effigies et templa tueri;
bella viri pacemque gerent quis bella gerenda.'

let the care be yours to guard the effigies of the gods and the temples;
men will conduct wars and peace—by whom wars are to be conducted.'

Talibus Allecto dictis exarsit in iras.               445
at iuveni oranti subitus tremor occupat artus,
deriguere oculi: tot Erinys sibilat hydris
tantaque se facies aperit; tum flammea torquens
lumina cunctantem et quaerentem dicere plura
reppulit, et geminos erexit crinibus anguis,               450
verberaque insonuit rabidoque haec addidit ore:
'en ego victa situ, quam veri effeta senectus
arma inter regum falsa formidine ludit.
respice ad haec: adsum dirarum ab sede sororum,
bella manu letumque gero.'               455

At such words Allecto blazes into wraths.               445
but upon the youth pleading a sudden tremor seizes his limbs,
his eyes grow rigid: with so many hydras the Erinys hisses,
and such a visage lays itself open; then, whirling her fiery lights (eyes),
she repels him, hesitating and seeking to say more,
and rears twin serpents in her hair,               450
and made her scourges resound, and with rabid mouth added these things:
'Lo, I, conquered by decay, whom old age, barren of truth,
toys with amid the arms of kings in false fear.
Look upon these: I am present from the seat of the dread sisters,
I bring wars and death with my hand.'               455

sic effata facem iuveni coniecit et atro
lumine fumantis fixit sub pectore taedas.
olli somnum ingens rumpit pavor, ossaque et artus
perfundit toto proruptus corpore sudor.
arma amens fremit, arma toro tectisque requirit; 460
saevit amor ferri et scelerata insania belli,
ira super: magno veluti cum flamma sonore
virgea suggeritur costis undantis aeni
exsultantque aestu latices, furit intus aquai
fumidus atque alte spumis exuberat amnis, 465
nec iam se capit unda, volat vapor ater ad auras.

thus having spoken she hurled a torch at the youth and, with black radiance, fixed the smoking brands beneath his breast.
to him a vast dread shatters sleep, and sweat, bursting forth through the whole body, drenches bones and limbs.
out of his mind he roars for arms, he seeks arms on the couch and in the chambers; 460
the love of iron rages and the criminal insanity of war, anger besides:
just as, with great roaring, a flame is supplied with osier-rods beneath the ribs of a surging bronze cauldron,
and the waters leap with heat; within the stream of water it rages, smoky, and high the river brims over with foams, 465
nor now does the wave contain itself; black vapor flies to the breezes.

ergo iter ad regem polluta pace Latinum
indicit primis iuvenum et iubet arma parari,
tutari Italiam, detrudere finibus hostem;
se satis ambobus Teucrisque venire Latinisque. 470

therefore he declares a march to King Latinus, with the peace defiled,
among the foremost of the youths, and orders arms to be prepared,
to protect Italy, to drive the enemy from the borders;
that he himself comes sufficient for both, for the Teucrians and the Latins. 470

haec ubi dicta dedit divosque in vota vocavit,
certatim sese Rutuli exhortantur in arma.
hunc decus egregium formae movet atque iuventae,
hunc atavi reges, hunc claris dextera factis.

when she had given these words and called the gods to her vows,
the Rutulians vie to exhort themselves to arms.
this man the outstanding honor of form and of youth moves,
this one, ancestor kings; this one, his right hand in illustrious deeds.

Dum Turnus Rutulos animis audacibus implet,               475
Allecto in Teucros Stygiis se concitat alis,
arte nova, speculata locum, quo litore pulcher
insidiis cursuque feras agitabat Iulus.
hic subitam canibus rabiem Cocytia virgo
obicit et noto naris contingit odore,               480
ut cervum ardentes agerent; quae prima laborum
causa fuit belloque animos accendit agrestis.
cervus erat forma praestanti et cornibus ingens,
Tyrrhidae pueri quem matris ab ubere raptum
nutribant Tyrrhusque pater, cui regia parent               485

While Turnus fills the Rutulians with daring spirits,               475
Allecto, against the Teucrians, urges herself on Stygian wings,
by a new art, having spied out the place, on which shore handsome
Iulus was driving wild beasts by ambush and by chase.
Here the Cocytian maiden throws sudden rabidity to the hounds
and touches their nostrils with a familiar odor,               480
so that, burning, they might drive the stag; which was the first cause
of toils and it inflamed the rustic spirits for war.
There was a stag outstanding in form and huge with horns,
whom the sons of Tyrrhus, snatched from the mother’s udder,
were rearing, and father Tyrrhus too, to whom the royal herds obey.               485

armenta et late custodia credita campi.
adsuetum imperiis soror omni Silvia cura
mollibus intexens ornabat cornua sertis,
pectebatque ferum puroque in fonte lauabat.
ille manum patiens mensaeque adsuetus erili 490
errabat silvis rursusque ad limina nota
ipse domum sera quamvis se nocte ferebat.

and the herds, and far and wide the custody of the plain, had been entrusted.
Silvia, his sister, with every care, weaving soft garlands, used to adorn his horns,
and she would comb the wild creature and bathe it in a pure spring.
he, tolerant of the hand and accustomed to the master’s table 490
would wander in the woods and again to the familiar threshold
he by himself would carry himself home, even though at a late night.

hunc procul errantem rabidae venantis Iuli
commovere canes, fluvio cum forte secundo
deflueret ripaque aestus viridante levaret. 495
ipse etiam eximiae laudis succensus amore
Ascanius curvo derexit spicula cornu;
nec dextrae erranti deus afuit, actaque multo
perque uterum sonitu perque ilia venit harundo.
saucius at quadripes nota intra tecta refugit 500

him, wandering far off, the dogs of the ravening hunter Iulus
stirred, when by chance he was drifting with the favorable river
and was easing his heat on the green bank. 495
he himself too, inflamed with love of exceptional praise,
Ascanius directed darts from the curved bow;
nor was a god absent from his erring right hand, and the reed, driven with much
sound, came through the belly and through the flanks.
but the wounded quadruped fled back within the familiar roofs 500

successitque gemens stabulis, questuque cruentus
atque imploranti similis tectum omne replebat.
Silvia prima soror palmis percussa lacertos
auxilium vocat et duros conclamat agrestis.
olli (pestis enim tacitis latet aspera silvis) 505
improvisi adsunt, hic torre armatus obusto,
stipitis hic gravidi nodis; quod cuique repertum
rimanti telum ira facit.

and he came into the stalls groaning, and, bloody, with his lament
and, like one imploring, he was filling the whole house.
Silvia, the sister, first—her upper arms struck with her palms—
calls for help and cries out to the hardy rustics.
they (for a harsh pestilence lurks in the silent woods) 505
come up unlooked-for: here one armed with a charred firebrand,
here one with a stake heavy with knots; anger makes whatever weapon
for each man, as he rummages, that he has found.

vocat agmina Tyrrhus,
quadrifidam quercum cuneis ut forte coactis
scindebat rapta spirans immane securi. 510

Tyrrhus calls the ranks,
as by chance, with wedges driven in, he was splitting a four-cleft oak,
breathing mightily with the snatched-up axe. 510

At saeva e speculis tempus dea nacta nocendi
ardua tecta petit stabuli et de culmine summo
pastorale canit signum cornuque recurvo
Tartaream intendit vocem, qua protinus omne
contremuit nemus et silvae insonuere profundae;               515
audiit et Triviae longe lacus, audiit amnis
sulpurea Nar albus aqua fontesque Velini,
et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos.
tum vero ad vocem celeres, qua bucina signum
dira dedit, raptis concurrunt undique telis               520
indomiti agricolae, nec non et Troia pubes
Ascanio auxilium castris effundit apertis.
derexere acies. non iam certamine agresti
stipitibus duris agitur sudibusve praeustis,
sed ferro ancipiti decernunt atraque late               525

But the savage goddess, from her watchtowers having found a time for harming,
seeks the lofty roofs of the stable and from the highest summit
sings the pastoral signal and with the recurved horn
stretches forth a Tartarean voice, at which straightway all
the grove trembled and the deep forests resounded;               515
and the lake of Trivia heard from afar, the river heard,
the Nar, white with sulfurous water, and the springs of Velinus,
and anxious mothers pressed their sons to their breasts.
Then indeed at the voice, wherewith the buccina gave
a dire signal, they run together from all sides with snatched weapons               520
the indomitable farmers, and likewise the Trojan youth
pours out help for Ascanius from the opened camp.
They drew up their battle-lines. No longer is it conducted in rustic contest
with hard trunks or with stakes charred at the tip,
but they decide with two-edged iron, and black far and wide               525

horrescit strictis seges ensibus, aeraque fulgent
sole lacessita et lucem sub nubila iactant:
fluctus uti primo coepit cum albescere vento,
paulatim sese tollit mare et altius undas
erigit, inde imo consurgit ad aethera fundo. 530
hic iuvenis primam ante aciem stridente sagitta,
natorum Tyrrhi fuerat qui maximus, Almo,
sternitur; haesit enim sub gutture vulnus et udae
vocis iter tenuemque inclusit sanguine vitam.
corpora multa virum circa seniorque Galaesus, 535
dum paci medium se offert, iustissimus unus
qui fuit Ausoniisque olim ditissimus arvis:
quinque greges illi balantum, quina redibant
armenta, et terram centum vertebat aratris.

the crop bristles with drawn swords, and the bronzes gleam,
challenged by the sun, and fling light beneath the clouds:
as when a wave first begins to whiten with wind,
gradually the sea lifts itself and raises its waves higher,
then from its lowest bottom it surges up to the ether. 530
here a youth, before the foremost battle line, by a shrilling arrow—
he who was the eldest of Tyrrhus’s sons, Almo—
is laid low; for the wound stuck beneath his throat and blocked
the pathway of the moist voice and enclosed his tenuous life with blood.
many bodies of men [fell] around, and the elder Galaesus,
while he offers himself in the midst for peace, the most just of men,
who once was the richest in Ausonian fields:
to him were five flocks of bleating sheep, five herds came back,
and he turned the land with a hundred plows.

Atque ea per campos aequo dum Marte geruntur,               540
promissi dea facta potens, ubi sanguine bellum
imbuit et primae commisit funera pugnae,
deserit Hesperiam et caeli conversa per auras
Iunonem victrix adfatur voce superba:
'en, perfecta tibi bello discordia tristi;               545
dic in amicitiam coeant et foedera iungant.
quandoquidem Ausonio respersi sanguine Teucros,
hoc etiam his addam, tua si mihi certa voluntas:
finitimas in bella feram rumoribus urbes,
accendamque animos insani Martis amore               550

And while these things are being conducted over the plains with Mars on equal terms,               540
the goddess, powerful by her promise made good, when she had steeped the war with blood and had initiated the first funerals of the fight,
deserts Hesperia and, turned through the airs of heaven, as victress addresses Juno with proud voice:
'lo, for you the discord has been perfected by sad war;                545
say that they come together into friendship and join treaties.
since I have besprinkled the Teucrians with Ausonian blood,
this too I will add for them, if your will toward me is certain:
I will drive neighboring cities into wars by rumors,
and I will inflame spirits with the love of insane Mars.'               550

undique ut auxilio veniant; spargam arma per agros.'
tum contra Iuno: 'terrorum et fraudis abunde est:
stant belli causae, pugnatur comminus armis,
quae fors prima dedit sanguis novus imbuit arma.
talia coniugia et talis celebrent hymenaeos 555
egregium Veneris genus et rex ipse Latinus.
te super aetherias errare licentius auras
haud pater ille velit, summi regnator Olympi.

from all sides so that they may come to help; I will scatter arms through the fields.'
then in reply Juno: 'there is enough of terrors and of deceit:
the causes of war stand, they fight at close quarters with arms,
what fortune first supplied, fresh blood has steeped the weapons.
let such marriages and such hymenaeals be celebrated 555
by the illustrious stock of Venus and King Latinus himself.
that father, the ruler of highest Olympus, would not wish
you to roam more freely above the ethereal airs.'

cede locis. ego, si qua super fortuna laborum est,
ipsa regam.' talis dederat Saturnia voces; 560
illa autem attollit stridentis anguibus alas
Cocytique petit sedem supera ardua linquens.
est locus Italiae medio sub montibus altis,
nobilis et fama multis memoratus in oris,
Amsancti valles; densis hunc frondibus atrum 565

yield the place. I, if any fortune of labors remains,
I myself will govern.' Such words had the Saturnian given; 560
but she lifts her wings strident with serpents
and seeks the seat of Cocytus, leaving the lofty upper airs.
there is a place in the middle of Italy beneath high mountains,
notable and by report remembered on many shores,
the valleys of Amsanctus; this, dark with dense fronds 565

urget utrimque latus nemoris, medioque fragosus
dat sonitum saxis et torto vertice torrens.
hic specus horrendum et saevi spiracula Ditis
monstrantur, ruptoque ingens Acheronte vorago
pestiferas aperit fauces, quis condita Erinys, 570
invisum numen, terras caelumque levabat.

the forest presses the flank on either side, and in the middle, crashing,
a torrent gives sound among the rocks and with a twisted vortex;
here a horrendous cave and the vents of savage Dis
are shown, and, Acheron burst asunder, a vast chasm
opens pestiferous jaws, by which, concealed, the Erinys—an odious numen— 570
was lightening the lands and the sky.

Nec minus interea extremam Saturnia bello
imponit regina manum. ruit omnis in urbem
pastorum ex acie numerus, caesosque reportant
Almonem puerum foedatique ora Galaesi, 575
implorantque deos obtestanturque Latinum.
Turnus adest medioque in crimine caedis et igni
terrorem ingeminat: Teucros in regna vocari,
stirpem admisceri Phrygiam, se limine pelli.

Nonetheless, meanwhile the Saturnian queen lays the final hand upon war.
the whole number of shepherds rushes into the city from the battle-line,
and they carry back the slain boy Almo and the defiled face of Galaesus, 575
and they implore the gods and appeal to Latinus.
Turnus is present, and in the midst of the charge of slaughter and of the blaze
he redoubles terror: that the Teucrians are being called into the realm,
that Phrygian stock is being admixed, that he is being driven from the threshold.

tum quorum attonitae Baccho nemora avia matres 580
insultant thiasis (neque enim leve nomen Amatae)
undique collecti coeunt Martemque fatigant.
ilicet infandum cuncti contra omina bellum,
contra fata deum perverso numine poscunt.
certatim regis circumstant tecta Latini; 585

then those whose mothers, thunder-struck by Bacchus, are leaping over the pathless groves in thiases (for Amata’s name is no light one) 580
gathered from every side assemble and weary Mars with importunity.
straightway all, against the omens, demand unspeakable war,
against the fates of the gods, with perverted numen.
they vie to surround the roofs of King Latinus; 585

ille velut pelago rupes immota resistit,
ut pelagi rupes magno veniente fragore,
quae sese multis circum latrantibus undis
mole tenet; scopuli nequiquam et spumea circum
saxa fremunt laterique inlisa refunditur alga. 590
verum ubi nulla datur caecum exsuperare potestas
consilium, et saevae nutu Iunonis eunt res,
multa deos aurasque pater testatus inanis
'frangimur heu fatis' inquit 'ferimurque procella!
ipsi has sacrilego pendetis sanguine poenas, 595
o miseri. te, Turne, nefas, te triste manebit
supplicium, votisque deos venerabere seris.

he, like a cliff in the sea, stands resisting, unmoved,
as a cliff of the sea when a great crash is coming,
which, with many waves barking around it,
holds itself by its mass; the crags and the foamy
rocks roar around in vain, and the seaweed, dashed on the side, is flung back. 590
but when no power is given to overcome blind counsel,
and matters go by the nod of savage Juno,
the father, having called as witness much the gods and the inane airs,
says: 'alas, we are broken by the fates and we are borne by the storm!
you yourselves will pay these penalties with sacrilegious blood, O wretches; 595
you, Turnus—impiety—you, a gloomy punishment will await,
and with belated vows you will venerate the gods.'

nam mihi parta quies, omnisque in limine portus
funere felici spolior.' nec plura locutus
saepsit se tectis rerumque reliquit habenas. 600

for rest has been obtained for me, and, at the threshold, I am despoiled of every port by a felicitous funeral.' nor having spoken more
he enclosed himself within his roofs and relinquished the reins of affairs. 600

Mos erat Hesperio in Latio, quem protinus urbes
Albanae coluere sacrum, nunc maxima rerum
Roma colit, cum prima movent in proelia Martem,
sive Getis inferre manu lacrimabile bellum
Hyrcanisve Arabisve parant, seu tendere ad Indos               605
Auroramque sequi Parthosque reposcere signa:
sunt geminae Belli portae (sic nomine dicunt)
religione sacrae et saevi formidine Martis;
centum aerei claudunt vectes aeternaque ferri
robora, nec custos absistit limine Ianus.               610
has, ubi certa sedet patribus sententia pugnae,
ipse Quirinali trabea cinctuque Gabino
insignis reserat stridentia limina consul,
ipse vocat pugnas; sequitur tum cetera pubes,
aereaque adsensu conspirant cornua rauco.               615

There was a custom in Hesperian Latium, which straightway the Alban cities honored as sacred, now Rome, greatest in the world, honors, when they first rouse Mars to battles,
whether they prepare to bring with the hand a tearful war upon the Getae or the Hyrcanians or the Arabs,
or to stretch toward the Indians and follow the Dawn and demand back the standards from the Parthians:               605
there are twin Gates of War (thus they call them by name),
sacred by religion and by the dread of savage Mars;
a hundred bronze bars and the everlasting beams of iron shut them,
nor does Janus, the guardian, withdraw from the threshold.               610
These, when a fixed judgment of battle sits with the Fathers,
the consul himself, distinguished by the Quirinal trabea and the Gabine cincture,
unbars the creaking thresholds, he himself calls the battles; then the rest of the youth follows,
and the bronze horns with hoarse assent sound together.               615

hoc et tum Aeneadis indicere bella Latinus
more iubebatur tristisque recludere portas.
abstinuit tactu pater aversusque refugit
foeda ministeria, et caecis se condidit umbris.
tum regina deum caelo delapsa morantis 620
impulit ipsa manu portas, et cardine verso
Belli ferratos rumpit Saturnia postis.

this too then Latinus was being bidden by custom to proclaim wars against the Aeneads and to unclose the grim gates.
the father abstained from the touch and, averted, shrank from the foul ministries, and hid himself in blind shades.
then the queen of the gods, having slipped down from heaven, while he delayed, 620
with her own hand herself drove the gates, and, the hinge turned,
the Saturnian, Juno, bursts the iron-bound doorposts of War.

ardet inexcita Ausonia atque immobilis ante;
pars pedes ire parat campis, pars arduus altis
pulverulentus equis furit; omnes arma requirunt. 625
pars levis clipeos et spicula lucida tergent
arvina pingui subiguntque in cote securis;
signaque ferre iuvat sonitusque audire tubarum.
quinque adeo magnae positis incudibus urbes
tela novant, Atina potens Tiburque superbum, 630

Ausonia burns, unexcited and erstwhile immobile;
one part prepares to go on foot across the plains, another, towering, dusty with tall horses, rages; all demand arms. 625
the light-armed wipe clean their shields and bright darts,
and with rich tallow they work the axes upon the whetstone;
it pleases them to bear the standards and to hear the sounds of trumpets.
Five, indeed, great cities, with anvils set in place, renew their weapons—powerful Atina and proud Tibur, 630

Ardea Crustumerique et turrigerae Antemnae.
tegmina tuta cavant capitum flectuntque salignas
umbonum cratis; alii thoracas aenos
aut levis ocreas lento ducunt argento;
vomeris huc et falcis honos, huc omnis aratri 635
cessit amor; recoquunt patrios fornacibus ensis.
classica iamque sonant, it bello tessera signum;
hic galeam tectis trepidus rapit, ille trementis
ad iuga cogit equos, clipeumque auroque trilicem
loricam induitur fidoque accingitur ense. 640

Ardea and Crustumeri and tower-bearing Antemnae.
they hollow safe coverings for heads and bend willow
wickerworks for the bosses; others draw out bronze cuirasses
or light greaves with malleable silver; to this the honor of the ploughshare
and of the sickle, to this all love of the plough has yielded; 635
they reforge their ancestral swords in furnaces.
already the war-trumpets sound, the watchword goes as the sign for war;
here a man, anxious, snatches a helmet from the roofs, there another drives
his trembling horses to the yoke, and he puts on a shield and a triple-plaited
corslet with gold and girds himself with his trusty sword. 640

Pandite nunc Helicona, deae, cantusque movete,
qui bello exciti reges, quae quemque secutae
complerint campos acies, quibus Itala iam tum
floruerit terra alma viris, quibus arserit armis;
et meministis enim, divae, et memorare potestis; 645
ad nos vix tenuis famae perlabitur aura.

Lay open now Helicon, goddesses, and set the songs in motion,
which kings were stirred to war, what battle-lines, following each,
filled the fields, with which men the nurturing Italian land even then
flowered, with which arms it burned;
for you remember, goddesses, and you can recount; 645
to us scarcely does the thin breeze of fame glide.

Primus init bellum Tyrrhenis asper ab oris
contemptor divum Mezentius agminaque armat.
filius huic iuxta Lausus, quo pulchrior alter
non fuit excepto Laurentis corpore Turni; 650
Lausus, equum domitor debellatorque ferarum,
ducit Agyllina nequiquam ex urbe secutos
mille viros, dignus patriis qui laetior esset
imperiis et cui pater haud Mezentius esset.

First into war, harsh from Tyrrhenian shores, the despiser of the gods, Mezentius, sets forth and arms his ranks.
His son Lausus alongside him, than whom no other was more beautiful, the body of Laurentian Turnus excepted; 650
Lausus, tamer of the horse and subduer of wild beasts,
leads from the Agylline city, in vain, a thousand men who had followed—
worthy to have been happier under a father’s commands, and for whom the father had not been Mezentius.

Post hos insignem palma per gramina currum               655
victoresque ostentat equos satus Hercule pulchro
pulcher Aventinus, clipeoque insigne paternum
centum anguis cinctamque gerit serpentibus Hydram;
collis Aventini silva quem Rhea sacerdos
furtivum partu sub luminis edidit oras,               660
mixta deo mulier, postquam Laurentia victor
Geryone exstincto Tirynthius attigit arva,
Tyrrhenoque boves in flumine lavit Hiberas.
pila manu saevosque gerunt in bella dolones,
et tereti pugnant mucrone veruque Sabello.               665

After these, across the grasses he displays the chariot distinguished with the palm               655
and the victorious horses, fair Aventinus, begotten of fair Hercules;
and on his shield he bears the paternal emblem, the Hydra
girdled with a hundred snakes and wreathed with serpents;
whom Rhea the priestess of the Aventine hill’s woodland
brought forth stealthily in birth beneath the borders of the light,               660
a woman mingled with a god, after the Tirynthian, victor
with Geryon slain, reached the Laurentine fields,
and in the Tyrrhenian river washed the Iberian cattle.
They carry in hand javelins and cruel darts into wars,
and they fight with a tapered point and with the Sabellian spear.               665

ipse pedes, tegimen torquens immane leonis,
terribili impexum saeta cum dentibus albis
indutus capiti, sic regia tecta subibat,
horridus Herculeoque umeros innexus amictu.

he himself on foot, twisting the immense covering of a lion,
rough with dreadful bristle, with white teeth,
having it donned upon his head; thus he would go beneath the royal roofs,
grim, his shoulders interknit with a Herculean mantle.

Tum gemini fratres Tiburtia moenia linquunt, 670
fratris Tiburti dictam cognomine gentem,
Catillusque acerque Coras, Argiva iuventus,
et primam ante aciem densa inter tela feruntur:
ceu duo nubigenae cum vertice montis ab alto
descendunt Centauri Homolen Othrymque nivalem 675
linquentes cursu rapido; dat euntibus ingens
silva locum et magno cedunt virgulta fragore.

Then the twin brothers leave the Tiburtine walls, 670
the clan named by the cognomen of their brother Tiburtus,
Catillus and keen Coras, an Argive youth,
and they are borne to the very front line amid dense missiles:
as when two cloud-born Centaurs from the mountain’s high summit
descend, leaving Homole and snowy Othrys with rapid course; 675
the vast forest gives room as they go, and the brushwood yields with a great crash.

Nec Praenestinae fundator defuit urbis,
Volcano genitum pecora inter agrestia regem
inventumque focis omnis quem credidit aetas,               680
Caeculus. hunc legio late comitatur agrestis:
quique altum Praeneste viri quique arva Gabinae
Iunonis gelidumque Anienem et roscida rivis
Hernica saxa colunt, quos dives Anagnia pascis,
quos Amasene pater. non illis omnibus arma               685
nec clipei currusve sonant; pars maxima glandes
liventis plumbi spargit, pars spicula gestat
bina manu, fulvosque lupi de pelle galeros
tegmen habent capiti; vestigia nuda sinistri
instituere pedis, crudus tegit altera pero.               690

Nor was the founder of the Praenestine city lacking,
a king begotten by Vulcan amid rustic herds,
and whom every age believed found at the hearths,               680
Caeculus. A rustic legion widely accompanies him:
both the men who inhabit lofty Praeneste and the fields of Gabine
Juno and the chilly Anio and the Hernican rocks dewy with streams,
whom rich Anagnia feeds, whom father Amasenus;
among them not all have arms, nor do shields or chariots clang;               685
the greatest part scatters bullets of livid lead, part bears
two darts in the hand, and caps of tawny wolf-skin
they have as a covering for the head; they have trained the footprints of the left
foot to be bare, a rawhide boot covers the other.               690

At Messapus, equum domitor, Neptunia proles,
quem neque fas igni cuiquam nec sternere ferro,
iam pridem resides populos desuetaque bello
agmina in arma vocat subito ferrumque retractat.
hi Fescenninas acies Aequosque Faliscos, 695
hi Soractis habent arces Flaviniaque arva
et Cimini cum monte lacum lucosque Capenos.
ibant aequati numero regemque canebant:
ceu quondam nivei liquida inter nubila cycni
cum sese e pastu referunt et longa canoros 700
dant per colla modos, sonat amnis et Asia longe
pulsa palus.

But Messapus, tamer of the horse, a Neptunian offspring,
whom it is not right for anyone to lay low either by fire or by steel,
long since the inactive peoples and the battalions unaccustomed to war
he calls to arms, and suddenly rehandles the sword.
these, the Fescennine battle-lines and the Aequian Faliscans, 695
these hold the citadels of Soracte and the Flavinian fields
and, with Mount Ciminus, the lake and the Capenate groves.
they were going evenly matched in number and were chanting their king:
as once snow-white swans amid limpid clouds
when they return from feeding and along their long necks give canorous measures, 700
the river resounds and the Asian marsh, smitten, far away
is set ringing.

nec quisquam aeratas acies examine tanto
misceri putet, aeriam sed gurgite ab alto
urgeri volucrum raucarum ad litora nubem. 705

nor let anyone think that brazen battle-lines are being mingled by so great a swarm,
but rather that an airy cloud of hoarse birds is being driven from the deep surge
to the shores. 705

Ecce Sabinorum prisco de sanguine magnum
agmen agens Clausus magnique ipse agminis instar,
Claudia nunc a quo diffunditur et tribus et gens
per Latium, postquam in partem data Roma Sabinis.
una ingens Amiterna cohors priscique Quirites,               710
Ereti manus omnis oliviferaeque Mutuscae;
qui Nomentum urbem, qui Rosea rura Velini,
qui Tetricae horrentis rupes montemque Severum
Casperiamque colunt Forulosque et flumen Himellae,
qui Tiberim Fabarimque bibunt, quos frigida misit               715
Nursia, et Ortinae classes populique Latini,
quosque secans infaustum interluit Allia nomen:
quam multi Libyco volvuntur marmore fluctus
saevus ubi Orion hibernis conditur undis,
vel cum sole novo densae torrentur aristae               720

Behold, from the ancient blood of the Sabines, a great
column leading, Clausus—and he himself the very image of a great column—,
from whom now the Claudia both tribe and gens
is spread through Latium, after Rome was given in part to the Sabines.
together a huge Amiternine cohort and the ancient Quirites,               710
the whole band of Eretum and of olive-bearing Mutusca;
those who the city of Nomentum, who the rosy fields of Velinus,
who the crags of bristling Tetrica and Mount Severus,
and who inhabit Casperia and Foruli and the river of Himella,
who drink the Tiber and the Fabarus, whom chilly Nursia sent,               715
and the Ortine levies and the Latin peoples,
and those whom, cutting through, the Allia with its ill-omened name bathes between:
as many as waves are rolled on Libyan marble,
where savage Orion is hidden beneath wintry waves,
or when, with the new sun, dense ears of grain are parched.               720

aut Hermi campo aut Lyciae flaventibus arvis.
scuta sonant pulsuque pedum conterrita tellus.

either on the plain of the Hermus or on Lycia’s blond fields.
shields ring, and the earth is terrified by the beat of feet.

Hinc Agamemnonius, Troiani nominis hostis,
curru iungit Halaesus equos Turnoque ferocis
mille rapit populos, vertunt felicia Baccho 725
Massica qui rastris, et quos de collibus altis
Aurunci misere patres Sidicinaque iuxta
aequora, quique Cales linquunt amnisque vadosi
accola Volturni, pariterque Saticulus asper
Oscorumque manus. teretes sunt aclydes illis 730
tela, sed haec lento mos est aptare flagello.
laevas caetra tegit, falcati comminus enses.

Hence the Agamemnonian, enemy of the Trojan name,
Halaesus yokes his horses to the chariot, and for Turnus
he sweeps along a thousand fierce peoples; they who with rakes turn the Massic lands fortunate in Bacchus 725
those who with rakes [till] the Massic [fields], and those whom from the high hills
the Auruncan fathers have sent, and near the Sidicinian
plains, and who leave Cales, and the dweller by the shallow-streamed river
Volturnus, and likewise rugged Saticula and the band of the Oscans.
Their missiles are well-turned aclydes 730
as weapons; but it is their custom to fit these with a pliant thong.
a caetra covers the left side, and at close quarters sickle-curved swords.

Nec tu carminibus nostris indictus abibis,
Oebale, quem generasse Telon Sebethide nympha
fertur, Teleboum Capreas cum regna teneret, 735
iam senior; patriis sed non et filius arvis
contentus late iam tum dicione premebat
Sarrastis populos et quae rigat aequora Sarnus,
quique Rufras Batulumque tenent atque arva Celemnae,
et quos maliferae despectant moenia Abellae, 740
Teutonico ritu soliti torquere cateias;
tegmina quis capitum raptus de subere cortex
aerataeque micant peltae, micat aereus ensis.

Nor shall you depart unmentioned by our songs,
Oebalus, whom Telon is said to have begotten by the Sebethid nymph,
when, already an old man, he held the realms of Capri of the Teleboans; 735
but the son, not content with his ancestral fields,
already then was pressing far and wide under his dominion
the Sarrastian peoples and the waters which the Sarnus irrigates,
and those who hold Rufrae and Batulum and the fields of Celemna,
and those whom the walls of apple-bearing Abella look down upon, 740
accustomed, by Teutonic rite, to hurl the cateias;
for whom the covering of their heads is bark snatched from cork,
and bronze-plated peltae gleam, and a brazen sword gleams.

Et te montosae misere in proelia Nersae,
Ufens, insignem fama et felicibus armis, 745
horrida praecipue cui gens adsuetaque multo
venatu nemorum, duris Aequicula glaebis.
armati terram exercent semperque recentis
convectare iuvat praedas et vivere rapto.

And you, too, the mountainous Nersae sent into battles,
Ufens, distinguished in fame and in felicitous arms, 745
whose tribe is grim, and especially accustomed to much
hunting of the woods, on the hard Aequiculan glebes.
Armed they till the earth, and it pleases them always
to carry together fresh spoils and to live by rapine.

Quin et Marruvia venit de gente sacerdos               750
fronde super galeam et felici comptus oliva
Archippi regis missu, fortissimus Umbro,
vipereo generi et graviter spirantibus hydris
spargere qui somnos cantuque manuque solebat,
mulcebatque iras et morsus arte levabat.               755
sed non Dardaniae medicari cuspidis ictum
evaluit neque eum iuvere in vulnera cantus
somniferi et Marsis quaesitae montibus herbae.
te nemus Angitiae, vitrea te Fucinus unda,
te liquidi flevere lacus.               760

Nay, even a priest came from the Marrubian race,               750
with foliage above his helmet and adorned with felicitous olive,
sent by King Archippus, Umbro most brave,
who was wont to sprinkle sleep upon the viperine brood and the snakes breathing grievously,
by chant and by hand, and he would soothe their wraths and lighten their bites by art.               755
But he did not prevail to medicate the stroke of a Dardanian spear-point,
nor did sleep-bringing incantations and the herbs sought on the Marsian mountains help him in his wounds.
You the grove of Angitia, you the glassy wave of Fucinus,
you the limpid lakes wept for.               760

Ibat et Hippolyti proles pulcherrima bello,
Virbius, insignem quem mater Aricia misit,
eductum Egeriae lucis umentia circum
litora, pinguis ubi et placabilis ara Dianae.
namque ferunt fama Hippolytum, postquam arte novercae               765
occiderit patriasque explerit sanguine poenas
turbatis distractus equis, ad sidera rursus
aetheria et superas caeli venisse sub auras,
Paeoniis revocatum herbis et amore Dianae.
tum pater omnipotens aliquem indignatus ab umbris               770
mortalem infernis ad lumina surgere vitae,
ipse repertorem medicinae talis et artis
fulmine Phoebigenam Stygias detrusit ad undas.
at Trivia Hippolytum secretis alma recondit
sedibus et nymphae Egeriae nemorique relegat,               775

There also went to war the most beautiful offspring of Hippolytus,
Virbius, whom mother Aricia sent, distinguished by fame,
brought up around the dewy shores of Egeria’s grove,
where the rich and placable altar of Diana is.
for they say by report that Hippolytus, after by the art of his stepmother               765
he had perished and paid the paternal penalties with his blood,
torn apart by horses thrown into confusion, again to the ethereal stars
and had come up beneath the upper airs of heaven,
recalled by Paeonian herbs and by the love of Diana.
then the omnipotent father, indignant that any mortal from the shades               770
should rise to the lights of life in the infernal realm,
himself with a thunderbolt thrust the Phoebus-born, the discoverer
of such medicine and art, down to the Stygian waves.
but Trivia, kindly, hides Hippolytus in secret seats
and banishes him to the nymph Egeria and to the grove,               775

solus ubi in silvis Italis ignobilis aevum
exigeret versoque ubi nomine Virbius esset.
unde etiam templo Triviae lucisque sacratis
cornipedes arcentur equi, quod litore currum
et iuvenem monstris pavidi effudere marinis. 780
filius ardentis haud setius aequore campi
exercebat equos curruque in bella ruebat.

where alone in the Italian woods he might pass an inglorious age,
and where, with his name turned, he was Virbius.
whence also from the temple of Trivia and the consecrated groves
hoof‑footed horses are kept away, because on the shore
they, frightened by sea‑monsters, spilled the chariot and the youth. 780
the son, nonetheless, on the blazing level of the plain
was exercising his horses and was rushing by chariot into wars.

Ipse inter primos praestanti corpore Turnus
vertitur arma tenens et toto vertice supra est.
cui triplici crinita iuba galea alta Chimaeram               785
sustinet Aetnaeos efflantem faucibus ignis;
tam magis illa fremens et tristibus effera flammis
quam magis effuso crudescunt sanguine pugnae.
at levem clipeum sublatis cornibus Io
auro insignibat, iam saetis obsita, iam bos,               790
argumentum ingens, et custos virginis Argus,
caelataque amnem fundens pater Inachus urna.
insequitur nimbus peditum clipeataque totis
agmina densentur campis, Argivaque pubes
Auruncaeque manus, Rutuli veteresque Sicani,               795

Turnus himself among the foremost, of outstanding physique,
wheels about holding arms and is above by a whole head.
whose high helmet with a triple-maned crest bears a Chimaera               785
breathing Aetnean fires from her jaws;
the more the battles grow cruel with outpoured blood,
the more that creature roars, wild with grim flames.
But on his light shield he was emblazoning Io with uplifted horns,
in gold, now overgrown with bristles, now a cow,               790
a mighty emblem, and Argus, the maiden’s guardian,
and Father Inachus engraved, pouring the river from an urn.
A nimbus of footmen follows, and shield-bearing ranks
are thickened over all the fields, the Argive youth
and the Auruncan bands, the Rutulians and the ancient Sicanians.               795

et Sacranae acies et picti scuta Labici;
qui saltus, Tiberine, tuos sacrumque Numici
litus arant Rutulosque exercent vomere collis
Circaeumque iugum, quis Iuppiter Anxurus arvis
praesidet et viridi gaudens Feronia luco; 800
qua Saturae iacet atra palus gelidusque per imas
quaerit iter vallis atque in mare conditur Ufens.

and the Sacran battle-lines and the painted shields of the Labici;
who plough your glades, Tiberinus, and the sacred shore of the Numicus,
and with the ploughshare work the Rutulian hills and the Circaean ridge, over whose fields Jupiter Anxurus presides and Feronia rejoicing in her green grove; 800
where the black marsh of Satura lies, and the chilly Ufens seeks a path through the deepest of the valley and is hidden in the sea.

Hos super advenit Volsca de gente Camilla
agmen agens equitum et florentis aere catervas,
bellatrix, non illa colo calathisve Minervae               805
femineas adsueta manus, sed proelia virgo
dura pati cursuque pedum praevertere ventos.
illa vel intactae segetis per summa volaret
gramina nec teneras cursu laesisset aristas,
vel mare per medium fluctu suspensa tumenti               810
ferret iter celeris nec tingeret aequore plantas.
illam omnis tectis agrisque effusa iuventus
turbaque miratur matrum et prospectat euntem,
attonitis inhians animis ut regius ostro
velet honos levis umeros, ut fibula crinem               815

Over and above these there arrives Camilla from the Volscian race,
driving a column of horsemen and cohorts flourishing with bronze,
a bellatrix, she not accustomed to Minerva’s distaff and baskets               805
for feminine hands, but a maiden to endure hard battles
and to outrun the winds by the running of her feet.
She would either fly over the topmost grasses of an untouched harvest
and would not with her running have injured the tender ears of grain,
or would carry her path through the midst of the sea, poised on the swelling wave,               810
swift, and would not dip her soles in the level water.
At her all the youth, poured forth from roofs and fields,
and a crowd of matrons marvel and watch her going,
gaping with astonished minds, how royal honor with purple
veils her light shoulders, how the fibula her hair               815

auro internectat, Lyciam ut gerat ipsa pharetram
et pastoralem praefixa cuspide myrtum.

with gold it interlaces, Lycian that she herself bears a quiver
and a pastoral myrtle with a cusp affixed.