Theodosius: Liber VII

CTh.7.1.0. De re militari
CTh.7.2.0. Quid probare debeant ad quamcumque militiam venientes
CTh.7.3.0. Quis in gradu praeferatur
CTh.7.4.0. De erogatione militaris annonae
CTh.7.5.0. De excoctione et translatione annonarum
CTh.7.6.0. De militari veste
CTh.7.7.0. De pascuis
CTh.7.8.0. De metatis
CTh.7.9.0. De salgamo hospitibus non praebendo
CTh.7.10.0. Ne quis in palatiis maneat
CTh.7.11.0. Ne comitibus et tribunis lavacra praestentur.
CTh.7.12.0. De commeatu
CTh.7.13.0. De tironibus
CTh.7.14.0. De burgariis
CTh.7.15.0. De terris limitaneis
CTh.7.16.0. De litorum et itinerum custodia
CTh.7.17.0. De lusoriis danuvii
CTh.7.18.0. De desertoribus et occultatoribus eorum
CTh.7.19.0. De saturianis et subafrensibus et occultatoribus eorum
CTh.7.20.0. De veteranis
CTh.7.21.0. De testimoniali ex tribunis et protectoribus
CTh.7.22.0. De filiis militarium apparitorum et veteranorum
CTh.7.23.0. De oblatione equorum.
CTh.7.24.0. De oblatione votorum

CTh.7.1.0. On military affairs
CTh.7.2.0. What those coming to whatever military service ought to prove
CTh.7.3.0. Who should be preferred in rank
CTh.7.4.0. On the disbursement of the military annona (ration)
CTh.7.5.0. On the cooking and transport of rations
CTh.7.6.0. On military clothing
CTh.7.7.0. On pastures
CTh.7.8.0. On metata (billeting-stations)
CTh.7.9.0. On not furnishing brine (salgama) to guests
CTh.7.10.0. That no one remain in the palaces
CTh.7.11.0. That baths not be provided to counts and tribunes.
CTh.7.12.0. On leave (furlough)
CTh.7.13.0. On recruits
CTh.7.14.0. On burgarii (fortlet-guards)
CTh.7.15.0. On frontier lands
CTh.7.16.0. On the guard of coasts and roads
CTh.7.17.0. On the Danube’s patrol boats (lusoriae)
CTh.7.18.0. On deserters and their concealers
CTh.7.19.0. On the Saturiani and Subafrenses and their concealers
CTh.7.20.0. On veterans
CTh.7.21.0. On a testimonial from tribunes and protectores
CTh.7.22.0. On the sons of military apparitors and veterans
CTh.7.23.0. On the offering of horses.
CTh.7.24.0. On the offering of vows

CTh.7.1.0. De re militari

CTh.7.1.0. On military affairs

CTh.7.1.1 [=brev.7.1.1]

Imp. constantinus a. et caesar .... si quis barbaris scelerata factione facultatem depraedationis in romanos dederit, vel si quis alio modo factam diviserit, vivus comburatur. dat.

The emperor Constantine, Augustus, and the Caesar .... if anyone, by a criminal faction, shall have given to barbarians the opportunity of depredation upon Romans, or if anyone shall in any other way have divided what has been taken, let him be burned alive. Given.

iv. kal. mai. severo et rufino coss.

4th day before the Kalends of May, severus and rufinus, consuls.

interpretatio. si quis cum quibuslibet hostibus praedas egerit aut praedam cum praedonibus diviserit, incendio concremetur

interpretation. if anyone, with any enemies whatsoever, has driven off booty or has divided booty with brigands, let him be cremated by fire

CTh.7.1.2

Imp. constantius a. ad silvanum comitem et magistrum equitum et peditum. si quis miles per commeatum dimissus fuerit a tribuno vel praeposito aut inconsulto eodem ab obsequio militari signisque discesserit, per singulos milites tribuni et praepositi quina pondo auri fisco inferant.

Emperor Constantius Augustus to Silvanus, count and master of cavalry and infantry. If any soldier shall have been dismissed on leave by a tribune or a provost, or, without that same being consulted, shall have departed from military service and the standards, for each individual soldier the tribunes and provosts shall pay five pounds of gold into the fisc.

dat. vi kal. iun.

Given on the 6th day before the Kalends of June.

sirmio limenio et catullino conss. (349 [?] mai. 27).

At Sirmium; in the consulship of Limenius and Catullinus (349 [?] May 27).

CTh.7.1.3

Theodosian Code 7.1.3

Idem a. ad titianum praefectum praetorio. quicumque militum ex nostra auctoritate familias suas ad se venire meruerint, non amplius quam coniugia liberos, servos etiam de peculio castrensi emptos neque adscriptos censibus ad eosdem excellentia tua dirigi faciat. dat.

The same Augustus to Titianus, Praetorian Prefect. Whoever among the soldiers, by our authority, have merited that their families come to them, no more
than spouses and children, and slaves too purchased from the military peculium and not enrolled in the censuses, your Excellency shall cause to be directed to those same men. Given.

iii kal. iun. limenio et catullino conss.

3 days before the Kalends of June.
In the consulship of Limenius and Catullinus.

(349 mai. 30).

(349 May 30).

CTh.7.1.4

Idem a. ad cretionem virum clarissimum comitem. quamvis omni tempore opera dari debuerit, ne sacramentis militaribus spretis otio traderentur qui nec stipendiorum numero nec contraria corporis valetudine quiete perfrui debent, tamen prudentiae tuae prosecutione admissa, quae apud nos verbis facta est, praecipimus, ut, qui ante stipendia emensa vel integra corporis valetudine otio mancipati sunt, restituantur pristinis numeris. dat.

The same Augustus to Cretion, a most illustrious man, count. although at all times service ought to have been rendered, lest, with the military oaths spurned, those who ought not to enjoy repose either by the count of their terms of service or by adverse bodily health be handed over to idleness, nevertheless, the prosecution of your prudence having been admitted, which was made before us in words, we order that those who, before their terms were completed, or with sound bodily health, have been consigned to idleness be restored to their former units. Given.

v kal. iul. sergio et nigriniano conss.

on the 5th day before the Kalends of July (June 27), in the consulship of Sergius and Nigrinianus, consuls.

(350 iun. 27).

(350 June 27).

CTh.7.1.5

Theodosian Code 7.1.5

Impp. valentinianus et valens aa. eorum liberos, qui armis inhaeserunt, ad usum bellicum et castra revocantes eis quoque eorum stipendiorum copiam deferemus, qui alterius gradus militia salutarem maxime rei publicae operam persecuntur. quod si quosdam aut inbecillitas valitudinis aut habitudo corporis aut mediocritas proceritatis ab armatae militiae condicione submoverit, eos iubemus in officiis ceteris militare.

The Emperors Valentinian and Valens, Augusti: recalling to war-use and to the camp the sons of those who have adhered to arms, we will also bestow upon them the supply of stipends, who, in a soldiery of a different grade, prosecute service most salutary to the commonwealth. But if weakness of health, or the habit of the body, or a mediocrity of tallness should remove certain persons from the condition of armed soldiery, we order them to serve in the other offices.

nam si post definitam a nobis aetatem ignobile otium adamaverint, curiis obnoxii erunt sine controversia pro virium qualitate, ita ut ii, quos debilitas fortuita aut morbus et corporis valitudo confecta ita enervaverit, ut ad usum castrorum militiaeque idonei esse non possint, vacationem perpetuam depulsis curialium munerum sollicitudinibus consequantur. et cetera. dat.

for if, after the age defined by us, they shall have loved ignoble leisure, they will be subject to the curiae without controversy in proportion to the quality of their powers, in such a way that those whom a fortuitous debility or disease and an exhausted state of body has so enervated that they cannot be fit for the use of the camp
and for military service, shall obtain a perpetual exemption, the anxieties of curial burdens having been driven away. and the rest. given.

iii k. mai. hadrianopoli divo ioviano at varroniano conss. (364 apr.

3
days before the Kalends of May at Hadrianopolis, under the consuls the deified Jovian and Varronianus (364 apr.

29).

CTh.7.1.6pr.

Theodosian Code 7.1.6pr.

Idem aa. mauris sitifensibus. si quis armatae sacramenta militiae impigro quinquennii labore pertulerit, avo licet ac patre sit decurione progenitus, ab omni nexu curiali personam dumtaxat propriam vindicaverit. (? 368?

the same augusti, to the Sitifensian Mauri. if anyone has borne the sacraments (oath) of armed military service with the energetic toil of five years, although he be begotten from a grandfather and a father who are decurions, he shall have vindicated his person—only his own—from every curial bond. (? 368?

370? 373? apr.

370? 373? Apr.

23).

CTh.7.1.6.1

Theodosian Code 7.1.6.1

Diversis autem officiis servientes quinque et viginti annis in militia decursis pari securitate donamus. et cetera. dat.

Moreover, those serving in diverse offices, when twenty-five years in military service have been completed, we grant equal security. and the rest. given.

viiii k. mai. treveris valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (? 368?

9 days before the Kalends of May, at Trier
in the consulship of Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, consuls. (? 368?)

370? 373? apr.

370? 373? april.

23).

CTh.7.1.7

Theodosian Code 7.1.7

Idem aa. iovio magistro equitum et peditum. plures de diversis numeris ante impleta stipendia ad indebitos honores suffragiorum ambitione perveniunt. sive igitur eos purpuram adorasse constabit sive excepisse aliquas dignitates, eo quem ceperint honore solvantur, ita ut, qui ceteros in labore positos festina cupiditate transierint, nec testimonium quidem emeriti laboris accipiant.

The same Augusti, to Jovius, master of cavalry and infantry. Many from diverse units, before their stipends have been completed, reach unowed honors through the ambition of suffrages. Therefore, whether it shall be established that they have adored the purple or have accepted certain dignities, let them be released from the honor which they have taken, so that those who, in hasty desire, have passed by others set in labor receive not even the testimonial of earned service.

quod si aliquibus fortasse rationibus adtinentur impliciti, ad eos numeros, de quibus per ambitionem exierant, revertantur. dat. prid.

but if by some
perhaps reasons they are held entangled, let them revert to those units from which they had gone out through ambition. Given the day before.

kal. iun. mediolano valentiniano et valente aa. conss.

on the Kalends of June, at Milan
in the consulship of Valentinian and Valens, emperors.

(365 mai. 31).

(365 May 31).

CTh.7.1.8

Idem aa. ad edquitium comitem et magistrum militum. omnibus omnino veteranis auctoritas tua denuntiet, quod, si quis filium suum armorum honore condignum non propria voluntate militiae, quam ipse sudarit, obtulerit, nostrae sit legis laqueis implicandus. dat.

The same Emperors to the Count of the Horse and the Master of Soldiers. Let your authority give notice to absolutely all veterans, that, if anyone shall have offered his son, worthy of the honor of arms, not by his own will, to the military service in which he himself has toiled, he is to be entangled in the snares of our law. Given.

viii kal. oct. heracleae valentiniano et valente aa. conss.

24 September, at Heraclea, under the consulship of the emperors Valentinian and Valens.

(365 sept. 24).

(365 September 24).

CTh.7.1.9

Idem aa. ad iovinum magistrum equitum. tam duces quam etiam comites et quibus rheni est mandata custodia sinceritas tua protinus admonebit, ut neque regalibus neque legatis sua milites iumenta subpeditent. etenim cum propriis animalibus eo usque veniendum est, ubi obsequium cursuale succedit.

The same emperors to Jovinus, Master of Horse. Your Sincerity will immediately admonish both the duces and also the comites and those to whom the custody of the Rhine has been entrusted, that the soldiers do not supply their own pack-animals either to royal envoys or to legates. For indeed they must come with their own animals up to the point where the service of the cursus takes over.

sane sollicitudinem competentem auctoritas tua iubebit adhiberi, ut eorum pecoribus, ubi collocaverint mansionem, alimenta non desint. dat. iiii kal.

indeed your authority will order that appropriate solicitude be applied, so that for their herds, wherever they have established their quarters, fodder may not be lacking. Given on the 4th day before the Kalends.

feb. remis lupicino et iovino conss. (367 ian.

feb. at Reims, in the consulship of Lupicinus and Jovinus. (367 Jan.

29).

CTh.7.1.10

Theodosian Code 7.1.10

Idem aa. ad iovinum magistrum militum. plerique milites secum homines condicionis ingenuae propinquitate simulata vel condicione lixarum frequenter abducunt: ideoque, ut numerosissima pube crescat exercitus, moneantur, ut ipsi sponte huiuscemodi homines, quos penes se esse meminerint, tribunis suis sive praepositis offerant ad tuum officium dirigendos, aut sciant se non absque devotionis nota et morsu honoris alieni commilitonibus esse postponendos. etenim his, qui occultatores perfidos publicaverint, pro praemio huius indicii gradus unus addetur, hi vero ad inferiorem ordinem revolventur, qui castris idoneos iuvenes studio inertis obsequii putaverint occulendos.

the same emperors to jovinus, master of soldiers. many soldiers frequently carry off with them men of ingenuous (freeborn) condition, with kinship feigned or under the condition of lixae (camp-followers): and therefore, that the army may grow with a most numerous youth, let them be admonished to of their own accord offer such men, whom they remember to be in their keeping, to their tribunes or superiors, to be directed to your office, or let them know that they are to be set after their fellow-soldiers not without a stigma upon their devotion and a bite upon another’s honor. for indeed to those who shall have exposed perfidious concealers, as a reward for this disclosure one grade will be added, but they will be rolled back to a lower order who shall have thought that youths fit for the camp ought to be hidden out of a zeal of inert obsequiousness.

dat. xvi kal. mart.

dated, the 16th day before the Kalends of March.

remis lupicino et iovino conss. (367 febr. 14).

at Reims, in the consulship of Lupicinus and Jovinus (367 February 14).

CTh.7.1.11

Theodosian Code 7.1.11

Idem aa. ad severum magistrum militum. ii, qui inter adcrescentes matriculis adtinentur, tamdiu alimoniam a parentibus sumant, quoad gerendis armis idonei fuerint aestimati, ita ut cesset super eorum nomine praebitio fiscalis annonae. dat.

The same Augusti to Severus, Master of Soldiers. Those who, among the accrescents, are attached to the rolls shall take aliment from their parents, so long as
they have been judged fit for bearing arms, such that the provision of the fiscal annona ceases with respect to their name. Given.

viii kal. mai. treviris modesto et arintheo conss.

April 24, at Trier, Modestus and
Arintheus, consuls.

(372 apr. 24).

(April 24, 372).

CTh.7.1.12

Theodosian Code 7.1.12

Imppp. gratianus, valentinianus et theodosius aaa. cynegio praefecto praetorio.

The Emperors Gratian, Valentinian, and Theodosius, Augusti, to Cynegius, Praetorian Prefect

tribuni vel milites nullam evagandi per possessiones habeant facultatem; cum signis propriis in mansionibus solitis ac publicis maneant: aut si quis tam necessaria scita contempserit, de eo ac tribuno eius ad nostram scientiam rectorum ac defensorum relationibus protinus deferatur. dat. iiii id. april.

Tribunes or soldiers shall have no faculty of wandering about through estates;
with their own ensigns they shall remain in the customary and public mansions (posting-stations): or if anyone has despised such necessary decrees, concerning him and
his tribune let it be forthwith reported to our knowledge by the reports of the governors and defenders. Given on the 4th day before the Ides of April.

constantinopoli richomere et clearcho conss. (384 apr. 10).

at constantinople richomer and clearchus consuls. (384 apr. 10).

CTh.7.1.13

Idem aaa. richomeri comiti et magistro utriusque militiae. cum supra virentes fluminum ripas omnis legionum multitudo consistit, id provida auctoritate decernimus, ut nullus omnino inmundo fimo sordidatis fluentis commune poculum polluat neve abluendo equorum sudore deproperus publicos oculos nudatus incestet atque ita et turbido potum caeno misceat et confundat aspectum, sed procul a cunctorum obtutibus in inferioribus partibus fluviorum, id est infra tentoria vagos natatus animalium, prouti libitum videtur, exerceat.

The same Augusti to Richomer, count and master of both militias. Since the whole multitude of the legions is stationed upon the green banks of the rivers, we decree this by provident authority: that no one at all pollute the common cup of the streams, befouled with unclean dung, nor, in his haste to wash off the sweat of the horses, laid bare, defile the public eyes, and thus both mix the drink with turbid mud and confound the sight; but far from the gaze of all, in the lower parts of the rivers, that is, below the tents, let him, as it seems pleasing, conduct the free swim of the animals.

sublimis igitur magnificentia tua id sollicitudinis studio et admonitionis praecepto faciet custodiri, ut unusquisque tribunus agnoscat gravi se subdendum esse supplicio, in cuius parte neglectum probabitur quod agnoscit imperatum. dat. vi kal.

Exalted therefore, Your Magnificence will cause this to be kept by zeal of solicitude and by the precept of admonition, so that each tribune may acknowledge that he must be subjected to grave
punishment, on whose side the neglect shall be proved in regard to that which he acknowledges as commanded. Given on the 6th day before the Kalends.

iun. vincentiae tatiano et symmacho conss. (391 mai.

jun. at vicentia under tatianus and
symmachus, consuls. (391 may.

27).

CTh.7.1.14

Codex Theodosianus 7.1.14

Imppp. theodosius, arcadius et honorius aaa. theodoto magistro officiorum.

the emperors theodosius, arcadius and honorius, the augusti, to theodotus, master of the offices.

quicumque infantes vel pueri militare coeperunt, sterni eos inter ultimos iussimus, ita ut ex eo tempore, ex quo parere coeperint, locum sibi incipiant vindicare, ut laborum suffragiis incrementa militiae consequantur. dat. iii kal.

whoever infants or boys have begun to serve as soldiers, we have ordered that they be ranked among the last,
in such a way that from that time, from which they shall have begun to obey, they may begin to vindicate a place for themselves, so that by the suffrages of their labors they may obtain increments
of military service. Given on the 3rd day before the Kalends.

mai. constantinopoli arcadio iii et honorio ii aa. conss. (394 apr.

may. at constantinople, under arcadius 3 and honorius 2, augusti, consuls. (394 apr.

29).

CTh.7.1.15

Theodosian Code 7.1.15

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. remistheo duci armeniae. si quis posthac militem in privato obsequio repertus fuerit retinere, quinque libras auri multae nomine feriatur.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Remistheus, duke of Armenia. If anyone hereafter shall be found to retain a soldier in private attendance, let him be mulcted in the sum of five pounds of gold.

dat. xii kal. mart.

Dated on the 12th day before the Kalends of March.

constantinopoli arcadio iiii et honorio iii aa. conss. (396 febr. 18).

at constantinople, when arcadius for the 4th time and honorius for the 3rd, the augusti, were consuls. (396 february 18).

CTh.7.1.16

Idem aa. theofilo vicario asiae. si quos milites per provincias relictis propriis numeris passim vagari cognoveris, correptos facias custodiri, donec de his clementiae nostrae auribus intimetur et quid fieri oporteat decernamus; ita ut, si quis miles in provincia sine suo numero repertus fuerit ac post elapsus esse nuntiabitur, facultatum suarum, periculo totius officii, condemnatione gravissime vindicetur. dat.

The same emperors to Theophilus, vicarius of Asia. If you should learn that any soldiers, their own numbers left behind, are wandering everywhere through the provinces, you shall have them, once seized, kept in custody, until it is intimated to the ears of our clemency about them and we decree what ought to be done; in such a way that, if any soldier shall be found in the province without his own number and afterwards is reported to have escaped, he shall be most gravely punished by condemnation of his resources, with the entire office at peril. Given.

v kal. feb. constantinopoli honorio a. iiii et eutychiano conss.

on the 5th day before the Kalends of February, at Constantinople, Honorius, Augustus, 4, and Eutychianus, consuls.

(398 ian. 28).

(398 Jan. 28).

CTh.7.1.17pr.

Codex Theodosianus 7.1.17, preface.

Idem aa. romuliano praefecto urbi. si qui miles ex his, qui praesentes divino obsequio nostrae clementiae deputati sunt et qui in hac esse urbe praesente comitatu concessi sunt quive de aliis numeris vel legionibus sunt, repertus fuerit vel sibi vacans vel alieno obsequio contentus, nobis ilico nuntietur, ita ut conscii, qui talium praesentiam non praebuerint, viginti libras auri sciant esse se multandos. (398 febr.

The same Augusti to Romulianus, Prefect of the City. If any soldier from those who in person have been assigned to the divine attendance of our clemency and who have been permitted to be in this city with the present retinue, or who are from other corps or legions, shall be found either idle for himself or content with another’s attendance, let it be reported to us immediately, in such a way that those privy, who shall not have produced the presence of such men, may know that they are to be fined twenty pounds of gold. (398 febr.

1).

CTh.7.1.17.1

Sin vero quisquam missus a numero vel a tribuno ad comitatum serenitatis nostrae pervenerit, ilico se viris illustribus comitibus offerre festinet et causas profectionis exponat, ut et responsum caeleste mereatur et citam remeandi accipiat facultatem. dat. kal.

But if indeed anyone, sent by a numerus or by a tribune, shall have arrived at the comitatus of Our Serenity, let him immediately hasten to offer himself to the illustrious men, the Counts, and set forth the causes of the departure, so that he may both merit the heavenly response and receive the ability to return quickly. Given on the Kalends.

feb. constantinopoli honorio a. iiii et eutychiano conss. (398 febr.

Feb. at Constantinople, under Honorius Augustus for the 4th time and Eutychianus, consuls. (398 Febr.

1).

CTh.7.1.18

Theodosian Code 7.1.18

Idem aa. stilichoni magistro militum. contra publicam utilitatem nolumus a numeris ad alios numeros milites nostros transferri. sciant igitur comites vel duces, quibus regendae militiae cura commissa est, non solum de comitatensibus ac palatinis numeris ad alios numeros militem transferri non licere, sed ne de ipsis quidem pseudocomitatensibus legionibus seu de ripariensibus castricianis ceterisque cuiquam eorum transferendi militem copiam adtributam, quia honoris augmentum non ambitione, sed labore ad unumquemque convenit devenire.

The same Augusti to Stilicho, master of soldiers. Contrary to the public utility, we do not wish our soldiers to be transferred from numbers to other numbers. Let them know,
therefore—the counts or the dukes, to whom the care of governing the military has been entrusted—that it is not permitted not only for a soldier to be transferred from the comitatenses and palatine numbers to other numbers,
but that not even from the pseudocomitatenses legions themselves or from the riparian castricians and the rest has the permission of transferring a soldier been attributed to any of them,
because an increase of honor ought to come to each person not by ambition, but by labor.

quod si qui contra fecerint, per singulos milites singulas auri libras a se noverint exigendas. dat. xiiii kal.

But if any shall have acted contrary, let them know that for each soldier a single pound of gold is to be exacted from themselves. Given on the 14th day before the Kalends.

april. mediolano stilichone et aureliano conss. (400 mart.

april. at milan, stilicho and aurelian, consuls.
(400 march.

19).

CTh.7.2.0. Quid probare debeant ad quamcumque militiam venientes

CTh.7.2.0. What those coming to any military service ought to prove

CTh.7.2.1

Imppp. gratianus, valentinianus et theodosius aaa. postumiano praefecto praetorio.

the emperors gratian, valentinian and theodosius, the augusti, to postumianus, praetorian prefect.

quotiescumque se aliquis militiae crediderit offerendum, statim de natalibus ipsius ac de omni vitae condicione examen habeatur, ita ut domum genus non dissimulet et parentes. nec tamen huic ipsi rei nisi honestissimorum hominum testimonio adstipulante credatur: ita enim fiet, ut et curias nemo declinet et ad militiam nullus adspiret, nisi quem penitus liberum aut genere aut vitae condicione inquisitio tam cauta deprehenderit. dat.

Whenever anyone offers himself for military service, at once an examination shall be held concerning his birth and the whole condition of his life, in such a way that he not conceal his household, lineage, and parents. Nor, however, shall credence be given to this very matter unless the testimony of the most honorable men corroborates it: for thus it will come about that no one shirks the curiae and that no one aspires to the military service, unless a scrutiny so cautious has discovered him to be truly free either by lineage or by condition of life. Given.

xiiii kal. aug. constantinopoli merobaude ii et saturnino conss.

on the 14th day before the kalends of august (july 19), at constantinople, in the consulship of merobaudes for the 2nd time and saturninus, consuls.

(383 iul. 19).

(383 July 19).

CTh.7.2.2

Idem aaa. ad neoterium praefectum praetorio. quisquis cinguli sacramenta desiderat, in ea urbe, qua natus est vel in qua domicilium collocat, primitus acta conficiat et se ostendat non patre, non avo esse municipe penitusque ab ordinis necessitatibus alienum, sciturus se in perpetuum revocandum nec temporis nec militiae praerogativa, si ita non gesserit, defendendum.

The same Augusti to Neoterius, Praetorian Prefect. Whoever desires the sacraments of the belt, in that city where he was born or in which he places his domicile, let him first have the records drawn up and show that he is a municipalis neither by father nor by grandfather and wholly alien from the necessities of the order, knowing that he will be recalled in perpetuity and that by neither the prerogative of time nor of military service, if he shall not have conducted himself thus, will he be defended.

ordines etiam urbium noverint, si cuiquam praestitisse se gratiam doceantur ac non vera actis promendo per mendacium quemquam abire permiserint, se periculo subiacere. dat. vi id. iul.

Let the orders of the cities also know, if
they are shown to have afforded favor to anyone and, by not proffering true things in the acts, have permitted anyone to depart by a lie, that they are subject to peril. Given on 10 July.

mediolano arcadio a. i et bautone conss. (385 iul. 10).

at Milan, Arcadius (1) and Bauto, consuls. (385 July 10).

CTh.7.3.0. Quis in gradu praeferatur

CTh.7.3.0. Who is to be preferred in rank

CTh.7.3.1

Imppp. theodosius, arcadius et honorius aaa. rufino praefecto praetorio.

emperors theodosius, arcadius and honorius, augusti, to rufinus, praetorian prefect.

in omnibus, qui militiae nomen dederunt, ratio est habenda meritorum, ut is potissimum potiorem adipiscatur gradum, qui meruerit de labore suffragium, nec quaeratur, quis militarit primus, sed quis manserit in studio apparitionis adsiduus. dat. prid.

In all cases of those who have enrolled for military service, account must be had of merits, so that he above all may attain the superior grade who has earned by labor the suffrage; nor let it be inquired who was the first to serve, but who has remained assiduous in zeal for apparitorial service. Given the day before.

id. feb. constantinopoli theodosio a. iii et abundantio v. c. conss. (393 febr.

the Ides of Feb., at Constantinople, in the consulship of Theodosius Augustus, 3, and Abundantius, most distinguished man, consuls. (393 Feb.

12).

CTh.7.3.2

Theodosian Code 7.3.2

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. anthemio praefecto praetorio. cum alios in altiores militiae gradus iugis observatio, nonnullos in eadem militiae statione caeleste pervexisset oraculum ac tempore provehendae dignitatis exoreretur contentio, quisnam prior incederet quisve subsequeretur, cum uterque pari eiusdem gradus niteretur auspicio, non inmerito placuit, ut, quotiens codicillis vel sacris affatibus ullus ex alio ad alium gradum cum isdem stipendiis emigrarit, triennio ei postponatur, quem sors militiae in eum progressum duxerit.

The Emperors Honorius and Theodosius, Augusti, to Anthemius, Praetorian Prefect. Since some have been borne to higher grades of military service by continual observance, while others have been carried by the heavenly oracle into the same military station; and when, at the time of advancing dignity, a contention would arise as to who should go first and who should follow, since each relied on an equal auspice of the same grade, it has seemed not without merit that, whenever by codicils or by sacred utterances anyone has migrated from one grade to another with the same stipends, he shall be postponed for three years to the one whom the lot of military service has led into that advancement.

dat. x kal. oct.

Dated on the 10th day before the Kalends of October.

honorio viii et theodosio iii aa. conss. (409 sept. 22).

honorius 8 and theodosius 3, augusti, consuls. (409 sept. 22).

CTh.7.4.0. De erogatione militaris annonae

CTh.7.4.0. On the disbursement of the military grain-supply

CTh.7.4.1

Imp. constantinus a. have felix karissime nobis. tribunos sive praepositos, qui milites nostros curant, annonas per dies singulos scriptionis indicio sibi debitas in horreis derelinquere non oportet, ut procuratores seu susceptores vel praepositi pagorum et horreorum eam comparent: hinc enim fit, ut a provincialibus non annonas, sed pecunias postulent memorati ipsis etiam speciebus remanentibus vitiatis adque corruptis.

Emperor Constantine Augustus, hail, be fortunate, dearest to us. The tribunes or praepositi, who take care of our soldiers, ought not to leave in the granaries the rations due to them day by day by the evidence of the register,
so that the procurators or susceptores or overseers of the villages and of the storehouses may purchase the same: from this indeed it comes about that from the provincials the aforementioned demand not rations but monies, the very supplies themselves even remaining behind, spoiled and corrupted.

constituimus igitur derelictae annonae fisco compendium vindicari, subscribendario et optione gladio feriendis, quoniam fieri non potest, ut vel provinciales iterata collatione graventur vel militibus corruptae species dividantur detrectantibus memoratis ad diem sumere annonas suae congruas dignitati. in qua culpa si quis fuerit adprehensus, nec personae merito nec honoris fastigio defendendus est. dat.

We therefore decree that the compendium of the abandoned annona be vindicated to the fisc, and that the Subscribendarius and the Optio be struck by the sword, since it cannot be permitted either that the provincials be burdened by a repeated collation, or that corrupted species of supplies be distributed to the soldiers, the aforesaid refusing to take on the appointed day the annonae suited to their dignity. In which fault, if anyone shall be apprehended, he is to be defended neither by the merit of his person nor by the eminence of his honor. Given.

xiiii kal. nov. aquis paulino et iuliano conss.

october 19, at Aquae, Paulinus and Julianus, consuls.

(325 oct. 19).

CTh.7.4.2

Imp. constantius a. ad taurum. cum militibus per africam constitutis laridum vel recens forsitan caro deinceps erogabitur, ungulas orisque tantummodo summitatem praecidi amputarique praecipimus, ne porcina integra separetur, sed erogationi proficiat annonariae.

The emperor Constantius Augustus to Taurus. Since to the soldiers stationed throughout Africa salt pork or perhaps fresh meat will henceforth be issued, we order that the hooves and of the mouth
only the very tip be cut off and removed, lest the pork as a whole be set apart, but that it may benefit the annona distribution.

dat. viii id. april. arbitione et lolliano conss.

dated the 8th before the ides of april (april 6).
in the consulship of arbitio and lollianus, consuls.

(355 apr. 6).

(355 April 6).

CTh.7.4.3

Theodosian Code 7.4.3

Idem a. et iulianus caes. ad taurum. comes militaris rei per africam constitutus contra vetitum species annonarias de conditis arbitrio suo dicitur usurpasse.

The same Augustus and Julian Caesar to Taurus. The Count of Military Affairs appointed in Africa is said, contrary to the prohibition, to have usurped at his own discretion annona-ration items from the stored supplies.

hoc de cetero citra vicarii arbitrium fieri non potest, si vicarius comitis scriptione conventus didicerit, qui numerus annonarum et quibus debet erogari, atque id fieri oportere censuerit. dat. xv kal.

this, henceforth, cannot be done without the vicarius’s judgment, if the vicarius, convened by the letter of the comes, has learned what number
of grain-allowances and to whom it ought to be disbursed, and has judged that it ought to be done. given on the 15th day before the Kalends.

ian. sirmio constantio a. viiii et iuliano c. conss. (357 dec.

Jan., at Sirmium, in the consulship of Constantius, Augustus, for the 9th time, and Julian, Caesar. (357 Dec.

18).

CTh.7.4.4

Theodosian Code 7.4.4

Idem a. helpidio. cum in expeditione milites degant, biduo expeditionalem annonam, tertio die panem consequantur ac vinum. dat.

The same Augustus to Helpidius. When the soldiers are on expedition, let them for two days receive the expeditionary annona (ration); on the third day let them obtain bread and wine. given.

iiii kal. ian. doridae datiano et cereale conss.

4 days before the Kalends of January, at Dorida, in the consulship of Datianus and Cerealis.

(358 [360/1] dec. 29).

CTh.7.4.5

Theodosian Code 7.4.5

Idem a. helpidio praefecto praetorio. expeditionalem annonam ex horreis milites viginti dierum debent suscipere, ut eam transvehant propriis in expeditione necessitatibus profuturam. dat.

The same Augustus to Helpidius, praetorian prefect. The soldiers ought to receive from the granaries an expeditionary annona for twenty days, so that they may transport it, to be of use for their own necessities on campaign. Given.

prid. id. mart. constantinopoli eusebio et hypatio conss.

the day before the ides of march, at constantinople, in the consulship of eusebius and hypatius.

(359 [360/1?] mart. 14).

(359 [360/1?] mar. 14).

CTh.7.4.6

Theodosian Code 7.4.6

Idem a. et iulianus caesar helpidio praefecto praetorio. repetita consuetudo monstravit expeditionis tempore buccellatum ac panem, vinum quoque atque acetum, sed et laridum, carnem verbecinam etiam, milites nostros ita solere percipere: biduo buccellatum, tertio die panem; uno die vinum, alio die acetum; uno die laridum, biduo carnem verbecinam. dat.

The same Augustus and Julian Caesar, to Helpidius, Praetorian Prefect. The reiterated custom has shown that, in time of campaign, buccellatum (hardtack) and bread,
wine also and vinegar, as well as bacon, and even wether‑mutton, our soldiers are accustomed thus to receive: for two days buccellatum, on the third day
bread; on one day wine, on another day vinegar; on one day bacon, for two days wether‑mutton. Given.

xvi kal. iun. hierapoli constantio x et iuliano c. iii conss.

May 17, at Hierapolis, Constantius 10 and Julian Caesar 3
consuls.

(360 mai. 17).

(360 May 17).

CTh.7.4.7

Imp. iulianus a. sallustio praefecto praetorio. milites ad vicensimum lapidem capitum petere iussimus.

Emperor Julian Augustus to Sallustius, Praetorian Prefect. We have ordered the soldiers to proceed to the twentieth milestone to take the headcount.

dat. viii id. ian. mamertino et nevitta conss.

dated January 6, in the consulship of mamertinus and
nevitta, consuls.

(362 [?] ian. 6).

(362 [?] Jan. 6).

CTh.7.4.8

Idem a. secundo praefecto praetorio. militibus ad kalendas augustas capitatio denegetur, ex kalendis augustis praebeatur. dat.

The same Augustus to the second Praetorian Prefect. Let the capitation be denied to the soldiers until the Kalends of August; from the Kalends of August let it be provided. Given.

kal. aug. nicomediae mamertino et nevitta vv. cc. conss.

on the kalends of august at nicomedia, with mamertinus and nevitta, most distinguished men, consuls.

(362 aug [?] 1).

(362 Aug [?] 1).

CTh.7.4.9

Theodosian Code 7.4.9

Imp. iovianus a. secundo praefecto praetorio. e vicensimo non amplius lapide milites sibi iubemus paleas convectare.

The Emperor Jovian Augustus to Secundus, Praetorian Prefect. From no farther than the twentieth milestone, we order the soldiers to haul straw for themselves.

dat. v kal. oct.

Dated September 27.

aedesa ioviano et varroniano conss. (364 [?] sept. 27).

aedesa, in the consulship of jovian and varronian (364 [?] sept. 27).

CTh.7.4.10

Theodosian Code 7.4.10

Impp. valentinianus et valens aa. ad symmachum praefectum urbi. protectores fori rerum venalium iuxta veteris moris observantiam in annonarum suarum conmoda pretia consequantur.

The Emperors Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, to Symmachus, Prefect of the City. Let the Protectors of the market of vendible things obtain, according to the observance of ancient custom, in
the matter of their grain rations, favorable prices.

dat. x kal. mai.

given on the 10th day before the Kalends of May (April 22).

antiochiae divo ioviano et varroniano conss. (364 apr. 22).

at Antioch, in the consulship of the deified Jovian and Varronianus (364 Apr. 22).

CTh.7.4.11

Idem aa. ad mamertinum praefectum praetorio. susceptor antequam diurnum pittacium authenticum ab actuariis susceperit, non eroget. quod si absque pittacio facta fuerit erogatio, id quod expensum est damnis eius potius subputetur.

The same emperors to mamertinus, Praetorian Prefect. Let the susceptor not disburse before he has received from the actuarii the authentic daily pittacium. But if a disbursement has been made without a pittacium, what has been expended should rather be computed to his own losses.

in qua re officium gravitatis tuae in speculis esse debebit, non sine detrimento propriarum facultatum id futurum sciens, si neglexerit, ut praescriptae formae tenor custodiatur; nec prius de horreis species proferantur et maxime capitationis, quam, ut dictum est, ad diem pittacia authentica fuerint prorogata. dat. id. dec.

in this matter the office of your gravity must be on the lookout, being aware that, if he should neglect it, this will not come to pass without detriment to his own resources, so that the tenor of the prescribed form be kept; nor are commodities to be brought out from the granaries, and especially those for the capitation, before, as has been said, the authentic pittacia have been extended to the proper date. Given on the Ides of December.

treviris divo ioviano et varroniano conss. (364 [?] dec. 13).

at trier, in the consulship of the deified jovian and varronian. (364 [?] dec. 13).

CTh.7.4.12

Theodosian Code 7.4.12

Idem aa. ad victorem magistrum militum. in provinciis statione militum adfici possidentes ursicini comitis suggestione cognovimus, a quibus superstatutorum grave atque inusitatum quoddam nomen cenaticorum fuerit introductum. quod magnifica auctoritas tua missis competentibus litteris in omnibus provinciis iubebit aboleri, ut milites recordentur commoda sua, quae in annonarum perceptione adipiscuntur, extrinsecus detrimentis provincialium non esse cumulanda.

The same emperors to victor, master of the soldiers. in the provinces we have learned, on the suggestion of Count Ursicinus, that possessors are being burdened by the stationing of soldiers, by whom a grave and unusual certain name of super-statutes, “cenatics,” has been introduced. which your magnificent authority will order to be abolished in all the provinces, suitable letters having been sent, so that the soldiers may remember their own perquisites, which they obtain in the reception of annonae, and that they are not to be heaped up extrinsically by the losses of the provincials.

dat. vi kal. ian.

dated on the 6th day before the Kalends of January.

bonamansione divo ioviano et varroniano conss. (364 nov. 26 [mai.

at bona mansio, in the consulship of the deified jovian and varronianus. (364 nov. 26 [may])

27]).

CTh.7.4.13

Idem aa. ad populum. actuarii per singulos vel ut multum binos dies authentica pittacia prorogent, ut hoc modo inmissis pittaciis species capitum annonarumve ex horreis proferantur. quod nisi fuerit custoditum, actuarius et susceptor, sed et officium iudicantis, quod non institerit huic iussioni, statutae obnoxium tenebitur.

The same Augusti to the people. Let the actuarii issue authentic pittacia every single day, or at most every two days, so that in this way, when the pittacia have been sent in, the in‑kind dues
of the capitation or of the annona may be brought out from the granaries. And unless this is observed, the actuarius and the susceptor, and also the staff of the judge, for not
having pressed this order, will be held liable to the prescribed penalty.

dat. kal. oct.

given on the Kalends of October.

aquileia valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (365 oct. 1).

aquileia, under valentinian and valens, emperors, consuls. (365 oct. 1).

CTh.7.4.14

Theodosian Code 7.4.14

Idem aa. secundo praefecto praetorio. riparienses milites mensibus novem in ipsa specie consequantur annonam, pro tribus pretia percipiant. acc.

The same Augusti, to the second Praetorian Prefect. Let the riparian soldiers obtain the annona in kind for nine months; for three, let them receive the prices. received.

kal. dec. calchedone valentiniano et valente aa. conss.

On December 1 at Chalcedon, when Valentinian and Valens, the Augusti, were consuls.

(365 dec. 1).

(December 1, 365).

CTh.7.4.15

Idem aa. ad auxonium praefectum praetorio. sicut fieri per omnes limites salubri prospectione praecipimus, species annonarias a vicinioribus limiti provincialibus ordinabis ad castra conferri. et in vicinioribus castris constituti milites duas alimoniarum partes ibidem de conditis sumant nec amplius quam tertiam partem ipsi vehere cogantur.

The same Emperors to Auxonius, the Praetorian Prefect. Just as we command, with healthful foresight, to be done along all frontiers, you shall arrange for the annona provisions to be conveyed to the camps by the provincials nearest to the frontier. And the soldiers stationed in the nearer camps shall there take from what has been stored two parts of their rations, and be compelled themselves to carry no more than the third part.

dat. v non. mai.

dated 5 days before the Nones of May.

marcianopoli valentiniano n. p. et victore conss. (369 mai. 3).

at marcianopolis valentinian the most noble boy and victor
consuls (369 may 3).

CTh.7.4.16

Theodosian Code 7.4.16

Imppp. valentinianus, valens et gratianus aaa. ad probum praefectum praetorio.

the emperors valentinian, valens, and gratian, augusti, to probus, the praetorian prefect.

actuarii nisi expleto triginta dierum spatio pittacia authentica confestim tradiderint, species, quas ex fiscalibus conditis dissimularint excludere vel numero, cuius ratiocinia pertractant, supersederint erogare, de propriis facultatibus vel militibus ipsis vel fiscalibus horreis adigantur inferre. dat. vi id. april.

Unless the actuarii, once the span of thirty days has elapsed, immediately hand over authentic tickets, if they have concealed from issue the commodities stored in the fiscal warehouses, or have refrained from disbursing according to the number whose accounts they handle, they shall be compelled to supply from their own resources either to the soldiers themselves or to the fiscal storehouses. Given on April 8.

sirmio valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (370 vel 373 apr. 8).

Sirmium under Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, consuls. (370 or 373 Apr. 8).

CTh.7.4.17

Theodosian Code 7.4.17

Idem aaa. ad modestum praefectum praetorio. fortissimi ac devotissimi milites, familiae quoque, sed et ceteri quibuscumque praediti dignitatibus annonas et capitum singulis diebus aut certe competenti tempore, id est priusquam annus elabatur, de horreis consequantur, aut si perceptionem suam ac si debitam studio voluerint protelare, id, quod competenti tempore minime perceperint, fisci nostri commodis vindicetur.

The same, the Augusti, to Modestus, praetorian prefect. the bravest and most devoted soldiers, their households also, but likewise the others endowed with whatever dignities, shall obtain rations and head-allowances from the storehouses on each day, or at any rate at the appropriate time, that is, before a year elapses, from the storehouses they shall obtain,
or if they should wish, out of zeal, to defer their own receipt, even though due, that which they have in no way received at the appropriate time shall be claimed to the advantage of our fisc (treasury).

dat. prid. non.

Given on the day before the Nones.

april. antiochiae gratiano a. iiii et merobaude v. c. conss. (377 apr.

april. at Antioch, under Gratian Augustus 4 and Merobaudes, most distinguished man, consuls. (377 apr.

4).

CTh.7.4.18

Theodosian Code 7.4.18

Imppp. valentinianus, theodosius et arcadius aaa. abundantio, stilichoni et ceteris comitibus et magistris utriusque militiae.

the emperors valentinian, theodosius, and arcadius, augusti, to abundantio, stilicho, and the other counts and masters of both military services

ne quis pro speciebus annonariis pretia temptet exigere: vel, si contra legem datam venire temptaverit, nec illud, quod in pretio expetit, permittatur exigere nec illud, quod suo tempore accipere in speciebus neglexerit, consequatur. dat. iiii kal.

let no one attempt to exact prices for annona provisions: or, if he has tried to come against the given law, let him be permitted neither to exact that which he seeks as price, nor to obtain that which he neglected to receive in kind at its proper time. Given on the 4 Kalends.

aug. constantinopoli theodosio a. iii et abundantio v. c. conss. (393 iul.

Aug. at Constantinople, when Theodosius, Augustus, for the 3rd time, and
Abundantius, a most distinguished man, were consuls. (393 Jul.

29).

CTh.7.4.19

Theodosian Code 7.4.19

Idem aaa. tatiano praefecto praetorio. officiorum annonas dispositione providentissima his provinciis distributas, quae nec transvectioni publicae nec arcae possunt aliquod deferre compendium, conprobamus.

The same Augusti to Tatianus, Praetorian Prefect. We approve the annona-rations of the Offices, distributed by a most provident arrangement to those provinces which can bring no advantage either to the public transvection or to the treasury.

dat. prid. kal.

given on the day before the Kalends.

aug. constantinopoli theodosio a. iii et abundantio v. c. conss. (393 [388-392] iul.

Aug., at Constantinople, when Theodosius Augustus for the 3rd time and Abundantius, a most distinguished man, were consuls. (393 [388–392] Jul.

31).

CTh.7.4.20

The Theodosian Code 7.4.20

Idem aaa. rufino praefecto praetorio. nulli militarium pro his annonis, quae in provinciis delegantur, repudiata ad tempus specierum copia et inopiae occasione captata pretia liceat postulare, ita ut, si quis propter anni abundantiam suscipere oblata neglexerit ac postea impositis pro necessitate rerum pretiis repudiata taxaverit, neque id, quod contra hanc legem expetit, sinatur exigere neque illud, quod accipere dissimulaverit, consequatur.

the same emperors to rufinus, praetorian prefect. let it be permitted to none of the soldiery, in return for those annonae which are assigned in the provinces, to demand prices snatched on the occasion of scarcity, after for a time having repudiated the abundance of commodities (species),
such that, if anyone, on account of the year’s abundance, has neglected to accept what was offered and afterwards, with prices imposed by the necessity of circumstances, has assessed (taxed) what he had rejected,
he shall be allowed neither to exact that which he seeks contrary to this law, nor to obtain that which he has dissimulated to accept.

dat. iii kal. aug.

dated on the 3rd day before the Kalends of August.

constantinopoli theodosio a. iii et abundantio v. c. conss. (393 iul. 30).

at constantinople, in the consulship of Theodosius Augustus for the 3rd time and Abundantius, a most distinguished man, consuls. (393 July 30).

CTh.7.4.21

Theodosian Code 7.4.21

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. caesario praefecto praetorio. si a militaribus provinciales quaelibet damna pertulerint ac non ipsas species, quae in provinciis a possessoribus congregantur, fuerint consecuti, ilico interpellato iudice admissum crimen ad nostram clementiam perferatur, ut admissum crimen congrue vindicetur.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Caesarius, Praetorian Prefect. If the provincials have borne any damages from military men and have not obtained the very items which in the provinces are gathered from the landholders, then immediately, the judge having been appealed to, the offense committed shall be conveyed to our clemency, so that the offense committed may be suitably punished.

sin vero tantum nefas simili taciturnitate contexerint, praeter eam multam, quam rectores officiaque subire conveniet, etiam detrimentorum quantitas in duplum de eorum facultatibus exigetur reddenda ac restituenda his, qui dispendia talia pertulerunt. dat. xv kal.

But if indeed they shall have woven together such a nefarious crime by similar taciturnity, besides that fine which it will be fitting for the rectors and the offices to undergo, the amount of the detriments also shall be exacted in double from their resources, to be rendered and restored to those who have borne such losses. Given on the 15th day before the Kalends.

mai. arcadio iiii et honorio iii aa. conss. (396 apr.

May. In the consulship of Arcadius, 4, and Honorius, 3, the Augusti. (396 Apr.

17).

CTh.7.4.22pr.

Theodosian Code 7.4.22, preface.

Idem aa. hilario praefecto praetorio. neque scholae neque vexillationes comitatenses aut palatinae neque legiones ullae neque auxilia, qualeslibet ad provincias delegatorias de specierum praebitione pertulerint, audiantur, si pretia poscant ultra ea, quae generali lege divi patris senioris valentiniani constituta sunt. nec enim fas est, ut exigendis annonis militum nostrorum servientes nova possessoribus pro arbitrio proprio indicant.

The same Augusti, to Hilarius, praetorian prefect. Neither the scholae nor the comitatensian or palatine vexillations nor any legions nor auxiliaries, whatever delegatoriae concerning the furnishing of supplies in kind they may have brought to the provinces, are to be heard if they demand prices beyond those which have been established by the general law of the deified father, the elder Valentinian. For it is not right that, in exacting the rations for our soldiers, those serving should impose new exactions upon the landholders according to their own discretion.

(396 mai. 30).

(396 May 30).

CTh.7.4.22.1

Sine mentione etiam pretiorum nullam delegationem valere praecipimus. dat. iii kal.

We also order that no delegation be valid without mention of the prices. Given on the 3rd day before the Kalends.

iun. mediolano arcadio iiii et honorio iii aa. conss. (396 mai.

Jun. at Milan, under Arcadius 4 and Honorius 3, Augusti, consuls. (396 May.

30).

CTh.7.4.23

Theodosian Code 7.4.23

Idem aa. hilario praefecto praetorio. provincialium commodis nos convenit subvenire. ad omnium utique numerorum sive vexillationum aut etiam scholarum tribunos per viros illustres comites sublimitas tua faciat pervenire, ut meminerint faenum militibus isdem capitibus praestandum iuxta legem divi valentiniani de quinta decima indictione nec tamen ad oppidum deferendum.

The same emperors to Hilarius, Praetorian Prefect. It befits us to come to the aid of the interests of the provincials. To the tribunes of all, namely of the numeri or vexillationes, and even of the scholae, let Your Sublimity cause [this] to be conveyed through Illustrious Men, the Counts, so that they may remember that hay must be provided to the soldiers from the same heads, according to the law of the deified Valentinian concerning the 15th indiction, and yet it is not to be carried into the town.

dat. xvi kal. iul.

given on the 16th day before the Kalends of July.

arcadio iiii et honorio iii aa. conss. (396 iun. 16).

Arcadius for the 4th and Honorius for the 3rd, emperors, consuls. (396 June 16).

CTh.7.4.24

Theodosian Code 7.4.24

Idem aa. excellentia tua erogationis per susceptores factae modum quantitati brevium conferri perficiat, ita ut, ex quo die numeris datum sit, diligentius exploretur ac si quod amplius actuarios vel optiones accepisse constiterit, quam brevium datorum scriniis nostris veritas continet, memorati in duplum reddere compellantur, susceptoribus ea summa imputanda, quam semel flagitantibus isdem erogasse monstraverint. nam ad illustres quoque magistros utriusque militiae sacri apices cucurrerunt, quibus provida sanctione decrevimus, ut breves ante indictionis principium summa fide ac veritate confecti ad nostra scrinia dirigantur, secundum quos a susceptoribus erogatio celebretur. dat.

The same Augusti. Let your Excellency bring it about that the manner of the disbursement made through the susceptores be compared to the quantity of the briefs, in such a way that, from the day on which it has been given to the numeri, it be more carefully investigated; and if it shall have been established that the actuaries or the optiones have received anything more than the truth of the briefs given, as contained in our scrinia, the aforesaid shall be compelled to render double, the same sums being charged to the susceptores which they shall have shown that they disbursed once to those same men when they demanded it. For sacred rescripts have also sped to the Illustrious Masters of Both Militias, by which, with provident sanction, we have decreed that the briefs, prepared with the utmost good faith and truth before the beginning of the indiction, be directed to our scrinia, according to which the disbursement by the susceptores shall be performed. Given.

viii kal. april. constantinopoli honorio a. iiii et eutychiano v. c. conss.

on the 8th day before the kalends of april. at constantinople, in the consulship of honorius augustus for the 4th time and eutychianus, a most distinguished man.

(398 mart. 25).

(398 March 25).

CTh.7.4.25

Codex Theodosianus 7.4.25

Idem aa. eutychiano praefecto praetorio. quoniam clementia nostra poscenti epifanis ordini consensit, ut novembri mense novellum vinum militi praeberetur, propterea quod veteris dispendiosa videtur erogatio, illustris auctoritas tua per omnes provincias cunctis numeris ac militibus a novembri mense de novello vino annonam dari disponat. dat.

Likewise, the same Augusti, to Eutychianus, Praetorian Prefect. Since our clemency has consented to the petitioning Epiphani order, that in the month of November new wine be provided to the soldiery, because the disbursement of old [wine] seems expensive, your illustrious authority shall arrange through all the provinces that to all numeri and soldiers the annona of new wine be given from the month of November. Given.

x kal. iun. constantinopoli honorio a. iiii et eutychiano v. c. conss.

10 days before the Kalends of June, at Constantinople, when Honorius, Augustus, for the 4th time, and Eutychianus, a most distinguished man, were consuls.

(398 mai. 23).

(398 May 23).

CTh.7.4.26

Theodosian Code 7.4.26

Idem aa. provincialibus provinciae proconsularis. opinatoribus nullum sit cum provinciali conmercium, ita ut a iudicibus vel officio provinciali omnis summa debiti postuletur intra anni spatium conferenda. dat.

The same Augusti to the provincials of the proconsular province. Let there be no commerce for the appraisers with a provincial, such that by the judges or the provincial office the whole sum of the debt to be paid within the span of a year be demanded. Given.

prid. kal. april.

the day before the kalends of april.

mediolano vincentio et fravito conss. (401 mart. 31).

at Milan, Vincentius and Fravitus, consuls. (401
Mar. 31).

CTh.7.4.27

The Theodosian Code 7.4.27

Idem aa. et theodosius a. anthemio praefecto praetorio. nullus protectorum vel domesticorum, cui aut tuitio locorum aut quaedam longior est commissa necessitas aut certe iudicum nostrorum praeceptis iussus obtemperat, annonas vel emolumenta percipiat, nisi circumacto anni tempore post completum consulatum in alterius anno consulis conmonitorium reparare curaverit. dat.

the same augusti and theodosius augustus to anthemius, praetorian prefect. let none of the protectors or domestics, to whom either the tutelage of places or a certain longer
necessity has been entrusted, or who certainly obeys, having been ordered by the precepts of our judges, receive rations or emoluments, unless, the time of a year having gone round
after a completed consulship, he has taken care to renew the conmonitorium in the year of another consul. given.

kal. april. constantinopoli arcadio a. vi et probo v. c. conss.

On the Kalends of April, at Constantinople
Arcadius Augustus for the 6th time and Probus, a most distinguished man, consuls.

(406 apr. 1).

CTh.7.4.28pr.

Theodosian Code 7.4.28 preface.

Imppp. arcadius, honorius et theodosius aaa. anthemio praefecto praetorio.

the emperors arcadius, honorius, and theodosius, augusti, to anthemius, praetorian prefect.

a provinciarum rectoribus caveatur, ut tam numeris quam familiis nec non et impedimentis praeter eas annonas, quae adaerantur, id tantum in specie praebeatur, quod militis flagitarit inspectio, ne actuariorum fraudibus ulla relinquatur superpostulationis occasio, cum per praepositos pistorum et diadotas legis forma caveatur, ut nulli omnino nulla in specie praebeatur annona, nisi quem substantem adque in praesenti constitutum postulare constiterit. (406 apr. 9).

Let care be taken by the governors of the provinces, that for the numeri as well as the familiae and likewise the baggage-trains, apart from those rations which are converted into money, only that be furnished in kind which the inspection of the soldier has demanded, lest by the frauds of the actuarii (quartermasters) any occasion for over‑demand be left, since by the superintendents of the bakers and the diadotae the form of the law provides that no ration at all be furnished in kind to anyone whatsoever, unless it has been established that the one requesting it is on strength and actually present. (406 apr. 9).

CTh.7.4.28.1

Theodosian Code 7.4.28.1

Hoc quoque legis auctoritate complexo, ut semper dierum, per quas resistentes tribuni emolumenti gratia sollemniter stillaturae nomine consecuntur species, non aliter adaerentur, nisi ut in foro rerum venalium distrahuntur. dat. v id. april.

This also, encompassed by the authority of the law, that always the days during which the tribunes, remaining in place, for the sake of emolument, under the name of the “stillatura,” obtain supplies in kind, be commuted into money in no other way than at the rate at which they are sold off in the market of vendible goods. Given on the 5th day before the Ides of April.

constantinopoli arcadio a. vi et probo v. c. conss. (406 apr. 9).

At Constantinople, in the consulship of Arcadius, Augustus, for the 6th time, and
of Probus, a most distinguished man, consuls. (406 apr. 9).

CTh.7.4.29

Theodosian Code 7.4.29

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. anthemio praefecto praetorio. si quas sub gratia donationis a militibus auferunt quam merentur annonas duces seu tribuni, iuxta nummaria defixa pretia sine ulla dubitatione percipiant.

the emperors honorius and theodosius, augusti, to anthemius, praetorian prefect. if the dukes or the tribunes take away from the soldiers, under the favor of a donative, any rations which they earn, let them receive, according to the fixed monetary prices, without any hesitation.

dat. iiii non. mai.

dated 4 May.

constantinopoli honorio vii et theodosio ii aa. conss. (407 mai. 4).

At Constantinople, Honorius for the 7th time and Theodosius for the 2nd time,
Augusti, consuls. (407 May 4).

CTh.7.4.30

Theodosian Code 7.4.30

Idem aa. anthemio praefecto praetorio. limitanei militis et possessorum utilitate conspecta per primam, secundam ac tertiam palaestinam huiuscemodi norma processit, ut pretiorum certa taxatione depensa specierum intermittatur exactio. sed ducianum officium sub versamini et moenoeni castri nomine salutaria statuta conatur evertere.

the same emperors to anthemius, praetorian prefect. with the utility of the limitaneus soldier and of the possessors having been considered through first, second, and third palestine
a norm of this kind has issued, that, with a fixed taxation of prices paid, the exaction of species (in‑kind) be discontinued. but the ducal office, under the name of the fort of versamini
and of moenoeni, attempts to overturn the salutary statutes.

ideoque lege repetita censemus, ut, si quis interclusam specierum exactionem refricare temptaverit vel adaerationes statutas ausus fuerit inmutare, tam vir spectabilis dux centum librarum auri quam etiam eius officium pari condemnationis summa quatiatur, adiecta sacrilegii poena, quae divalium scitorum violatores palam insequitur. dat. x kal.

and therefore, with the law repeated, we decree that, if anyone shall attempt to revive the blocked exaction of species (in‑kind dues) or shall have dared to alter the established monetizations, both the Spectabilis dux shall be shaken with a condemnation of one hundred pounds of gold, and likewise his officium shall be shaken with an equal sum of condemnation, with the penalty of sacrilege added, which openly pursues the violators of divine (imperial) enactments. given 10 kal.

april. constantinopoli honorio viii et theodosio iii aa. conss. (409 mart.

april. at constantinople, under honorius 8 and theodosius 3, emperors, consuls. (409 mar.

23).

CTh.7.4.31

Theodosian Code 7.4.31

Idem aa. ad anthemium praefectum praetorio. militaribus commodis prospicientes adaeratarum annonarum, quae familiis apud orientem vel aegyptum praeberi consuerunt, certa ac distincta locis et numero pretia statuimus. verum quia in hoc et provincialium nobis habenda est cura praecipua, ne nimia festinatione poscendi collatorum vires adteri videantur, certum constitui tempus placet, quo eadem pretia debeant praeberi poscentibus.

The same Augusti to Anthemius, Praetorian Prefect. Providing for military emoluments, we have established fixed prices for the adaerated annonae, which are accustomed to be furnished to the families in the East or Egypt, determined distinctly by places and by number. But since in this matter a special care of the provincials must be had by us, lest by excessive haste of demanding the strength of the contributors seem to be worn down, it pleases us that a fixed time be established, at which the same prices ought to be provided to those requesting.

quapropter uniuscuiusque indictionis annonariam in pretiis rationem transacta ea sequentis indictionis mense novembri completo praeberi praecipimus. dat. prid.

Wherefore we order that the annona account in prices for each indiction be furnished, once that account has been settled, upon the completion of the month of November of the following indiction. Given on the day before.

kal. dec. constantinopoli honorio viii et theodosio iii aa. conss.

On the Kalends of December, at Constantinople, Honorius (8) and Theodosius (3), the Augusti, consuls.

(409 nov. 30).

(November 30, 409).

CTh.7.4.32

Theodosian Code 7.4.32

Idem aa. leontio viro illustri praefecto illyrici. procuratores curiarum annonarum et cellariensium specierum gratia minime fatigentur, quas in dignitatibus constituti, id est rectores provinciarum et comites solent accipere. nam cum adaerationis aestimatio prius per centum et viginti capita exactione solidi teneretur, per sexaginta recens redegit aviditas exindeque iam nutrita licentia ad tredecim tributarios non dubitavit artare, procuratore damnum, quo ipse subditus fuisset, provincialibus infligente.

The same Emperors to Leontius, a man of illustrious rank, Prefect of Illyricum. let the procurators of the curiae, of the annona, and of the cellarienses not at all be wearied for the sake of “species” (in‑kind supplies), which those established in dignities, that is, the rectors of the provinces and the counts, are accustomed to receive. for whereas the valuation of adaeration was formerly held at the exaction of a solidus per one hundred and twenty heads, greed lately has reduced it to sixty, and license, now nourished thereafter, has not hesitated to tighten it to thirteen tributaries, the procurator inflicting upon the provincials the loss with which he himself would have been burdened.

ideoque per cornicularium cuiuscumque provincialis officii hanc sollicitudinem impleri conveniet, ita ut nulla ab eodem exactionis molestia provincialibus inferatur, sed erogandas species ex horreis publicis et cellariensium nomine aurum ex titulo manifesto eidem delegatum pro erogationis qualitate suscipiat, etiam pretium his, qui adaerare voluerint, depensurus iuxta nundinationem, quae aut foro rerum venalium continetur aut amplissimae praefecturae est culmini deputata: nec enim queri poterunt, qui vel species accipient debitas dignitati vel, si auri perceptione laetentur, aequari se tanto culmini non debebunt: temerantium etiam audacia punienda officio tui culminis quinquaginta librarum auri multa continuo percellendo, si rite disposita observare neglexerit. dat. xvi kal.

and therefore through the cornicularius of whatever provincial officium it will be fitting that this solicitude be fulfilled, such that no annoyance of exaction be brought upon the provincials by the same, but let him receive the species to be disbursed from the public horrea and, in the name of the cellarienses, the gold delegated to him by manifest title according to the quality of the disbursement, also to pay the price to those who will have wished to adaerate (convert into money) according to the nundination, which is either contained in the forum of vendible things or is assigned to the summit of the most ample prefecture: for neither will they be able to complain, who either will receive the species owed to their dignity or, if they rejoice in the receipt of gold, ought not to have themselves equated to so great a summit: moreover, the audacity of those who act rashly is to be punished by the officium of your culmen by striking at once with a fine of fifty pounds of gold, if it shall have neglected to observe the things rightly arranged. given on the 16th day before the Kalends.

sept. constantinopoli honorio viiii et theodosio iiii aa. conss. (412 aug.

sept. at constantinople honorius 9 and theodosius 4, augusti, consuls. (412 aug.

17).

CTh.7.4.33

Theodosian Code 7.4.33

Idem aa. hadriano praefecto praetorio. ne interiecti aequoris tractu querellae provincialium pereant, flavianum et caecilianum viros illl. per africam audientiam cunctis praebere decernimus.

The same Augusti to Hadrian, praetorian prefect. Lest, by the stretch of the interposed sea, the complaints of the provincials perish, we decree that Flavianus and Caecilianus, most illustrious men, provide audience to all through
Africa.

militarem quoque annonam, quae intra africam contubernalibus erogatur, eorum diligentia indagari praecipimus, ut nihil his post eorum examen addatur. et cetera. dat.

We also order that the military annona, which within Africa is disbursed to the contubernales (tent-mates), be investigated by their diligence, so that nothing be added for them after their examination. And the rest. Given.

v non. mart. ravenna constantio et constante vv. cc. conss.

3 March, at ravenna, with constantius and constans, most illustrious men,
consuls.

(414 mart. 3).

(414 March 3).

CTh.7.4.34

Codex Theodosianus 7.4.34

Idem aa. constantio magistro militum. his scholaribus, quibus laborum intuitu regendos numeros dederimus, de aerariis annonis singulos solidos per opinatores, caballationis quoque rationem pro administrato tempore debitam, quando militibus erogatur, sine mora praeberi oportet, vel, si quis eorum antequam accipiat in fata concesserit, quod ex utraque causa ei debebatur, heredibus eius restitui. dat.

The same Emperors to Constantius, Master of the Soldiers. To these scholares, to whom, in consideration of labors, we have given units to be governed, from the aerarian rations a single solidus apiece, through the opinatores (assessors), and likewise the account/allowance of caballation for the time administered, owed when it is disbursed to the soldiers, ought to be furnished without delay, or, if any of them has departed to his fate before he receives it, that which was owed to him on either account is to be restored to his heirs. Given.

xiii kal. dec. constantio et constante vv. cc. conss.

November 19, when Constantius and Constans, most illustrious men, were consuls.

(414 nov. 19).

(November 19, 414).

CTh.7.4.35

Theodosian Code 7.4.35

Idem aa. asclepiodoto praefecto praetorio. annonas omnes, quae universis officiis atque sacri palatii ministeriis et sacris scriniis ceterisque cunctarum adminiculis dignitatum adsolent delegari quasque ii, qui ad earum exactionem mittuntur, pro cupiditate ac libidine sua graviter ex provincialium visceribus eruebant, ad similitudinem militum, quibus aerariae praebentur annonae, adaerari praecipimus, ut omnibus superius designatis emolumenta debita in pretiis dispositio culminis tui pro publica auctoritate taxatis praecipiat erogari. dat.

The same Emperors to Asclepiodotus, praetorian prefect. All annonae, which are accustomed to be delegated to all the offices and to the ministries of the sacred palace and to the sacred scrinia and to the other supports of all dignities, and which those who are sent for their exaction were grievously wrenching, according to their greed and lust, from the very vitals of the provincials, we order to be monetized after the likeness of the soldiers, to whom aerarial annonae are furnished; so that for all the above-designated the due emoluments may be commanded to be paid in prices, the disposition of your Eminence prescribing their disbursement, with the prices assessed by public authority. Given.

xvi kal. mart. constantinopoli asclepiodoto et mariniano conss.

16th day before the Kalends of March. at Constantinople. Asclepiodotus and Marinianus, consuls.

(423 febr. 14).

(423 Feb. 14).

CTh.7.4.36

Theodosian Code 7.4.36

Idem aa. procopio magistro militiae per orientem. si quando tribuni sive comites vel praepositi numerorum per provincias annonas voluerint, hoc est quas pro dignitate sua consequuntur, in aere percipere, non aliis eas pretiis, nisi quae in foro rerum venalium habeantur, adaerandas esse cognoscant. si alias annonas, quae non suae dignitatis erunt, sed alio modo, dum tamen licito, suis commodis adquisitas in auro sibi dari duces sive tribuni voluerint, illis pretiis contenti sint, quae in forma aerariarum annonarum universis militibus sollemni observatione praebentur.

The same Augusti to Procopius, Master of Soldiers for the East. If ever tribunes or counts or praepositi of the units through the provinces should wish to receive the annonae, that is, those which they obtain by reason of their dignity, in bronze (i.e., in coin), let them know that they are to be commuted into cash at no other prices than those which obtain in the market of vendible goods. If other annonae, which will not be of their own dignity, but acquired for their own advantage in some other way, provided however lawfully, the duces or tribunes should wish to be given to them in gold, let them be content with those prices which, in the form (schedule) of the treasury annonae, are provided to all the soldiers with solemn observance.

sanctionis temerator sciat se et administratione simul et dignitate spoliandum et facultatum suarum percellendum dispendio. dat. iii non.

let the violator of the sanction know that he is to be stripped both of his administration and of his dignity, and to be smitten with a loss of his resources.
given on the 3rd before the Nones.

dec. constantinopoli victore v. c. cons. (424 dec.

dec. at constantinople, with victor, a most distinguished man, consul. (424 dec.

3).

CTh.7.5.0. De excoctione et translatione annonarum

CTh.7.5.0. On the excoction and transfer of grain-levies

CTh.7.5.1

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. stilichoni comiti et magistro utriusque militiae. opinatores, quibus species in diversis provinciis delegantur, ut pretium maiore taxatione deposcant, contra omnem consuetudinem nullis consistentibus familiis excoctionem panis efflagitant.

Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Stilicho, count and master of both militaries. The appraisers (opinatores), to whom the species (commodities) are delegated in the various provinces,
so that they may demand the price with a greater taxation, are demanding, contrary to all custom, the baking of bread,
with no families being in residence.

illustris igitur auctoritas tua novam usurpationem congrua auctoritate percellat, ut, cum opinatores in provinciis delegantur, vetus consuetudo servetur. dat. id. sept.

Therefore let your illustrious authority strike down the new usurpation with fitting authority, so that, when the opinatores are assigned in the provinces, the old custom may be observed. Given on the Ides of September.

mediolano theodoro v. c. cons. (399 sept. 13).

at milan, in the consulship of theodorus, a most distinguished man (399 sept. 13).

CTh.7.5.2

Theodosian Code 7.5.2

Idem aa. et theodosius a. ad hadrianum praefectum praetorio. in excoctione buccellati, quod devotissimis militibus convenit praeparari, in translatione etiam annonae nullius excipiatur persona, videlicet ut ne nostra quidem domus ab his habeatur immunis. et si quisquam, quod non opinamur, implere quae sunt praecepta neglexerit, in procuratorem eius severissime vindicetur, ita ut, si huiusmodi contumaciae dominum conscium esse constiterit, quadruplum id, quod pro eius capitatione poscitur, posthabita dilatione solvatur.

The same Augusti and Theodosius Augustus to Hadrianus, Praetorian Prefect. In the baking of buccellatum, which it is fitting to be prepared for the most devoted soldiers, in
the transport also of the annona let no person be exempted—namely, that not even our own household be held immune from these. And if anyone— which
we do not suppose—should neglect to fulfill what is prescribed, let the severest penalty be exacted upon his procurator, such that, if it shall have been established that the master was aware of such contumacy,
let fourfold that which is demanded for his capitation be paid, with delay set aside.

dat. viiii kal. april.

dated the 9th day before the kalends of april.

romae honorio a. vi et aristaeneto conss. (404 mart. 24).

at rome, under honorius augustus 6 and aristaenetus, consuls. (404 march 24).

CTh.7.6.0. De militari veste

CTh.7.6.0. On military dress

CTh.7.6.1

Impp. valentinianus et valens aa. ad mamertinum praefectum praetorio. sive ex principalium sive ex honoratorum numero susceptor vestium nominetur, exceptis videlicet his, qui palatinae militiae privilegiis fulciuntur vel qui officiis ac ministeriis perfuncti merito stipendiorum consecuti sunt dignitates, et vir spectabilis proconsul africae moneatur, ut ad excludendas fraudes uno anno, non plus, haec necessitas procuretur, ita tamen ut creationis periculum a proconsulari officio non recedat.

Emperors Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, to Mamertinus, Praetorian Prefect. Whether from the number of the principales or of the honorati the receiver of garments be named, with these excepted, namely those who are supported by the privileges of the palatine soldiery, or who, having discharged offices and ministries, have by the merit of their stipends obtained dignities; and let the man of spectabilis rank, the Proconsul of Africa, be admonished, that, for the excluding of frauds, this necessity be provided for one year, no more—yet in such a way that the peril of the creation does not depart from the proconsular office.

dat. xiiii kal. mai.

dated on the 14th day before the Kalends of May.

mediolano valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (365 apr. 18).

at Milan, Valentinian and
Valens, Augusti, consuls. (365 apr. 18).

CTh.7.6.2

Theodosian Code 7.6.2

Idem aa. auxonio praefecto praetorio. omnem canonem vestium ex kalendis sept. ad kal.

The same emperors to auxonius, praetorian prefect. the entire canon of garments from the kalends of sept. to the kalends.

april. nostris largitionibus tradi praecipimus, proposita rectori provinciae vel eius officio condemnationis, quae tuae iustitiae videbitur, poena. dat.

april. we order it to be handed over to our Treasury of Largesses, with the penalty of condemnation—which shall seem good to your justice—published to the governor of the province or to his office. Given.

xiiii kal. dec. marcianopoli valentiniano et valente conss.

14th day before the Kalends of december, at marcianopolis
valentinian and valens, consuls.

(368 nov. 18).

(368 Nov. 18).

CTh.7.6.3

Codex Theodosianus 7.6.3

Imppp. valens, gratianus et valentinianus aaa. modesto praefecto praetorio.

the emperors valens, gratian, and valentinian, augusti, to modestus, praetorian prefect.

provinciae thraciarum per viginti iuga seu capita conferant vestem: scythia et moesia in triginta iugis seu capitibus interim annua solutione dependant: per aegyptum et orientis partes in triginta terrenis iugis, per asianam vero et ponticam dioecesim ad eundem numerum in capitibus seu iugis annua vestis collatio dependatur, ita ut per orientem provinciae in titulo auri comparaticii, quod per iugationem redditur, compensationis gratia perfruantur exceptis osroene et isauria nam easdem constat aurum comparaticium minime redhibere. dat. v id. aug.

let the provinces of Thrace contribute the clothing by twenty iuga or heads; Scythia and Moesia, on thirty iuga or heads, for the time being shall pay by an annual settlement; through Egypt and the parts of the East, on thirty terrene iuga; but through the Asian and Pontic diocese, to the same number, in heads or iuga, let the annual contribution of clothing be paid, so that throughout the East the provinces may enjoy, under the title of the comparatic gold, which is rendered by iugation, for the sake of compensation, with Osroene and Isauria excepted, for it is established that these do not render the comparatic gold. Given on the 5th day before the Ides of August.

hierapoli gratiano a. iiii et merobaude v. c. conss. (377 aug. 9).

At Hierapolis, in the consulship of Gratian Augustus for the 4th time, and Merobaudes, a most distinguished man, consuls (377 Aug. 9).

CTh.7.6.4

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. martiniano comiti sacrarum largitionum. fortissimis militibus nostris per illyricum non binos tremisses pro singulis chlamydibus, sed singulos solidos dari praecipias.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Martinianus, Count of the Sacred Largesses. To our bravest soldiers throughout Illyricum you shall order not two tremisses for
each cloak, but single solidi to be given.

dat. xvi kal. feb.

dated the 16th day before the Kalends of February.

constantinopoli arcadio iiii et honorio iii aa. conss. (396 ian. 17).

at constantinople, arcadius 4 and honorius 3, augusti, consuls. (396 jan. 17).

CTh.7.6.5

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. asclepiodoto praefecto praetorio. militaris adaeratio vestis a collatoribus exigatur sacratissimis videlicet largitionibus inferenda, ita ut quinque eius partes fortissimis militibus erogentur in pretio, sexta vero portio a gynaeceariis clementiae nostrae absque ulla vel ipsorum vel publica incommoditate pro eadem contextione suscepta iunioribus gregariisque militibus in ipsa, quam maxime eos desiderare constitit, specie praebeatur.

Emperors Honorius and Theodosius, Augusti, to Asclepiodotus, Praetorian Prefect. Let the military commutation into money of clothing be exacted from the contributors, namely to be paid into the most sacred Largesses, in such wise that five parts of it be disbursed at a price to the bravest soldiers, but the sixth portion by the gynaecarii of Our Clemency, without any inconvenience either to them or to the public, for the same weaving undertaken, be furnished in kind to the younger and rank-and-file soldiers in that very form which it has been established that they most desire.

dat. vii id. mart. constantinopoli asclepiodoto et mariniano conss.

given on march 9 at constantinople, in the consulship of asclepiodotus and marinianus.

(423 mart. 9).

(423 Mar. 9).

CTh.7.7.0. De pascuis

CTh.7.7.0. On pastures

CTh.7.7.1

Imppp. valentinianus et valens aa. ad germanianum comitem sacrarum largitionum. dedimus litteras ad viros clarissimos praefectos praetorio, ut ab his conventi rectores provinciarum scirent in locis rei privatae augmenta pensionum non esse facienda neque sinerent pascua animalium ex rebus privatis nostris provincialium licitatione praeberi.

the emperors valentinian and valens, augusti, to germanianus, count of the sacred largesses. we have issued letters to the most distinguished men, the praetorian prefects
that, by them convened, the governors of the provinces should know that on the estates of the private domain increases of rents are not to be made, nor should they allow
pastures for animals from our private properties to be provided by the licitation of provincials.

dat. v kal. feb.

dated the 5th day before the Kalends of February.

romae valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (368? ian.

at rome in the consulship of valentinian and valens, the augusti. (368? jan.

28).

CTh.7.7.2

Idem aa. ad rufinum praefectum praetorio. cum nulla ratio sit, cur in pascuis saltibus rei privatae pensio debeat ampliari, nequaquam pro libidine ordinum augmenta facienda sunt. etenim idcirco graviorem pensionem imponi ab ordinibus accipimus, ut animalia ex rebus privatis nostris a locorum pastibus arceantur, quod fieri non oportere divae memoriae iulianus prorogata iussione constituit.

The same emperors to Rufinus, praetorian prefect. Since there is no reason why on the pastures and forest-ranges of the Private Domain the pension (assessment) ought to be enlarged, by no means are increases to be made at the whim of the orders. For indeed we understand that a heavier pension is imposed by the orders, so that animals from our private goods may be kept away from the local pastures, which ought not to be done, as Julian of divine memory established by a prorogated injunction.

quare excellens auctoritas tua conventis rectoribus provinciarum non eam licitationis necessitatem patiatur inferri, quam repentinam faciunt civitates, sed eam manere decernet, quam statuit antiquitas. dat. viiii kal.

Therefore
let your excellent authority, with the governors of the provinces convened, not permit that necessity of bidding to be introduced, which the municipalities make sudden,
but decree that to remain which antiquity established. Given 9 days before the Kalends.

oct. luceriae valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (365 sept.

oct. at luceria valentinian and valens, the augusti, consuls. (365 sept.

23).

CTh.7.7.3

Theodosian Code 7.7.3

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. simplicio comiti et magistro utriusque militiae. insignis auctoritas tua hac condicione a publicis pratis apamenis animalia militum prohiberi praecipiat, ut universi cognoscant de emolumentis eorum tuique officii facultatibus duodecim libras auri fisci commodis exigendas, si quisquam posthac memorate prata mutilare temptaverit, non minore decernenda poena, si etiam prata privatorum antiochenorum fuerint devastata, ita tamen, ut sine laesione provincialium provideant curiales, quo pacto animalium militarium pastui consulatur.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Simplicius, count and master of both military services. Your distinguished authority shall order, on this condition, that the animals of the soldiers be prohibited from the public meadows of the Apameans, so that all may know that from their emoluments and the resources of your office twelve pounds of gold to the advantage of the fisc are to be exacted, if anyone hereafter shall attempt to mutilate the aforementioned meadows, no lesser penalty being decreed if even the meadows of private Antiochenes should have been devastated, nevertheless in such a way that, without injury to the provincials, the curials provide by what arrangement provision is made for the pasturage of the military animals.

dat. v id. mart. constantinopoli honorio a. iiii et eutychiano v. c. conss.

dated march 11 at constantinople, honorius augustus for the 4th time and eutychianus, a most distinguished man, consuls.

(398 mart. 11).

(398 mar. 11).

CTh.7.7.4

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. aureliano praefecto praetorio et patricio. possessores nihil plus debent, quam quod nostro arbitrio nostrae perennitatis et magnificae sedis tuae dispositione per annos singulos iubentur inferre.

The Emperors honorius and theodosius, augusti, to aurelianus, praetorian prefect and patrician. possessors owe nothing more than what, by our arbitration,
by the disposition of our Perpetuity and of your magnificent seat, they are ordered to pay in each year.

nec vero milites aliquid praesumere debent, nisi quod largitate nostri numinis consequentur. ideoque possessores vel coloni super pratis nullam molestiam patiantur. dat.

nor indeed ought the soldiers to presume anything, except what they will obtain by the largess of our divinity. therefore let possessors or coloni suffer no molestation concerning the meadows. given.

non. sept. dd. nn. honorio x et theodosio vi aa. conss.

On the Nones of September, our lords Honorius for the 10th time and Theodosius for the 6th, the Augusti, consuls.

(415 sept. 5).

(September 5, 415).

CTh.7.7.5

Idem aa. comitibus et magistris militum. prata provincialium nostrorum perniciosum est militum molestia fatigari. ideoque lege ad amplissimam praefecturam promulgata censuimus, ne hoc deinceps usurpetur.

The same Augusti, to the counts and the masters of soldiers. It is pernicious that the meadows of our provincials be wearied by the molestation of soldiers. And therefore, by a law promulgated to the most ample Prefecture, we have decreed that this shall not henceforth be practiced.

super qua re universos quorum interest convenire tua magnificentia non moretur, ne permittant possessores vel colonos pratorum gratia qualibet importunitate vexari. dat. non.

concerning which matter let your Magnificence not delay to convene all whose interest it is, so that they do not permit the possessors or colonists to be vexed by any importunity for the sake of the meadows. Given on the Nones.

sept. honorio x et theodosio vi aa. conss. (415 sept.

sept. Honorius 10
and Theodosius 6, the Augusti, consuls. (415 sept.

5).

CTh.7.8.0. De metatis

CTh.7.8.0. On metata

CTh.7.8.1

Imp. constantius a. ad senatum. invitis senatoribus nostris in eorum domibus nullus hospitali iure commaneat.

the emperor constantius augustus to the senate. our senators being unwilling, let no one remain in their homes by the right of hospitality.

dat. v non. mai.

dated the 5th day before the Nones of May (May 3).

tauro et florentio conss. (361 mai. 3).

taurus and florentius, consuls. (361 May 3).

CTh.7.8.2

Impp. valentinianus et valens aa. remigio magistro officiorum. in synagogam iudaeicae legis hospitii velut merito irruentes iubeas emigrare, quos privatorum domus, non religionum loca habitationum merito convenit adtinere.

The Emperors Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, to Remigius, Master of the Offices. You shall order to remove those who, rushing into the synagogue of the Jewish law for hospitium as if by due right, are to emigrate; private houses, not the places of religions, are properly to hold them for habitations.

dat. prid. non.

given on the day before the nones.

mai. treviris valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (368?

may. at trier valentinian and
valens, the augusti, consuls. (368?

370? 373? mai.

370? 373? may.

6).

CTh.7.8.3

Imppp. gratianus, valentinianus et theodosius aaa. palladio magistro officiorum.

Emperors Gratian, Valentinian, and Theodosius, Augusti, to Palladius, Master of the Offices.

ab hospitalitatis munere domum privatorum nullus excuset praeter eos, qui ex praefectis summum sibi fastigium dignitatis agendo pepererunt, et ex magistris equitum ac peditum, quos decursi actus illustrat auctoritas, adque ex comitibus consistorianis, qui participantes augusti pectoris curas agendo claruerunt, ex praepositis quoque sacri cubiculi, quos tanta et tam adsidua nostri numinis cura inter primas posuit dignitates; ea tamen lege, ut singulas domos sibi ad manendum quas voluerint teneant, hospitibus vero ceteras solito iure praebeant. dat. xvi kal.

Let no one excuse the house of private persons from the duty of hospitality, except those who, from among the prefects, have earned for themselves the highest pinnacle of dignity by their service, and from among the masters of cavalry and infantry, whom the authority of a completed career illuminates, and from among the counts of the consistorium, who have become renowned by sharing in the cares of the Augustus’s heart, and also from the praepositi of the sacred bedchamber, whom so great and so assiduous a care of our divine numen has placed among the foremost dignities; under this condition, however, that they hold for themselves single houses to dwell in, whichever they wish, but provide the rest to guests by the accustomed right. Given on the 16th day before the Kalends.

oct. constantinopoli richomere et clearcho conss. (384 sept.

oct. at constantinople, richomer and clearchus, consuls. (384 sept.

16).

CTh.7.8.4

Imppp. valentinianus, theodosius et arcadius aaa. theodoto magistro officiorum.

the emperors valentinian, theodosius and arcadius, augusti. to theodotus, master of the offices.

si quis mensorum nostrorum manum, qua deputatas singulis quibusque domus enotant et postibus hospitaturi nomen adscribunt, delere non dubitaverit, ad instar falsi reus ex hac auctoritate teneatur. dat. vi kal.

If anyone has not hesitated to erase the mark of our surveyors, by which they note the houses assigned to each and every individual and on the doorposts inscribe the name of the one to be lodged, let him be held liable, by this authority, as in the case of forgery. Given on the 6th day before the Kalends.

nov. constantinopoli d. n. theodosio a. iii et abundantio v. c. conss. (393 oct.

Nov. at Constantinople, under our lord Theodosius Augustus for the 3rd time and Abundantius, a most distinguished man, consuls. (393 Oct.

27).

CTh.7.8.5pr.

Theodosian Code 7.8.5, preface.

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. hosio magistro officiorum. in qualibet vel nos ipsi urbe fuerimus vel ii qui nobis militant commorentur, omni tam mensorum quam etiam hospitum iniquitate summota duas dominus propriae domus, tertia hospiti deputata, eatenus intrepidus ac securus possideat portiones, ut in tres domu divisa partes primam eligendi dominus habeat facultatem, secundam hospes quam voluerit exequatur, tertia domino relinquenda.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Hosius, Master of the Offices. In whatever city either we ourselves shall have been or those who serve us are quartered, with every iniquity both of the measurers (surveyors) and even of the guests removed, let the master of his own house possess the portions unafraid and secure to this extent: two parts to the master of the private house, a third assigned to the guest, such that, with the house divided into three parts, the master shall have the faculty of choosing the first, the guest shall take whichever second he wishes, the third being left to the master.

plenum enim aequitate atque iustitia est, ut qui aut successione fruitur aut empto vel extructione gaudet electam praecipue iudicio suam rem teneat et relictam. (398 febr. 6).

for it is full of equity and justice, that he who either enjoys by succession or by purchase or
rejoices in construction may hold, as his own property, the portion chosen with preference by judgment, and the portion left. (398 febr. 6).

CTh.7.8.5.1

Theodosian Code 7.8.5.1

Ergasteria vero, quae mercimoniis deputantur, ad praedictae divisionis iniuriam non vocentur, sed quieta sint et libera et ab omni hospitantium iniuria defensata solis dominis conductoribusque deserviant. sane si stabulum, ut adsolet, militari viro in tertia domus parte defuerit, ex ergasteriis, nisi id dominus qualibet occasione providerit, pro animalium numero vel domus qualitate deputabitur. (398 febr.

Workshops indeed, which are deputed to merchandises, are not to be called to the injury of the aforesaid division, but let them be quiet and free and defended from every injury of lodgers, and let them serve only the owners and lessees. Indeed, if a stable, as is customary, should be lacking for a military man in the third part of the house, it will be deputed from the workshops, unless the owner has provided it on any occasion, in proportion to the number of animals or the quality of the house. (398 Febr.

6).

CTh.7.8.5.2

Illustribus sane viris non tertiam partem domus, sed mediam hospitalitatis gratia deputari decernimus ea dumtaxat condicione servata, ut alter ex his quilibet quive maluerit divisionem arbitrii aequitate faciat, alter eligendi habeat optionem. (398 febr. 6).

Indeed, we decree that to illustrious men there be assigned, not a third part of the house, but the half, for the sake of hospitality, with only this condition observed, that one of these, whichever it be or whoever may prefer, shall make the division with arbitral equity, the other shall have the option of choosing. (398 Feb. 6).

CTh.7.8.5.3

Et firmissimum perpetuo quod iussimus perseveret, ita ut triginta libras auri qui illustri sunt praediti dignitate fisco nostro se illaturos esse cognoscant, ceteri vero militia sciant se esse privandos, si generale praeceptum amplius usurpando quam iussimus reprehensibili temeritate violaverint. dat. viii id. feb.

And let what we have ordered persevere most firm in perpetuity, such that those who are endowed with the Illustrious dignity understand that they will bring thirty pounds of gold into our fisc, while the rest should know that they are to be deprived of military service, if by usurping the general precept beyond what we have ordered they shall have violated it with reprehensible temerity. Given on February 6.

constantinopoli honorio iiii et eutychiano conss. (398 febr. 6).

at Constantinople, Honorius, consul for the 4th time, and Eutychianus, consuls (February 6, 398).

CTh.7.8.6

Theodosian Code 7.8.6

Idem aa. vincentio praefecto praetorio. cunctos iudices scire volumus a praetoriis ordinariorum iudicum his praesentibus abstinendum. dat.

The same emperors to Vincentius, Praetorian Prefect. We wish all judges to know that, when these are present, there must be abstention from the praetoria (headquarters) of the ordinary judges. Given.

xvi kal. feb. mediolano stilichone et aureliano vv cc conss.

16 days before the Kalends of February, at Milan, when Stilicho and Aurelianus, most illustrious men, were consuls.

(400 ian. 17).

(400 Jan. 17).

CTh.7.8.7

Theodosian Code 7.8.7

Idem aa. pompeiano proconsuli africae. praedia ex gildonis hostis publici et satellitum eius bonis sociata domui nostrae ne transeuntes hospitii gratia intrent, decernimus, ut sciant omnes a possessoribus nostris penitus abstinendum, quinque auri libras multae nomine inferre cogendo, quisquis praedium nostrum manendi causa importunus intraverit. dat.

The same emperors to Pompeianus, proconsul of Africa. We decree that the estates joined to our household from the goods of Gildo, a public enemy, and of his satellites, be not entered by passers-by for the sake of hospitality,
so that all may know that they must entirely abstain from our possessors, by compelling anyone who shall importunately enter our estate for the purpose of staying to pay five pounds of gold by way of a fine.
Given.

vi id. iun. mediolano stilichone et aureliano conss. (400 iun.

on june 8, at milan, in the consulship of stilicho and aurelianus. (400 jun.

[ian.?] 8).

[Jan.?] 8).

CTh.7.8.8

Theodosian Code 7.8.8

Idem aa. aemiliano magistro officiorum. secuti suggestionem tuam a fabricensium domibus omnem molestiam hospitum praecipimus amoveri. de qua re et ad illustrem virum comitem et magistrum militum per orientem sacras litteras dedimus, ut det antiochenae civitatis fabricensibus excusandorum hospitiorum facultatem, absente scilicet sacro comitatu, quo et antiochensibus et ceterarum civitatum fabricis similis domorum excusatio praebeatur.

The same Augusti to Aemilianus, Master of the Offices. Following your suggestion, we command that from the houses of the fabricenses every burden of billeting be removed. About which matter we have also given sacred letters to the Illustrious Man, the Count and Magister Militum for the East, that he grant to the fabricenses of the city of Antioch the power of being excused from billeting, the Sacred Retinue being, of course, absent, whereby both to the Antiochenes and to the fabricae of the other cities a like exemption of houses may be afforded.

dat. xi kal. feb.

given 11 days before the kalends of february.

constantinopoli stilichone et aureliano conss. (400

at constantinople, with stilicho and aurelian as consuls. (400

[405] ian. 22).

[405] Jan. 22).

CTh.7.8.9

Theodosian Code 7.8.9

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. sapidiano. licet proxime iusserimus quinque librarum auri condemnatione proposita praedia, quae ex gildonis bonis ad nostrum aerarium delata sunt, ab hospitibus excusari, nunc etiam praecipimus, ut omnes domus ex eodem iure venientes, in quibuslibet civitatibus sunt constitutae, ab hospitibus excusentur, quo possint conductores facilius inveniri.

The Emperors Honorius and Theodosius, Augusti, to Sapidianus. Although we have most recently ordered, with a condemnation of five pounds of gold proposed, that the estates which have been transferred to our treasury from the goods of Gildo be excused from billeting,
now also we prescribe that all houses coming under the same right, in whatever cities they are established, be excused from billeting, in order that lessees may be found more easily.

si quis igitur contra nostram fecerit iussionem, multa pridem ferietur inflicta. proposita karthagine viii id. aug. honorio viii et theodosio iii aa. conss.

If anyone therefore shall act against our command, he will be struck by the penalty long since inflicted. Posted at Carthage on the 8th day before the Ides of August, Honorius in his 8th and Theodosius in his 3rd consulship, Augusti, consuls.

(409 aug. 6).

CTh.7.8.10pr.

CTh.7.8.10 preface.

Idem aa. iohanni praefecto praetorio. devotum possessorem ab omni inquietudine liberamus. (413 iun.

The same emperors to John, praetorian prefect. We free the devoted possessor from all disturbance. (413 June.

12).

CTh.7.8.10.1

Theodosian Code 7.8.10.1

Primo igitur omnium ad nullum praedium per africam vel publicum vel privatum domus nostrae vel cuiuscumque iuris nullus metator accedat, si a quoquam fuerit destinatus. licentiam enim domino actori ipsique plebi serenitas nostra conmisit, ut eum, qui praeparandi gratia ad possessionem venerit, multandi expellendi habeat facultatem nec crimen aliquod pertimescat, cum sibi arbitrium ultionis suae sciat esse concessum recteque sacrilegium arceat qui primus invenerit. administrantem vero eiusque officii proceres, quorum praecepto inhibitam personam ad agrum aliquem destinarit, in tempore proscribi debere censemus.

Therefore first of all, let no metator approach any praedium throughout Africa, whether public or private, of our house or of whatever right, if he has been assigned by anyone. For our Serenity has granted license to the owner, the actor, and the plebs themselves, that they have the faculty of fining and expelling him who shall have come to the possession for the sake of preparation, and let him not dread any charge, since he knows that the discretion of his own retribution has been granted to him; and let him who first has found it rightly ward off sacrilege. But we judge that the administrator and the chiefs of his office, at whose command he shall have assigned to some field the person who has been prohibited, ought to be proscribed in due time.

(413 iun. 12).

(June 12, 413).

CTh.7.8.10.2

Codex Theodosianus 7.8.10.2

Solam sane hospitalitatem sub hac observatione concedimus, ut nihil ab hospite, quod vel hominum vel animalium pastui necessarium creditur, postuletur omniumque sit adceleratum iter atque continuum nec ulli liceat residere, ne diuturnitas conmanentium ulla ex parte praedium vexet. decem etiam librarum auri multa ferietur, quisquis administrator togatus apparitor ullus aut militans vel iter agens ullo in loco aliquid ab hospite postularit. in tantum enim inhiberi sceleratum morem iubemus, ut ipsis quoque praebentibus impunitum esse non patiamur, si quid vel sponte contra praeceptum nostrum probati fuerint obtulisse.

We grant only hospitality under this proviso, that nothing be demanded from the host which is believed necessary for the feeding of humans or animals, and that everyone’s journey be hastened and continuous, and that it be permitted to no one to remain behind, lest the long duration of those staying should in any part vex the estate. ten pounds of gold also will be the fine that strikes whoever—any administrator, any toga-clad apparitor, or one serving as a soldier or traveling—shall in any place have demanded anything from a host. for we order that this wicked custom be curbed to such an extent that we do not allow even the providers themselves to be unpunished, if they shall have been proven to have offered anything, even voluntarily, contrary to our precept.

dat. prid. id. iun.

Dated the day before the Ides of June.

ravenna post cons. honori viiii et theodosii v aa. (413 iun. 12).

ravenna after the consulship of honorius 9th and
theodosius 5th, augusti. (413 june 12).

CTh.7.8.11

Theodosian Code 7.8.11

Idem aa. probo comiti sacrarum largitionum. post alia: de hospitalitate iudicum et omnium personarum quid sibi etiam ipse possessor praesumere debeat quave censura omnia, quae ad sui dispendium pertinebunt, submota sint, iam missa super hac re auctoritas declaravit. praelata litteris ad eutychianum praef.

The same Emperors, to Probus, Count of the Sacred Largesses. After other matters: concerning the hospitality of judges and of all persons, what even the possessor himself ought to presume for himself, and by what censure all things that will pertain to his own expense are removed, the authority already sent on this matter has declared. Set before the letters to Eutychianus, the Prefect.

urbi die iiii id. ian. constantio et constante vv cc conss. (414 ian.

at the City, on the 4th day before the Ides of January, in the consulship of Constantius and Constans, most distinguished men, consuls. (414 Jan.

10).

CTh.7.8.12

The Theodosian Code 7.8.12

Idem aa. hadriano praefecto praetorio. africae hoc prospectum est, ut infausta hospitalitatis praebitio tolleretur, nec privatum quisque a domino aedium postulet. et cetera.

The same Augusti to Hadrianus, praetorian prefect. For Africa provision has been made that the ill-omened proffering of hospitality be abolished, nor should any private person demand it from the master of a house. And the rest.

dat. v non. mart.

Dated on the 5th day before the Nones of March.

ravenna constantio et constante conss. (414 mart. 3).

ravenna, in the consulship of Constantius and Constans (414 March 3).

CTh.7.8.13

Theodosian Code 7.8.13

Idem aa. eustathio praefecto praetorio. devotissimos milites ex procinctu redeuntes vel proficiscentes ad bella muri novi sacratissimae urbis singulae turres in pedeplanis suis suscipiant. nec aliquis possessorum graviter ferat quasi illa dispositione, quae super publicis aedificiis processerat, violata, cum privatae quoque domus tertiam partem talis rei gratia soleant exhibere.

The same emperors to Eustathius, praetorian prefect. Let the several towers of the new wall of the most sacred city receive in their ground floors the most devoted soldiers returning from the battle-line or setting out for wars. Nor let any of the possessors take it hard, as if that arrangement which had been promulgated concerning public buildings were violated, since private houses also are wont to furnish a third part for the sake of such a matter.

dat. v non. mart.

dated 5 days before the Nones of March.

constantinopoli honorio xiii et theodosio x aa. conss. (422 mart. 3).

at constantinople honorius 13 and theodosius 10, the augusti, consuls. (422 mar. 3).

CTh.7.8.14

Theodosian Code 7.8.14

Impp. theodosius et valentinianus aa. helioni patricio et magistro officiorum. universi cuiuslibet ordinis, cuiuslibet etiam dignitatis, si quidem felicibus pro salute rei publicae expeditionibus occupati aliarum provinciarum aliarumque urbium domiciliis detinemur, propriis domibus nullo vetante pro dignitatibus suis vel praestitis sibi beneficiis perfruantur; si vero secundum communia vota securi intra huius florentissimae urbis tecta residemus, nullius specialiter domum illustrium quoque, etiamsi ad summa conscenderint fastigia dignitatum, praeter singulas tantum, in quibus eosdem manere constiterit, excusari ab hospitibus praecipimus cessante omni beneficio principali.

The Emperors Theodosius and Valentinian, Augusti, to Helio, patrician and master of offices. All persons of whatever order, and of whatever rank, if indeed, occupied with happy expeditions for the safety of the commonwealth, we are detained at the dwellings of other provinces and of other cities, shall enjoy their own houses, with no one forbidding, in proportion to their dignities or to the benefices bestowed upon them; but if, according to the common prayers, we reside secure beneath the roofs of this most flourishing city, we command that the house of no one in particular, even of illustrious men, even if they have climbed to the highest pinnacles of dignities, be excused from guests, except only the single ones in which it has been established that they themselves dwell, with every imperial benefit ceasing.

dat. x kal. iul.

given on the 10th day before the kalends of july.

constantinopoli hierio et ardabure vv cc conss. (427 iun. 22).

at Constantinople, Hierius and Ardaburius, most distinguished men, consuls. (427 June 22).

CTh.7.8.15

Theodosian Code 7.8.15

Idem aa. iohanni comiti et magistro officiorum. nemo in hac alma urbe, qui propriae domus possessione laetatur, militari sacramento munitus alterius domum infestare pertemptet, sed aut sua contentus abstineat aliena aut certe in suis recipiat, qui in alterius sibi metatum existimat vindicandum. nec enim videtur esse conveniens, cum illustribus viris unam, in qua ipsi habitant, domum excusare concessum sit, alios et suas omnibus domus extruere et alienis aedibus inferre molestiam.

The same Augusti to John, count and master of the offices. Let no one in this nurturing city, who rejoices in the possession of his own house, armed with the military oath,
attempt to infest another’s house; but either, content with his own, let him abstain from what is another’s, or else let him surely receive in his own that which he, for himself, thinks a billet in another’s must be claimed.
For it does not seem fitting, since it has been granted to illustrious men to excuse one house, in which they themselves dwell, that others both everywhere erect houses for themselves and bring annoyance upon others’ buildings.

dat. viii kal. mart.

dated the 8th day before the Kalends of March.

constantinopoli theodosio a. xiii et qui fuerit nuntiatus. (430 febr. 22).

At Constantinople, Theodosius Augustus 13, and whoever shall have been announced.
(430 Feb. 22).

CTh.7.8.16pr.

Theodosian Code 7.8.16, preface.

Idem aa. valerio magistro officiorum et ex consule ordinario. consulares viri binas proprias domos in hac alma urbe ab hospitum molestia habeant sibi inmunes. sin vero fati munus expleverint adque ad liberos vel parentes, fratres sororesve, uxores etiam domus eorum fuerint delatae, una e duabus aliena sit a metatorum molestia.

The same emperors to Valerius, Master of the Offices and former ordinary consul. Men of consular rank may have two private houses apiece in this nurturing city exempt for themselves from the annoyance of guests. if, however, they shall have fulfilled the gift of fate and the houses have been transferred to children or parents, brothers or sisters, even to wives, let one of the two be free from the annoyance of quartermasters.

sed et si unam quis eorum dereliquerit domum, illa ipsa in memoratorum excusetur personis. (435 mart. 12).

but also, if anyone of them has left only one house, let that very house be excused for the persons mentioned. (435 mart. 12).

CTh.7.8.16.1

Theodosian Code 7.8.16.1

His vero, qui praefecturae dignitatem habent aut ipsius apicis administratione aut actu magisteriae militum potestatis aut quod praepositi sacri nostri cubiculi fuerint aut quod honorarios eiusdem praefecturae meruerint codicillos, cum priore lege una domus excusaretur, alterius etiam, si habere in hac alma urbe eos contigerit, dimidiam partem nostra liberalitate, dum in vita versantur, ita excusari decernimus, ut de altera parte dimidia pars tertia hospitibus deputetur: post fata vero si ad parentes liberos fratres sorores uxoresve fuerint delatae, duas ab una domo partes ipsis electionem habentibus metatorum molestia liberari, tertiae videlicet partis parte tertia hospitibus praestanda. aliis sane illustribus viris, quibus una domus honoris excusatur gratia, hoc praebendum esse censemus, ut, si ipsi decesserint et eorum domus ad supra scriptas personas pervenerint, medietatem domus, quam ipsi elegerint, habeant excusatam, altera videlicet parte dimidia hospitiorum praebitioni in parte tertia subicienda. dat.

For those indeed who hold the dignity of the prefecture, either by the administration of the very apex, or by the actual exercise of the power of the Mastership of Soldiers, or because they have been praepositi of our sacred bedchamber, or because they have earned honorary codicils of the same prefecture, whereas under the earlier law one house was excused, we decree by our liberality that also of another house, if it should happen that they have it in this kindly city, while they live, half be thus excused, on condition that of the other half a third part be assigned to guests; but after death, if the houses shall have been conveyed to parents, children, brothers, sisters, or wives, two parts out of one house, they having the choice, shall be freed from the annoyance of billeting, with a third part, namely, of the third part to be furnished to guests. For other, to be sure, Illustrious men, for whom one house is excused by favor of honor, we judge this to be afforded: that, if they themselves shall have died and their house shall have come to the above-written persons, they shall have excused the moiety of the house which they themselves shall have chosen, the other half, namely, being subjected to the provision of lodgings in a third part. Given.

iiii id. mart. constantinopoli d. n. theodosio a. xv et qui fuerit nuntiatus. (435 mart.

On the 4th day before the Ides of March, at Constantinople, when our lord Theodosius was consul for the 15th time, and whoever should have been announced. (435 Mar.

12).

CTh.7.9.0. De salgamo hospitibus non praebendo

CTh.7.9.0. On not providing salted provisions to guests

CTh.7.9.1

Impp. constantius et constans aa. ad provinciales. quicumque propria voluntate eum, quem domum receperit, necessariis rebus, oleo et ligno aliisve huiusmodi voluerit adiuvare, facultatem sibi istius rei sciat esse concessam.

The Emperors Constantius and Constans, Augusti, to the provincials. Whoever of his own will wishes to aid the one whom he has received into his house with necessary things, with oil and wood or other things of this kind, let him know that the faculty for that matter has been granted to him.

quod si quis contra interdictum nostrum eadem ipsa a vobis violenter voluerit usurpare, interpellandi praepositum habebitis copiam deque iniuria conquerendi liberam facultatem, ut nec spontanea in vobis humanitas retardetur nec contra voluntatem vestram ac patronorum vestrorum familiaris res adteratur. dat. prid.

But if anyone, contrary to our interdict, should wish violently to usurp those very things from you, you will have the means of interpellating the praepositus and the free faculty of complaining concerning the injury, so that neither the spontaneous humanity in you be hindered nor, against your will and that of your patrons, your household property be worn away. Given, the day before.

id. aug., acc. capuae acyndino et proculo conss. (340 aug.

the ides of august, received at capua, acyndinus and proculus, consuls. (340 aug.

12).

CTh.7.9.2

Theodosian Code 7.9.2

Idem aa. leontio praefecto praetorio. ne quis comitum vel tribunorum aut praepositorum aut militum nomine culcitas lignum oleum a suis extorqueat hospitibus nec volentibus, vel magistratibus vel hospitibus in praedictis speciebus aliquid auferant, sed provinciales sint nostri ab hac praebitione securi, comitibus tribunis vel certe praepositis militibusque gravi vexationi subiacentibus. dat.

The same Augusti to Leontius, praetorian prefect. That no one, under the name of counts or tribunes or praepositi or soldiers, extort cushions, wood, or oil from their unwilling hosts; nor are they to take anything of the aforesaid kinds either from magistrates or from hosts, but let our provincials be secure from this provision, counts, tribunes, or at any rate praepositi and soldiers being subject to severe penalty. Given.

v id. oct. ...... conss. (a. 340/361 oct.

5th day before the Ides of October ......
in the consulship. (year 340/361, Oct.

11).

CTh.7.9.3

Theodosian Code 7.9.3

Imppp. valentinianus, theodosius et arcadius aaa. abundantio, stilichoni et ceteris comitibus utriusque militiae.

emperors valentinian, theodosius and arcadius, the augusti, to abundantio, stilicho, and the other counts of both militias.

nemo militum a suo hospite salgami aliquid nomine postulet, id est ne lignum aut oleum culcitaeve poscantur. dat. iiii kal.

let none of the soldiers demand from his host anything under the name of "salgama," that is, let not wood or oil or mattresses be asked for. given on the 4th day before the Kalends.

aug. constantinopoli theodosio a. iii et abundantio v c conss. (393 iul.

Aug. at Constantinople, under Theodosius, Augustus, for the 3rd time, and Abundantius, a most distinguished man, consuls. (393 Jul.

29).

CTh.7.9.4

Theodosian Code 7.9.4

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. aureliano ii praefecto praetorio. nullus eorum, qui per quaslibet aedes habitaculi causa recepti fuerint, vel oleum et ligna flagitare contendat, nam et sic militibus nostrae sufficient largitates et collatoribus annua tantummodo semper imminebit indictio.

the emperors honorius and theodosius, augusti, to aurelianus 2, praetorian prefect. let none of those who have been received for the purpose of lodging in any houses
either attempt to demand oil and firewood; for even thus our largesses will suffice for the soldiers, and upon the contributors (collators) there will always press only the annual imposition (indiction).

dat. vi id. mai. theodosio a. vii et palladio viro clarissimo conss.

Given on May 10, in the consulship of Theodosius Augustus for the 7th time and of Palladius, a most distinguished man, consuls.

(416 mai. 10).

(416 May 10).

CTh.7.10.0. Ne quis in palatiis maneat

CTh.7.10.0. Let no one remain in the palaces

CTh.7.10.1pr.

CTh.7.10.1 preface.

Imppp. arcadius, honorius et theodosius aaa. ad anthemium praefectum praetorio.

the emperors arcadius, honorius and theodosius, augusti, to anthemius, praetorian prefect.

nulli manendi intra palatia nostra in qualibet civitate vel mansione facultas pateat, sed ea provinciarum rectores et vicarios illustrissimae praefecturae per dioeceses, quas sortiti sunt, maneat cura, ut ab eorum usurpatione, qui in his transeuntes manere consueverant, sacrae domus serventur inmunes, et eorundem provisione nulla neglegentia vel senio quatiantur. (405 iul. 10).

let no license of remaining within our palaces in any city
or lodging be open to anyone; but let the care of them remain with the governors of the provinces and the vicars of the Most Illustrious Prefecture through the dioceses to which they have been allotted,
so that the sacred houses may be kept immune from the usurpation of those who, when passing through, were accustomed to stay in them, and by the provision of those same persons let them be shaken by no negligence or decay. (405 July 10).

CTh.7.10.1.1

Theodosian Code 7.10.1.1

Quod nisi omni instantia fuerit observatum, triginta libras a vicariis, xx a consularibus seu praesidibus totidemque ab eorum officiis multae nomine profligentur, ita ut ne curiales quidem a condemnatione se cognoscant inmunes futuros. (405 iul. 10).

Unless this has been observed with all insistence, 30 pounds shall be exacted from the vicarii, 20 from the consulars or presidents, and the same amount from their offices in the name of a mulct, such that not even the curials should consider themselves immune from condemnation. (405 Jul. 10).

CTh.7.10.1.2

Ii quoque, qui huiusmodi sibi mansionem prava temeritate praesumpserint, si vel dignitate aliqua vel fortunis nituntur, xx librarum auri condemnationi subiaceant: qui humilioris fortunae sunt, exilio tradantur. (405 iul. 10).

Those also, who by perverse rashness shall have presumed upon a lodging of this kind for themselves, if they rely either on some rank or on resources, shall be subject to a condemnation of 20 pounds of gold
to condemnation: those who are of humbler fortune shall be consigned to exile. (405 July 10).

CTh.7.10.1.3

Equos sane non nostros ab stabulis prohiberi palatiorum supervacuum iudicamus. dat. vi id. iul.

We judge it superfluous that horses not belonging to us be prohibited from the stables of the palaces. given on the 6th day before the Ides of July.

ancyrae stilichone ii et anthemio conss. (405 iul. 10).

at ancyra, with Stilicho for the 2nd time and Anthemius, consuls. (405 Jul. 10).

CTh.7.10.2

Idem aaa. anthemio praefecto praetorio. ordinarii iudices in remotis ab aggere publico civitatibus, si praetoria non sint, metu legis adempto, quae de palatiis lata est, in aedibus, etiamsi palatii nomine nuncupentur, commanendi habeant facultatem.

The same Emperors to Anthemius, Praetorian Prefect. The ordinary judges in cities remote from the public embankment, if there are no praetoria, with the fear of the law removed,
which was passed concerning palaces, may have the faculty of lodging in edifices, even if they are called by the name of a palace.

dat. viiii kal. dec.

Dated 9 days before the Kalends of December.

constantinopoli honorio vii et theodosio ii aa. conss. (407 nov. 23).

at constantinople, honorius 7 and theodosius 2, emperors, consuls. (407 nov. 23).

CTh.7.11.0. Ne comitibus et tribunis lavacra praestentur.

CTh.7.11.0. That baths are not to be provided to counts and tribunes.

CTh.7.11.1

Imppp. arcadius, honorius et theodosius aaa. anthemio praefecto praetorio.

emperors arcadius, honorius and theodosius, augusti, to anthemius, praetorian prefect.

omnem vel ex pristini severitate decreti vel ex hoc sacro praecepto, quod sub eadem poena profertur, inquietudinem a curiis et civitatibus praecipimus prohiberi nec ullas privatas ab his succendi balneas ad tribunorum sive ad minorum comitum usus, sed illustribus tantum viris comitibus ac magistris militum, si tamen id voluerint, concessum esse cognoscant hoc ministerium. dat. v kal.

we order that every inquietude, whether from the severity of the former decree or from this sacred precept, which is promulgated under the same penalty, be prohibited from the curiae and cities,
and that no private bathhouses be kindled by them for the use of tribunes or of lesser counts,
but let them understand that this service is granted only to illustrious men, the counts and the masters of soldiers, if indeed they should wish it.
Given 5 Kalends.

dec. constantinopoli arcadio a. vi et probo v c conss. (406 nov.

dec. at constantinople, under arcadius, augustus, for the 6th time, and probus, a most distinguished man, consuls. (406 nov.

27).

CTh.7.11.2

Theodosian Code 7.11.2

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. monaxio praefecto praetorio. lege dudum lata, quae omnem licentiam exigendi ab provincialibus lavacra tribunis et comitibus inferioribus denegavit, duces limitis eufratensis diurnos tremisses pro lignis et balneis exegisse comperimus.

The Emperors Honorius and Theodosius, Augusti, to Monaxius, praetorian prefect. By a law formerly enacted, which denied to tribunes and lower counts all license of exacting bath-fees from the provincials, we have discovered that the duces of the Euphrates frontier have exacted daily tremisses for wood and baths.

ideoque praecipimus memorati limitis duces, quos abhinc triennio talia sibi contra legem lucra vindicasse constiterit, in duplum ea redhibere et in posterum sub eiusdem poenae metu hanc exactionis licentiam prohiberi. dat. v kal.

and therefore we order the dukes of the aforesaid frontier, those whom it shall have been established to have claimed such gains for themselves contrary to the law within the past three years, to restore them in double and in for the future that this license of exaction be prohibited under the fear of the same penalty. dated 5 kal.

aug. constantinopoli honorio a. xi et constantio ii v c conss. (417 iul.

at constantinople, in the consulship of honorius, augustus, for the 11th time, and of constantius, vir clarissimus, for the 2nd time, consuls.
(july 417.)

28).

CTh.7.12.0. De commeatu

CTh.7.12.0. On leave

CTh.7.12.1

Imp. constantinus a. et c. ne cui liceat praepositorum vel decurionum vel tribunorum cohortium quocumque genere cuiquam de militibus a castris atque signis vel his etiam locis, quibus praetendant, discedendi commeatum dare. si quis vero contra legem facere ausus fuerit et militem contra interdictum commeatu dimiserit atque id temporis nulla eruptio erit, tunc deportatione cum amissione bonorum adficiatur; sin vero aliqua barbarorum incursio extiterit et tunc, cum praesentes in castris atque aput signa milites esse debeant, quisquam afuerit, capite vindicetur.

The Emperor Constantine, Augustus and Caesar, [decrees] that it be permitted to none of the prepositi or decurions or tribunes of the cohorts, of whatever kind, to grant leave of absence to any of the soldiers from the camp and the standards, or even from those places where they are on outpost duty. But if anyone shall have dared to act against the law and has dismissed a soldier on leave contrary to the interdiction, and at that time there will be no sortie, then let him be subjected to deportation together with loss of goods; but if some incursion of barbarians has arisen, and then, when the soldiers ought to be present in the camp and at the standards, anyone is absent, let him be punished with capital punishment.

dat. iiii kal. mai.

Given on April 28.

severo et rufino conss. (323 apr. 28).

in the consulship of severus and rufinus (323 apr. 28).

CTh.7.12.2

Imppp. gratianus, valentinianus et theodosius aaa. ad syagrium magistrum officiorum.

the emperors gratian, valentinian and theodosius, augusti, to syagrius, master of the offices.

quicumque de scriniis aut agentibus in rebus vel etiam ex officiis palatinis, his videlicet, qui sacrarum et privatarum remunerationum comitibus obsecundant, sex mensum spatium supra diem commeatus aut iussionem evectionis afuerit, is in inferiorem locum quinque antelatis posterioribus revolvatur, is vero, qui anni vacationem arbitratu proprio iudiciarii praecepti oblitus adsumpserit, a decem post se militantibus transeatur, ac deinde, cum iam aliquis desidia quadriennii officium proprium adire neglexerit, quadraginta de sequentibus postferatur, qui vero ne post quadriennii quidem tempus, militantum non inmerito matriculis auferatur. dat. kal.

Whoever from the scrinia or the agentes in rebus, or even from the palatine offices—namely those who attend upon the Counts of the Sacred and the Private Largesses—has been absent for a space of six months beyond the day of leave or the order for evectio (conveyance), let him be rolled back to a lower place, with five of those who were later now set before him; but he who, by his own arbitrium, forgetful of the judicial precept, has assumed a year’s vacation, let him be passed over by ten who serve after him; and then, when someone, through the sloth of four years, has neglected to enter upon his proper office, let him be postponed behind forty of the following; but he who not even after the period of four years [does so], let him, not undeservedly, be removed from the matriculae of those in service. Given on the Kalends.

oct. auxonio et olybrio conss. (379 oct.

oct. with Auxonius and Olybrius as consuls. (379 oct.

1).

CTh.7.12.3

Theodosian Code 7.12.3

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. ad andromachum praefectum urbi. post alia: hi, qui vacationem temporariam, ut saepe adsolet, impetrarint, nihil sibi necessitatis usurpent, nullorum actibus misceantur.

the emperors arcadius and honorius, augusti, to andromachus, prefect of the city. after other matters: those who have obtained a temporary exemption, as often is customary,
should usurp no necessity for themselves; let them be mixed in no one’s acts.

quorum si quis post exactum commeatus diem indultum beneficium morando corruperit, nihil agere intra provinciam possit, intellegens se praeterea praecepto rectoris provinciae ea tenendum legis poena, qua desides gradus proprii deminutione puniti sunt. dat. prid.

of whom, if anyone, after the day of leave has elapsed, shall have spoiled the indulted benefit by lingering,
he shall be able to do nothing within the province, understanding himself moreover, by the precept of the rector of the province, to be held to that penalty of the law by which the slothful have been punished with a diminution of their proper grade. Given, the day before.

non. iun. mediolano olybrio et probino conss.

june 5, at milan, in the consulship of olybrius and probinus.

(395 iun. 4).

(395 June 4).

CTh.7.13.0. De tironibus

CTh.7.13.0. On recruits

CTh.7.13.1

Imp. constantius a. ad praefectos praetorio. post alia: quotiens iuniores exhibendi sunt, non ante probentur, nisi praesentibus decurionibus origo eorum quaeratur, ita tamen, ut decurionibus haec fiducia denegetur, ne forte quis fugiens militiam addito nomine decurionis e militia abscedat: de auxiliaribus sane cuneis minime ducibus licentia concedatur, nisi prius certus redditus iudex rescribat, utrum minime decurio sit: ita ut ab anno decimo et nono ad militiam eligantur.

The Emperor Constantius Augustus to the Praetorian Prefects. After other matters: whenever young men are to be presented, let them not be approved beforehand, unless, with the decurions present, their origin is inquired into; yet in such a way that this confidence is denied to the decurions, lest perchance someone fleeing military service, by the addition of the name of decurion, depart from the army; as to the auxiliary cunei, by no means let license be granted to the leaders, unless first a definite report be returned in writing by a judge, as to whether he is not a decurion: in such a way that from the nineteenth year they are chosen for military service.

dat. pridie non. iul.

dated the day before the nones of july.

constantio a. vi et c. conss. (353 iul. 6).

under Constantius Augustus, consul for the 6th time, and the Caesar, consuls (353 July 6).

CTh.7.13.2

Theodosian Code 7.13.2

Impp. valentinianus et valens aa. ad fortunatianum. domum nostram ad exhibenda tironum corpora per eas provincias, a quibus corpora flagitantur, nolumus perurgueri: ceterum sinimus conveniri, in quibus pretia postulantur, ita ut ex certa praebitione redituum vicem concessionis istius repensemus.

The emperors Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, to Fortunatianus. We do not wish our household to be pressed, throughout those provinces from which bodies of recruits are demanded, to produce the bodies;
however, we allow it to be called to account where prices are sought, so that from a definite provision of revenues we may repay the equivalent
of this concession.

dat. prid. kal.

dated the day before the Kalends

feb. marcianopoli valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (368?

feb., at Marcianopolis, in the consulship of valentinian and valens, the augusti. (368?

370? ian. 31).

370? Jan. 31).

CTh.7.13.3

Codex Theodosianus 7.13.3

Idem aa. ad magnum vicarium urbis romae. in quinque pedibus et septem unciis usualibus delectus habeatur. dat.

The same emperors to Magnus, vicarius of the city of Rome. Let the selection be held at five feet and seven customary inches. Given.

v kal. mai. lupicino et iovino conss.

5 days before the Kalends of May
in the consulship of lupicinus and jovinus.

(367 apr. 27).

(April 27, 367).

CTh.7.13.4

Codex Theodosianus 7.13.4

Idem aa. ad magnum vicarium urbis romae. eos, qui amputatione digitorum castra fugiunt, secundum divi constantini decretum tua sinceritas non sinat manus deformatione defendi, si quidem possint in quacumque rei publicae parte prodesse qui se sponte truncaverunt. dat.

The same Augusti to Magnus, Vicarius of the City of Rome. Those who, by amputation of their fingers, flee the camp, according to the decree of the deified Constantine,
Your Sincerity should not allow to be protected by deformity of the hand, since indeed those who have mutilated themselves of their own accord can be of use in whatever part of the commonwealth. Given.

v kal. mai. lupicino et iovino conss.

on the 5th day before the Kalends of May, when Lupicinus and Jovinus were consuls.

(367 apr. 27).

CTh.7.13.5

The Theodosian Code 7.13.5

Idem aa. ad viventium praefectum praetorio galliarum. si quis ad fugienda sacramenta militiae fuerit inventus truncatione digitorum damnum corporis expedisse, et ipse flammis ultricibus concremetur et dominus eius, qui non prohibet, gravi condemnatione feriatur. dat.

The same Emperors to Viventius, Praetorian Prefect of the Gauls. If anyone is found to have procured bodily harm by the truncation of fingers to escape the sacraments of military service, let he himself be consumed by avenging flames, and his master, who does not prevent it, shall be struck with a severe condemnation. Given.

vi kal. mai. treviris valentiniano et valente aa. conss.

On April 26 at Trier, when Valentinian and Valens, the Augusti, were consuls.

(368? 370? 373?

apr. 26).

April 26).

CTh.7.13.6pr.

Idem aa. ad modestum praefectum praetorio. si oblatus iunior fuerit, qui censibus tenetur insertus, ex eo tempore, quo militiae sacramenta susceperit, proprii census caput excuset ac, si quinquennii tempus fida obsequii devotione compleverit, uxoriam quoque capitationem merito laborum praestet inmunem, ea scilicet servanda ratione, ut, quam sibi uxorem copulaverat affectu et in priore lare derelictam memorarit, improbata census sarcinam sustineat. (370 sept.

The same Emperors to Modestus, Praetorian Prefect. If a junior should be presented, who is held as entered in the censuses, from the time when he has received the military sacraments, let him be excused from the head of his own capitation, and, if he shall have completed the term of five years with the devotedness of faithful obsequy, let the wife’s capitation also, by the merit of his labors, be rendered exempt, this plan of course being observed, that the woman whom he had joined to himself as wife by affection and has stated to have been left behind in the former hearth-home, if disapproved, should sustain the burden of the census. (370 Sept.

18).

CTh.7.13.6.1

Nullus vero tironem vagum aut veteranum possit offerre, cum ad spontaneam singuli militiam propositae inmunitatis commodis invitentur. circa eos enim legis iubemus valere beneficium, qui indigenas atque ipsius provinciae finibus innutritos vel adfixos censibus vel adcrescentibus suis obtulerint iuniores; neque enim convenit illum inmunitate gaudere, qui vana oblatione vagi atque fugitivi vel veterani filii statum futurae conventionis inviserit. (370 sept.

But let no one be able to present a wandering recruit or a veteran, since individuals are invited to voluntary military service by the benefits of the immunity that has been set forth.
for we order that the benefit of the law avail for those who shall have presented youths who are natives and nurtured within the borders of the province itself, either attached to the census rolls or to their own household accessions;
for it is not fitting that he enjoy immunity who, by a vain offering, has encroached upon the status of the son of a vagrant and fugitive or of a veteran for a future summons. (September 370.

18).

CTh.7.13.6.2

Theodosian Code 7.13.6.2

Quod hactenus decernimus custodiri, ut oblatus numerus ex adcrescentibus primitus reparetur ac, si compensatio non potuerit convenire neque ex minoribus modus, qui oblatus fuerit, quiverit reparari, ita demum de publicis fascibus hi, qui ex superfluo veniunt, eximantur. dat. xiiii kal.

What we decree to be observed thus far is this: that the number tendered be restored first from the accretions, and, if compensation cannot be arranged
nor can the amount that was tendered be made good from the lesser ones, then and only then let those who come from surplus be removed from the public rolls. Given 14 days before the Kalends.

oct. hieropoli valentiniano et valente iii aa. conss. (370 sept.

October, at Hieropolis, when Valentinian and Valens, the Augusti, were consuls for the 3rd time (September 370

18).

CTh.7.13.7pr.

Theodosian Code 7.13.7 pr.

Imppp. valentinianus, valens et gratianus aaa. ad modestum praefectum praetorio.

The Emperors Valentinian, Valens, and Gratian, Augusti, to Modestus, Praetorian Prefect

tironum praebitio in patrimoniorum viribus potius quam in personarum muneribus collocetur, ut proto.. munus, quod provinciarum interna depascitur, ab imis, ut dicitur, radicibus eruatur. nam inter reliqua vitia haec duo vel maxime intolerabilia iudicamus, quod aurum saepe pro corporibus inmane deposcitur atque advenarum coemptio iuniorum insolentius quam convenit aestimatur. contra haec sane reperta est et facilitas et commoditas exigendi, cum neque excusari quisquam poterit, ut ante privilegio consueta fuerat hominis vindicatio, nec ullus, qui relevandus fuerit, perpetuae ingravationi addici.

let the providing of recruits be placed in the strength of patrimonies rather than in the duties of persons, so that the burden, which depastures the internal parts of the provinces, may be torn up from the lowest, as they say, roots. for among the remaining vices we judge these two as especially intolerable: that immense gold is often demanded in place of bodies, and that the coemption of newcomer youths is valued more insolently than is fitting. against these, indeed, both a facility and a convenience of exaction has been found, since no one will be able to be excused—just as formerly the vindication of a man was wont by privilege—nor will any who must be relieved be adjudged to a perpetual aggravation.

(375 iun. 2).

(375 June 2).

CTh.7.13.7.1

Illud etiam similiter definitum est, ut ii tantum a consortibus segregentur, quorum iugatio ita magna est, ut accipere non possit adiunctum, cum pro suo numero in exhibendo tirone solus ipse respondeat. inter quos vero possessionis exiguae necessitas coniunctionem postulat, functionis annorum et praebitionis vicissitudo servetur, quippe ut senatores ceterique, qui primo anno et suo et consortis nomine tironem dederint, insequenti vice habeantur immunes illique in praebitione succedant, a quorum conventione fuerit ante cessatum. quem ordinem, cum corpora postulantur, conveniet custodiri.

it has likewise been determined that only those be segregated from their consorts, whose iugation is so great that it cannot accept an adjunct,
since, for his own quota, in exhibiting a recruit he alone is responsible. but among those for whom the smallness of their possession demands a conjunction,
let the vicissitude of the years’ function and of praebition be observed, namely that senators and the rest who in the first year, both in their own and in their consort’s name,
shall have given a recruit, be held exempt in the next turn, and let those succeed in the praebition, from whose convention there had previously been a cessation. which
order it will be fitting to maintain when bodies are demanded.

sin vero aurum fuerit pro tironibus inferendum, unumquemque pro modo capitationis suae debitum redhibere oportet. (375 iun. 2).

But if indeed gold must be paid in in place of recruits, each one ought to render the due according to the measure of
his capitation. (375 June 2).

CTh.7.13.7.2

Ne aliquid dubium relinquatur, et solidorum numerum, qui temonario inferendus est, designamus, ut, sive senator honoratus principalis decurio vel plebeius tironem suo ac sociorum nomine ex agro ac domo propria oblaturus est, ita se a coniunctis accepturum solidos noverit, ut integri pretii modus in triginta tantummodo et sex solidis colligatur, ut deducta portione, quae parti ipsius competit, reliquum consequatur, sex tironi gratia vestis ac sumptuum praebiturus. (375 iun. 2).

Lest anything be left in doubt, we also designate the number of solidi that is to be paid to the temonarius, that, whether an honored senator, a principal decurion, or a plebeian is about to offer a recruit (tyro) in his own and his associates’ name from his own field and house, he may know that he will thus receive solidi from the associates such that the measure of the entire price is gathered in only 36 solidi, so that, the portion which pertains to his own share having been deducted, he obtains the remainder, being about to provide 6 to the recruit for the sake of clothing and expenses. (June 2, 375).

CTh.7.13.7.3

Ipsorum etiam, qui militaturi sunt, privilegiis accedentibus facilius devotio provocatur, videlicet ut universi, qui militaria sacramenta susceperint, eo anno, quo fuerint numeris adgregati, si tamen in suscepto labore permanserint, inmunes propriis capitibus mox futuri sint. completis vero quinque annorum stipendiis qui comitatensibus numeris fuerit sociatus, patris quoque et matris nec non et uxoris suae capitationem meritis suffragantibus excusabit. ii vero, qui in ripa per cuneos auxiliaque fuerint constituti, cum proprio capite uxorem suam tantum post quinque annos, ut dictum est, praestent inmunem, si tamen eos censibus constiterit adtineri.

The devotion of those themselves who are about to soldier is more easily provoked by privileges being appended, namely that all who shall have undertaken the military sacraments, in the year in which they shall have been aggregated to the units, provided they persevere in the undertaken toil, shall forthwith be immune in respect of their own capitation. But when the stipends of five years have been completed, he who shall have been associated with the comitatensian units will, his merits supporting him, excuse from capitation his father and mother and also his wife. Those, however, who shall have been stationed on the river (the frontier) among the cunei and the auxilia shall, together with their own head, render their wife only exempt after five years, as said, provided it has been established that they are held to the censuses.

et quia publica utilitas quoque cogitanda est, ne sub hac indulgentia insertae capitationis numerus minuatur, ex incensitis adque adcrescentibus in eorum locum, qui defensi militia fuerint, alios praecipimus subrogari. dat. iiii non.

and because the public utility too must be considered, lest under this indulgence the number of those entered on the capitation roll be diminished, we order that others, from the uncensused and the accruing, be substituted in the place of those who have been defended by military service. Given on the 4th day before the Nones.

iun. antiochiae post consulatum gratiani a. iii et equitii viri clarissimi. (375 iun.

June, at Antioch, after the consulship of Gratian Augustus, 3, and of Equitius, a most distinguished man. (June 375

2).

CTh.7.13.8

Theodosian Code 7.13.8

Imppp. gratianus, valentinianus et theodosius aaa. edictum ad provinciales.

Emperors gratian, valentinian, and theodosius, augusti. edict to the provincials.

inter optimas lectissimorum militum turmas neminem e numero servorum dandum esse decernimus neve ex caupona ductum vel ex famosarum ministeriis tabernarum aut ex cocorum aut pistorum numero vel etiam eo, quem obsequii deformitas militia secernit, nec tracta de ergastulis nomina. poenam etenim gravis dispendii nulla excusatione fugituri sunt, si hoc cuiusdam indicio illustribus viris magistris equitum peditum fuerit intimatum. sed cum illum animadversio dura damnavit offerentem, tum triplicata nobilioris tironis fatigabit illatio.

We decree that among the best squadrons of the most select soldiers no one from the number of slaves is to be given, nor one drawn from a tavern, nor from the services of infamous taverns, nor from the number of cooks or bakers, or even anyone whom the deformity of servile attendance separates from military service, nor names drawn from ergastula (workhouses). For they will by no excuse escape the penalty of a grievous forfeiture, if this has been intimated by someone’s information to the illustrious men, the magistri of cavalry and of infantry. But when harsh animadversion has condemned the one offering such a man, then a tripled imposition of a more noble tyro will burden him.

dat. iiii. kal.

dated the 4th day before the Kalends.

feb. constantinopoli gratiano a. v et theodosio a. i conss. (380 ian.

Feb. at Constantinople, when Gratian Augustus for the 5th time and
Theodosius Augustus for the 1st were consuls. (380 Jan.

29).

CTh.7.13.9

Theodosian Code 7.13.9

Idem aaa. neoterio praefecto praetorio. ex opportunis regionibus supplementa numeris mansuetudo nostra decrevit agitari: in id delectos quosque viros atque ab omni suspicione pravitatis alienos iussimus destinari.

The same emperors to Neoterius, Praetorian Prefect. Our Clemency has decreed that from suitable regions supplements for the units be set in motion: for this purpose we have ordered that each chosen man, and one alien from every suspicion of depravity, be assigned.

in his, si male se gesserint, corrigendis non mediocrem fore denuntiamus severa animadversione sententiam, cum iudices supplicium existimationis extremum et ultio inexpiabilis exceptura videatur, ne his quidem provincialibus temperatura, quos in officium ministeriumque praedarum vel capiendi ubertas vel formido simulata deduxerit. proposita vi kal. mai.

in correcting these persons, if they shall have conducted themselves badly, we announce that there will be no mediocre sentence, by severe animadversion, since the judges seem about to incur the extreme punishment of reputation and an inexpiable retribution,
nor will there be tempering even for those provincials whom either the abundance of things to be seized or simulated fear shall have led into the office and ministry of plunders. Published on April 26.

antiochia gratiano v et theodosio i aa. conss. (380 apr. 26).

antioch, with gratian 5 and theodosius 1, emperors, as consuls. (380 apr. 26).

CTh.7.13.10

Theodosian Code 7.13.10

Idem aaa. eutropio praefecto praetorio. qui spurca amputatione digiti usum declinat armorum, non evadat illa quae vitat, sed insignitus macula ferat impositum militiae laborem qui declinaverit dignitatem.

The same emperors to Eutropius, praetorian prefect. He who by a sordid amputation of a digit declines the use of arms, let him not evade what he seeks to avoid, but, marked with a macula, let him bear the imposed labor of military service, whoever has declined the dignity.

ipsis quin etiam provincialibus, qui ex horum ausis iuniorum saepe patiuntur penuriam praebendorum, haec optio inmobilis decernatur, ut tempore dilectus agitandi, ubi conmune coeperint conveniri, duos mutilos iuniores pro uno integro eminentiae tuae dispositionibus offerant. dat. non.

nay indeed to the provincials themselves, who, from the ventures of these juniors, often
suffer a shortage of those to be furnished, let this fixed option be decreed: that at the time of conducting the levy, when they shall have begun to be convened in common, two
maimed juniors be offered in place of one sound man, according to your Eminence’s dispositions. given on the Nones.

sept. hadrianopoli eucherio et syagrio conss. (381 sept.

sept. at hadrianopolis, in the consulate of eucherius and syagrius. (381
sept.

5).

CTh.7.13.11

Theodosian Code 7.13.11

Idem aaa. quisquis mancipium iuris alieni in tirocinium militiae duxerit offerendum, convictus ac proditus auri libram aerario nostro cogatur inferre. dat.

The same Augusti. Whoever shall have led a slave under another’s right to be offered into the tyrocinium of the militia, if convicted and denounced, shall be compelled to bring a pound of gold into our treasury. Given.

id. mai. tyro metropoli, proposita beryto antonio et syagrio conss. (382 mai.

On the Ides of May, at Tyre, the metropolis, posted at Berytus when Antonius and Syagrius were consuls (May 382.

15).

CTh.7.13.12

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. hyperechio comiti rerum privatarum. publica suasit utilitas iuniores in arma conscribere, ideoque ne patrimonium quidem nostrum a praestatione praesenti inmune esse patimur.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Hyperechius, Count of the Private Estates. Public utility has urged that the younger men be enrolled into arms, and therefore we do not allow even our patrimony to be immune from the present levy.

igitur per omnes provincias, per quas res nostra distenditur, ex patrimonio sacro maturitate qua convenit praeberi volumus iuniores. dat. xv kal.

Therefore through all the provinces through which our estate is extended, we will that younger men be supplied from the sacred patrimony with the promptitude that is fitting. Given on the 15th day before the Kalends.

iul. mediolano caesario et attico viris clarissimis conss. (397 iun.

jul. at milan, in the consulship of caesarius and atticus, most distinguished men, consuls. (397 jun.

17).

CTh.7.13.13

Theodosian Code 7.13.13

Idem aa. theodoro praefecto praetorio. amplissimi ordinis petitionibus adnuit nostra clementia, ut pro tironibus pretia inferantur. damus itaque optionem, ut quod conducibile senatui videtur eligendi habeat potestatem, id est aut tirones aptos officiis militaribus praestent aut pro singulis viginti quinque solidos numerent post initam videlicet sumptuum rationem et vestium et pastus.

The same emperors to Theodorus, Praetorian Prefect. Our clemency has assented to the petitions of the Most Ample Order, that payments be brought in in place of recruits. We grant therefore an option, so that the Senate may have the power of choosing what seems expedient to it, that is, either they provide recruits apt for military duties, or for each person they pay twenty-five solidi, after, namely, the reckoning of expenses for clothing and food has been entered.

quod si aurum dare maluerint, mox ad nostrum aerarium deferatur. dat. viii kal.

If they should prefer to give gold,
let it forthwith be brought to our treasury. Given on the 8th day before the Kalends.

oct. patavi caesario et attico viris clarissimis conss. (397 sept.

oct. at Patavium with Caesarius and Atticus, men of most illustrious rank, consuls. (397 sept.

24).

CTh.7.13.14pr.

Theodosian Code 7.13.14, preface.

Idem aa. minervio comiti rerum privatarum. aeternae urbis merita reverendam nobis amplissimi senatus efficient voluntatem. ideoque pro tironibus in corporibus postulatis pretia conferri iubemus ab amplissimo ordine.

The same Emperors, to Minervius, Count of the Private Estate. The merits of the Eternal City will make the will of the Most Ample Senate reverend to us. And therefore, for the recruits demanded from the corporations, we order that the prices be paid by the Most Ample Order.

(397 nov. 12).

(November 12, 397).

CTh.7.13.14.1

Quod in fundis etiam perpetuariis nostrae rei privatae servari praecipimus. dat. prid.

Which we also command to be observed on the perpetual leasehold estates of our private property. given, the day before.

id. nov. caesario et attico conss. (397 nov.

the Ides of November, in the consulship of Caesarius and Atticus (397 Nov.

12).

CTh.7.13.15

Theodosian Code 7.13.15

Idem aa. decio praefecto urbi. ad collationem iuniorum eos tantum oportet adtineri, quos constat dignitates legitimas beneficiis consecutos, non tamen si iusta privilegia suffragantur. dat.

The same Augusti to Decius, Prefect of the City. For the contribution of the iuniores only those ought to be held liable, whom it is established have by benefices attained legitimate dignities, not, however, if just privileges support them. Given.

viii id. dec. ravenna arcadio a. v et honorio a. v conss. (402 dec.

the 8th day before the Ides of December, at Ravenna, under the consulship of Arcadius Augustus for the 5th time and Honorius Augustus for the 5th time, consuls. (Dec. 402

6).

CTh.7.13.16

Imppp. arcadius, honorius et theodosius aaa. provincialibus.

The Emperors Arcadius, Honorius, and Theodosius, Augusti, to the provincials.

contra hostiles impetus non solas iubemus personas considerari, sed vires, et licet ingenuos amore patriae credamus incitari, servos etiam huius auctoritate edicti exhortamur, ut quamprimum se bellicis sudoribus offerant, praemium libertatis, si apti ad militiam arma susceperint, pulveratici etiam nomine binos solidos accepturi: praecipue sane eorum servos, quos militia armata detentat, foederatorum nihilo minus et dediticiorum, quoniam ipsos quoque una cum dominis constat bella tractare. dat. xv kal.

Against hostile assaults we order that not only persons be considered, but forces; and although we believe the freeborn are stirred by love of the fatherland, we exhort slaves also by the authority of this edict, that they offer themselves as soon as possible to the warlike toils, to receive the prize of liberty, if, fit for military service, they shall have taken up arms, and also, under the name of “dust-money” (pulveraticum), two solidi apiece: especially indeed the slaves of those whom the armed service detains, no less of the foederati and of the dediticii, since it is established that they too, together with their masters, conduct wars. Given on the 15th day before the Kalends.

mai. ravenna arcadio a. vi et probo viro clarissimo conss. (406 apr.

May. Ravenna, Arcadius, Augustus, for the 6th time, and Probus, a most distinguished man, consuls. (406 Apr.

17).

CTh.7.13.17

THEODOSIAN CODE 7.13.17

Idem aaa. provincialibus. provinciales pro inminentibus necessitatibus omnes invitamus edicto, quos erigit ad militiam innata libertas.

The same Augusti, to the provincials. We invite by edict all provincials for the imminent necessities, those whom inborn liberty raises to military service.

ingenui igitur, qui militiae obtentu arma capiunt amore pacis et patriae, sciant se denos solidos patratis rebus de nostro percepturos aerario, quibus tamen ternos ex summa supra dicta iam nunc solidos praeberi mandavimus, nam optimos futuros confidimus, quos virtus et utilitas publica necessitatibus obtulit. dat. xiii kal.

Therefore the freeborn, who under the title of military service take up arms out of love of peace and fatherland, should know that, when affairs have been brought to completion, they will receive ten solidi from our treasury, to whom, however, we have already now ordered that three solidi out of the above-stated sum be provided, for we trust they will prove the best, those whom virtue and public utility have presented to meet necessities. Given 13 days before the Kalends.

mai. ravenna arcadio a. vi et probo conss. (406 apr.

May. Ravenna, in the consulship of Arcadius, Augustus, for the 6th time, and Probus, consuls. (406 apr.

19).

CTh.7.13.18

Idem aaa. stilichoni comiti et magistro militum. iuniorum collatione, vel qui proxime in pretio ab honoratis pro rerum necessitate petiti sunt vel si umquam tale aliquid rei publicae ratio flagitaverit, inmunes haberi oportere decernimus, qui militiae praerogativa ad tribunatus praepositurasve pervenerint.

the same augusti to stilicho, count and master of the soldiers. we decree that those who, by the prerogative of military service, have attained to tribunates or prepositures ought to be held immune from the collatio of the iuniores, or from those payments which were most recently demanded in cash from the honorati by reason of the necessity of affairs, or if ever the interest of the commonwealth should require anything of this sort.

dat. xi kal. april.

Given on the 11th day before the Kalends of April (March 22).

honorio vii et theodosio ii aa. conss. (407 mart. 22).

honorius 7 and theodosius 2, Augusti, consuls. (407 March 22).

CTh.7.13.19

Theodosian Code 7.13.19

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. comiti sacrarum largitionum. tirones in scholis loco semper posteriore ponantur.

Emperors Honorius and Theodosius, Augusti, to the Count of the Sacred Largesses. Let recruits in the scholae always be placed in the rear position.

nec enim patimur quemquam celsiorem gradum obtinere, nisi cui et laborum adsiduitas et stipendiorum prolixitas suffragatur. dat. vii kal.

nor indeed do we permit
anyone to obtain a higher grade, unless both the assiduity of labors and the length of terms of service support him. given on the 7th day before the Kalends.

dec. ravenna basso et philippo conss. (408 nov.

Dec. Ravenna
under the consuls Bassus and Philippus. (Nov. 408

25).

CTh.7.13.20

Theodosian Code 7.13.20

Idem aa. macedonio comiti rerum privatarum. tirones tricenis solidis aestimatos ab omnibus officiis iudicum africae, exemplo praecedentis temporis, postulamus; quod simul etiam ab honoratis memoratarum provinciarum nec non sardiniae siciliae et corsicae. eos sane honores excipi ab his conveniet, quibus aut praesenti tempore publicum munus iniunctum est aut in italiae sive urbis solo barbara vastitate depulsi sunt.

The same Augusti to Macedonius, Count of the Private Estate. We require recruits, valued at 30 solidi, from all the offices of the judges of Africa, by the precedent of the preceding time,
which likewise also from the honorati of the aforesaid provinces and also of Sardinia, Sicily, and Corsica. It will indeed be fitting that those honorary charges be excepted for those on whom a public duty has at the present time been enjoined, or who have been driven from the soil of Italy or of the City by barbarian
devastation.

dat. vi id. feb. ravenna varane v. c. cons.

Dated February 8, at Ravenna, in the consulship of Varanes, a most distinguished man.

(410 febr. 8).

(410 feb. 8).

CTh.7.13.21

Theodosian Code 7.13.21

Idem aa. hadriano praefecto praetorio. tempore tironatus eorum procuratores, qui refugas occultandos putaverint aut non ipsi sponte produxerint, in iudicio praesententur ac poenas veluti rebelles ac decretorum temeratores compellantur exsolvere. dat.

The same emperors to Hadrianus, praetorian prefect. At the time of the levy, procurators who have thought that fugitives should be concealed or have not themselves of their own accord produced them shall be presented in court and compelled to pay penalties as rebels and rash violators of decrees. Given.

iii kal. feb. theodosio a. vii et palladio v. c. conss.

on january 30 (the 3rd day before the Kalends of February), when theodosius augustus for the 7th time and palladius, a most illustrious man, were consuls.

(416 [?] ian. 30).

(416 [?] Jan. 30).

CTh.7.13.22

Theodosian Code 7.13.22

Impp. theodosius et valentinianus aa. volusiano praefecto praetorio. mansura in saeculum auctoritate praecipimus proconsularis provinciae non eandem sacerdotalium, quae est de ceteris, in praebendis tironibus habendam esse rationem.

Emperors Theodosius and Valentinian, Augusti, to Volusianus, Praetorian Prefect. By authority destined to endure for the ages, we prescribe that, in furnishing recruits, the proconsular province is not to have the same reckoning concerning the sacerdotals as is held concerning the others.

non inique si quidem ea potissimum ab hoc officio provincia videtur excepta, quae omnium intra africam provinciarum obtinet principatum cuiusque maioribus sacerdotes fatigantur expensis, in quarum solacium indemnem esse convenit dignitatem. dat. v kal.

not unfairly, since indeed that province in particular seems to be excepted from this office, which holds the primacy of all the provinces within Africa, and by whose greater expenses the priests are wearied; for the alleviation of which it is fitting that their dignity be unimpaired. Given on the 5th day before the Kalends.

mart. ravenna felice et tauro vv. cc. conss. (428 febr.

Mar. Ravenna Felix and Taurus, most distinguished men, consuls.
(428 Febr.

25).

CTh.7.14.0. De burgariis

CTh.7.14.0. On the burgarii

CTh.7.14.1

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. vincentio praefecto praetorio. post alia: in burgariis eadem volumus observari, quae de mulionibus lex nostra praecepit, ut ii quoque, qui intra hispanias vel in quibuscumque locis ausi fuerint burgarios vel sollicitare vel receptare, eodem modo teneantur, similisque eos, qui publicis vestibus deputatos sollicitaverint vel receperint, et de coniunctione et de agnatione et de peculiis et de cunctis rebus quas in illis deprehendimus poena cohibeat.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Vincentius, praetorian prefect. After other matters: In the case of the burgarii we wish the same to be observed which our law prescribed concerning muleteers, so that those also who within the Spains or in whatever places shall have dared either to solicit or to harbor burgarii be held in the same manner, and let a like penalty restrain those who shall have solicited or received men appointed in public livery, and with respect to connection and to agnation and to peculia and to all the things which we have discovered among them.

dat. xi kal. mart.

dated the 11th day before the Kalends of March.

mediolano honorio a. iiii et eutychiano conss. (398 febr. 19).

at milan, under honorius augustus for the 4th time and eutychianus, consuls. (398 feb. 19).

CTh.7.15.0. De terris limitaneis

CTh.7.15.0. On the lands of the limitanei

CTh.7.15.1

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. gaudentio vicario africae. terrarum spatia, quae gentilibus propter curam munitionemque limitis atque fossati antiquorum humana fuerant provisione concessa, quoniam comperimus aliquos retinere, si eorum cupiditate vel desiderio retinentur, circa curam fossati tuitionemque limitis studio vel labore noverint serviendum ut illi, quos huic operi antiquitas deputarat.

The Emperors Honorius and Theodosius, Augusti, to Gaudentius, Vicarius of Africa. The stretches of land which had been conceded to the gentiles, on account of the care and fortification of the frontier and the ditch, by the human provision of the ancients, since we have learned that some retain them, if they are retained by their greed or desire, let them know that service must be rendered in the care of the ditch and the guarding of the frontier by zeal or by labor, like those whom antiquity had assigned to this work.

alioquin sciant haec spatia vel ad gentiles, si potuerint inveniri, vel certe ad veteranos esse non inmerito transferenda, ut hac provisione servata fossati limitisque nulla in parte timoris esse possit suspicio. dat. iii kal.

Otherwise let them know that these tracts are, not undeservedly, to be transferred either to the gentiles, if they can be found, or certainly to the veterans, so that, with this provision maintained
for the fosse and the limit, there can be no suspicion of fear in any part. Given on the 3 Kalends.

mai. ravenna honorio viii et theodosio iii aa. conss. (409 apr.

may. ravenna honorius 8 and theodosius 3 emperors, consuls. (409
apr.

29).

CTh.7.15.2

Theodosian Code 7.15.2

Idem aa. asclepiodoto praefecto praetorio et consuli ordinario. quicumque castellorum loca quocumque titulo possident, cedant ac deserant, quia ab his tantum fas est possideri castellorum territoria, quibus adscripta sunt et de quibus iudicavit antiquitas. quod si ulterius vel privatae condicionis quispiam in his locis vel non castellanus miles fuerit detentator inventus, capitali sententia cum bonorum publicatione plectatur.

The same Augusti, to Asclepiodotus, Prefect of the Praetorium and Ordinary Consul. Whoever holds the places of forts under whatever title, let them cede and abandon them, because it is right that the territories of forts be possessed only by those to whom they have been ascribed and concerning whom antiquity has judged. But if henceforth anyone of private condition in these places, or a soldier not a castellan, should be found a detainer, let him be punished with a capital sentence together with the publication (confiscation) of his goods.

dat. non. mart.

Dated the Nones of March.

constantinopoli asclepiodoto et mariniano conss. (423 mart. 7).

at Constantinople Asclepiodotus and Marinianus, consuls. (423 Mar. 7).

CTh.7.16.0. De litorum et itinerum custodia

CTh.7.16.0. On the custody of shores and roads

CTh.7.16.1

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. theodoro praefecto praetorio. hostis publicus stilicho novum adque insolitum reppererat, ut litora et portus crebris vallaret excubiis, ne cuiquam ex oriente ad hanc imperii partem pateret accessus.

the emperors honorius and theodosius, augusti, to theodorus, praetorian prefect. the public enemy stilicho had devised something novel and unheard-of, to wall about the shores and ports with frequent watches, lest access from the east lie open to anyone to this part of the empire.

huius iniquitate rei moti et ne rarior sit diversarum mercium commeatus, praecipimus hac sanctione, ut litorum desistat ac portuum perniciosa custodia et eundi ad redeundi libera sit facultas. dat. iiii id. dec.

Moved by the iniquity of this matter, and lest the traffic of diverse merchandise be rarer,
we command by this sanction that the pernicious custody of the shores and ports cease, and that there be a free faculty of going and of returning.
Given on the 4th day before the Ides of December.

ravenna basso et philippo conss. (408 dec. 10).

ravenna, under bassus and philip, consuls. (408 dec. 10).

CTh.7.16.2

Idem aa. anthemio praefecto praetorio. omnes stationes navium portus litora, omnes abscessus provinciarum, abdita quin etiam loca et insulae tuae magnificentiae dispositione sollerti custodiantur indagine, ut nullus vel vi vel clam, vel aperto vel etiam occulto nostri possit imperii regiones irrepere, qui non aut interiectis prohibeatur obicibus aut, cum accesserit, ilico teneatur, nisi sacros apices a domino patruo meo honorio ad me perferre apertissima ratione monstraverit: cum eadem diligentia observando, ut, si ad alium quemquam a memorato principe dixerit habere affatus, portitore detento sacrae litterae cum omnibus chartis signatae ad meam clementiam transmittantur. hoc enim et tyrannici furoris et barbaricae feritatis occasio persuadet et inter me domnumque et patruum meum honorium vicissim recurrente admonitione convenit.

The same Augusti, to Anthemius, Praetorian Prefect. Let all stations of ships, ports, shores, all the egresses of the provinces, and even hidden places and islands be guarded by the sagacious disposition of a dragnet by your Magnificence, so that no one can creep into the regions of our empire either by force or by stealth, whether openly or even secretly, who is not either prevented by interposed barriers or, when he has approached, is immediately detained, unless he shall have shown by the clearest demonstration that he is conveying sacred dispatches from my lord uncle Honorius to me: with the same diligence being observed, that, if he shall say he has a communication from the aforementioned prince to any other person, with the carrier detained, the sacred letter, signed together with all the papers, shall be sent to my clemency. For both the opportunity of tyrannical fury and of barbaric ferocity persuades this, and it has been agreed between me and my lord and uncle Honorius by a mutually recurring admonition.

dat. viii kal. mai.

Dated on the 8th day before the Kalends of May.

constantinopoli varane v c cons. (410 apr. 24).

at constantinople, with varanes, a most distinguished man, as consul. (410 apr. 24).

CTh.7.16.3

Idem aa. eustathio praefecto praetorio. saluberrima sanctione decrevimus, ne merces illicitae ad nationes barbaras deferantur, et quaecumque naves ex quolibet portu seu litore dimittuntur, nullam concussionem vel damna sustineant, gestis apud defensorem locorum praesente protectore seu duciano, qui dispositus est, sub hac observatione confectis, ut, et ad quas partes navigaturi sunt et quod nullam concussionem pertulerunt, apud acta deponant: quorum authenticum nauclerus sive mercator habebit scheda apud defensorem manente. dat.

The same Augusti to Eustathius, Praetorian Prefect. By a most health-giving sanction we have decreed that illicit merchandise not be carried to barbarian nations, and that whatever ships are sent off from any port or shore sustain no extortion or damages, the proceedings having been drawn up before the defensor of the place, with the protector or the ducal officer who is stationed being present, completed under this stipulation, that they deposit in the records both to which parts they are about to sail and that they have suffered no extortion: of which the authenticated copy the shipmaster or merchant shall have, the schedule remaining with the defensor. Given.

xiiii kal. oct. constantinopoli d. n. theodosio a. viiii et qui fuerit nuntiatus.

September 18, at Constantinople, in the consulship of our lord Theodosius, Augustus, 9, and whoever shall have been announced.

(420 sept. 18).

(420 Sept. 18).

CTh.7.17.0. De lusoriis danuvii

CTh.7.17.0. On the lusoria boats of the Danube

CTh.7.17.1

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. constanti magistro militum per thracias. nonaginta recenti fabricatione contextas, decem his adiectas ex veterum reparatione lusorias limiti mysiaco, centum vero decem novas additis antiquarum instauratione quindecim scythico, qui in latius diffusiusque porrigitur, sub hac deputari condicione sancimus, ut per singulos annos veterum renovatione curanda quattuor iudiciariae in mysiaco limite et decem agrarienses, in scythico vero quinque iudiciariae et duodecim agrarienses novae de integro constructae instrumentisque suis universis armatae ducis instantia apparitionisque eius periculo contexantur, ut hoc supplemento per septennium integri numeri constituti reparatio maturetur, sublimitate tua pro sua industria disponente, unde earum contextio vel constructio debeat procurari.

The Emperors Honorius and Theodosius, Augusti, to Constantius, Master of the Soldiers for the Thracias. We decree that ninety light river craft (lusoriae) woven by recent fabrication, with ten added to these from the repair of the old, for the Moesiac frontier, and one hundred ten new, with the restoration of fifteen of the ancient added, for the Scythic [frontier], which stretches more broadly and more diffusely, be assigned under this condition: that each year, with the renewal of the old to be cared for, four “judiciary” and ten “agrarian” [units] on the Moesiac limit, and on the Scythic, five “judiciary” and twelve “agrarian,” new, constructed afresh and armed with all their instruments, be put together by the urgency of the dux and at the peril of his apparitorial staff, so that by this supplement over a seven-year period the repair of the established full numbers may be expedited, Your Sublimity, according to your industry, arranging from where their joining or construction ought to be procured.

quod quidem iam recte credimus constitutum nobisque indicari praecipimus. nam si memoratus lusoriarum numerus cum omni suo instrumento non fuerit apparatus, dux quidem, cuius tempore dispositio fuerit ista neglecta, triginta librarum auri, officium vero eius quinquaginta procul dubio multabitur, etiam sublimitatis tuae officio quinquaginta libras auri condemnationi subiciendo, si non per singulos annos aut completum numerum aut certe neglegentia praetermissum magisteriae potestati suggesserit. illo nihilo minus observando, ut, istis secundum dispositionem tuae praestantiae ad belli aleam praeparatis adque in conflictus specula munitissimam stationem vel discursus opportunitatem deligentibus hae dumtaxat, quaecumque ex veteribus fuerint reformatae, transvectioni speciei annonariae secernantur.

which indeed we now believe to have been rightly constituted, and we order to have it indicated to us. For if the aforesaid number of lusoriae with all
its instrument has not been made ready, the duke, in whose time that arrangement shall have been neglected, shall without doubt be fined thirty pounds of gold, and his office
fifty; likewise by subjecting the office of Your Sublimity to a condemnation of fifty pounds of gold, if it shall not, in each year, have suggested to the magisterial power either the complete
number or at least what has been passed over through negligence. This nevertheless must be observed: that, these, according to the disposition of your Excellence, prepared for the hazard of war and, in the face of conflicts, choosing the most fortified watch-station
or an opportunity for sorties, those only—whatever from the old ones shall have been re‑formed—be set apart for the transvection, that is, the transport, of the annona species.

dat. v kal. feb.

given on 28 January.

constantinopoli d. n. theodosio a. v. et qui fuerit nuntiatus. (412 ian. 28).

at Constantinople, under our lord Theodosius, Augustus, for the 5th time, and whoever would be announced. (412 Jan. 28).

CTh.7.18.0. De desertoribus et occultatoribus eorum

CTh.7.18.0. On deserters and their concealers

CTh.7.18.1

Impp. valentinianus et valens aa. edicta pro per italiam et alpes. unusquisque, apud quem desertor fuerit deprehensus, si plebeiae et humilioris condicionis est, metalli se sciat supplicio puniendum, qui autem superioris cuiuscumque loci dignitatisve sit, media se bonorum parte cognoscat esse multandum.

The Emperors Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, edicts promulgated throughout Italy and the Alps. Each person, with whom a deserter shall have been apprehended, if he is of plebeian and more humble condition, let him know himself to be punished with the penalty of the mines; but whoever is of any higher place or dignity, let him recognize that he is to be mulcted in half of his goods.

in hac poena sit et officium uniuscuiusque iudicis, quod forte desertores in consortio sui probatos habet nec eos prodit. dat. vii kal.

Let the office of each judge also be under this penalty, if he happens to have deserters, proven, in his company and does not betray them. Given on the 7th day before the Kalends.

april. mediolano valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (365 mart.

april. at milan, valentinian and valens, the augusti, consuls. (365 march.

26).

CTh.7.18.2

Theodosian Code 7.18.2

Imppp. gratianus, valentinianus et theodosius aaa. ad hesperium praefectum praetorio.

the emperors gratian, valentinian, and theodosius, augusti, to hesperius, praetorian prefect

actor eius fundi, in quo alienigena vel idoneus militiae vel ante iam traditus latuerit, ultima flammarum animadversione consumatur. hoc interim nos constituisse sufficiat, nam si parum profecerit in servos interminatio constituta, in dominos peccatum deinceps emendatura decernet. dat.

the actor (steward) of that estate, in which an alien or one fit
for military service or one already previously handed over has hidden, shall be consumed by the ultimate penalty of flames. Let it suffice for the moment that we have established this; for if too little
progress is made by the established threat against the slaves, a decree will henceforth correct the offense upon the masters. Given.

vi non. iul. aquileia auxonio et olybrio vv cc conss.

on July 2, at Aquileia, under Auxonius and
Olybrius, most illustrious men, consuls.

(379 iul. 2/5).

(379 July 2/5).

CTh.7.18.3

Theodosian Code 7.18.3

Idem aaa. neoterio praefecto praetorio. si temonarius prodiderit desertorem, protostasiae onere biennio relevetur.

The same three Augusti, to Neoterius, praetorian prefect. If a wagoner should betray a deserter, let him be relieved from the burden of protostasia for 2 years.

proposita iii kal. mai. antiochiae gratiano v et theodosio i aa. conss.

posted on April 29 at Antioch, when Gratian 5 and Theodosius 1, Augusti, were consuls

(380 apr. 29).

CTh.7.18.4pr.

Theodosian Code 7.18.4, preface.

Idem aaa. ad syagrium praefectum praetorio. si quis latebram praebuerit desertori, possessionis, in qua latuerit, amissione multatus etiam graviorem sententiam pertimescat.

The same Augusti to Syagrius, Praetorian Prefect. If anyone has provided a hiding-place to a deserter, let him, punished by the forfeiture of the property in which he has hidden, also dread a more severe sentence.

porro actorem flammis subiciendum esse non dubitet, qui in perniciem fortasse domini aut sceleris participatione confovit aut dissimulatione neglexit. (380 iul. 15).

furthermore, let him not hesitate that the actor (estate steward) must be subjected to the flames, who perhaps has fomented to the ruin of his master either by participation in the crime or has neglected it by dissimulation. (380 July 15).

CTh.7.18.4.1

Codex Theodosianus 7.18.4.1

At vero si desertorem servus prodiderit, libertate donetur si mediocris loci ingenuus, immunitate potiatur. (380 iul. 15).

But indeed, if a slave shall have betrayed a deserter, let him be endowed with liberty; if a freeborn man of middling rank, let him obtain immunity. (380 iul. 15).

CTh.7.18.4.2

Neque solum eos loquimur, qui proxime signis felicibus adplicati militiae rudimenta timuerunt, verum qui stipendiis militaribus degenerem latebram praebuisse monstrantur. (380 iul. 15).

Nor do we speak only of those who, having most recently been attached to the auspicious standards, feared the rudiments of military service, but rather also of those who are shown, while on military stipends, to have furnished a degenerate hiding-place. (July 15, 380).

CTh.7.18.4.3

Desertor autem habebitur, quisquis belli tempore aberit a signis. horum qui sponte processerit, peccati anterioris supplicium non timebit. sin vero flagitiosa ignavia delitescat, per eum, in cuius domo fuerit, invigilantibus forinsecus quoque officiis publicis, ubicumque correptus severitati iudicis offeratur, degeneri morte gladium subiturus.

A deserter, however, shall be held to be whoever is absent from the standards in time of war. Of these, he who has come forward of his own accord will not fear the punishment of his prior sin. But if he skulk in flagitious cowardice, through him in whose house he may have been, with public officials also keeping watch outside, wherever apprehended let him be presented to the severity of the judge, to undergo the sword in an ignoble death.

(380 iul. 15).

(380 July 15).

CTh.7.18.4.4

Theodosian Code 7.18.4.4

Si autem rector provinciae propositam severitatem vel gratia vel dissimulatione distulerit, patrimonii atque existimationis damno subiciatur et in officii primores capitaliter vindicetur. proposita id. iul. romae gratiano v et theodosio i aa. conss.

but if the governor of a province should defer the proposed severity either by favor or by dissimulation, let him be subjected to the loss of patrimony and reputation, and let capital vengeance be taken upon the chiefs of his office. posted on the ides of july at rome, when gratian 5 and theodosius 1, augusti, were consuls.

(380 iul. 15).

(380 July 15).

CTh.7.18.5

Idem aaa. neoterio praefecto praetorio. si quis forte desertorem agro tectoque susceperit atque aput se diu passus fuerit delitiscere, actor quidem vel procurator loci, qui hoc sciens prudensque conmiserit, capitali supplicio subiugetur, dominus vero, si huius rei conscius fuerit, praedii, in quo latuerit desertor, amissione puniatur.

The same Augusti to Neoterius, praetorian prefect. If anyone should by chance have received a deserter to field and roof and have allowed him to skulk with him for a long time, the actor or procurator of the place, who has committed this knowingly and advisedly, shall be subjected to capital punishment; but the owner, if he is privy to this matter, shall be punished by forfeiture of the estate in which the deserter has hidden.

dat. xvii kal. feb.

dated the 17th day before the Kalends of February.

eucherio et syagrio viris clarissimis conss. (381 ian. 16).

Eucherius and Syagrius, most illustrious men, consuls. (January 16, 381).

CTh.7.18.6pr.

Theodosian Code 7.18.6, preface.

Idem aaa. ad severum praefectum praetorio. desertorum iugiter pretia vindicamus, quos intra annui temporis metas inter ipsa traditionis exordia deseruisse constiterit.

The same Augusti to Severus, Praetorian Prefect. We continually exact the prices for deserters who shall have been established to have deserted within the bounds of a year’s time, at the very outset of the handing-over itself.

ipsorum quippe est providentiae, quos huiusmodi munus amplectitur, militaturis potius quam fugacibus instruere necessaria supplementa. (382 apr. 2).

for indeed it belongs to the providence of those whom such a duty embraces to furnish the necessary reinforcements for those who will serve as soldiers rather than for deserters. (382 apr. 2).

CTh.7.18.6.1

Si vero in desertoribus occulendis actorum scelus atque conmissum sit, flammis scelera puniantur. si dominum quoque conscientia talis involverit, praediis, quae latebram praestiterunt, sacro patrimonio vindicatis gravioris exitii dominum quoque casus involvat. proposita romae iiii non.

If indeed in the concealing of deserters there be the crime and the offense of the stewards, let the crimes be punished with flames. if such a complicity has also entangled the master, with the estates which provided a hiding-place claimed to the sacred patrimony, let a mischance of graver ruin also involve the master. posted at rome on the 4th day before the Nones.

april. antonio et syagrio conss. (382 apr.

april. Antonius and Syagrius, consuls. (382 Apr.

2).

CTh.7.18.7pr.

Theodosian Code 7.18.7, preface.

Idem aaa. constantiano vicario dioecesis ponticae. quisquis in fundo suo desertores vel latrones habere se meminerit, nisi eos ex die constitutionis emissae in sex menses prodiderit aut comprehensos etiam severitati iudiciariae obtulerit, sciat dissimulatione convictus fundum ipsum, in quo praedicti postea potuerint inveniri, fisci nostri viribus esse nectendum.

The same emperors, to Constantianus, Vicar of the Pontic diocese. Whoever shall remember that he has deserters or robbers on his estate, unless he, from the day the constitution is issued, shall have denounced them within six months, or, when apprehended, shall also have presented them to judicial severity, let him know, once convicted of concealment, that the estate itself, on which the aforesaid could thereafter have been found, is to be bound to the forces of our fisc.

(383 iul. 12).

(383 July 12).

CTh.7.18.7.1

Quod si forte contigerit, ut inscio domino memorati latuisse videantur, pari constituti temporis dimensione servata actores capite damnentur. quam condicionem et circa actores rerum nostrarum volumus custodiri. dat.

But if by chance it should occur that, the master being unaware, the aforementioned should appear to have lain hidden, with the equal dimension of the constituted time being observed, the actores are to be condemned to a capital penalty. Which condition we will to be kept also with respect to the actores of our property. Given.

iiii id. iul. constantinopoli merobaude ii et saturnino conss. (383 iul.

July 12 at Constantinople, Merobaudes for the 2nd time and
Saturninus, consuls. (383 July.

12).

CTh.7.18.8pr.

Theodosian Code 7.18.8 preface.

Idem aaa. ad flavianum praefectum praetorio. quisquis desertorem vel a se receptum vel in suo latitantem cognoscit, nisi eum ex die publicati huius edicti intra duos menses adhibita inquisitione correptum ordinario iudici offerre curaverit, detectus in crimine pro qualitate ordinis atque personae incurrat in legem.

The same Emperors to Flavianus, the Praetorian Prefect. Whoever knows a deserter either received by himself or lurking in his premises, unless he shall have taken care, within two months from the day
of the publication of this edict, to present him—once an inquisition has been applied and he has been apprehended—to the ordinary judge, if detected in the crime,
let him incur the law according to the quality of his order and person.

et si quidem potuerit corporali iniuriae subiacere, servata ex iure substantia et fustibus coerceatur vel metallo operi publico deputetur et nonnumquam se ulterius erigente censura exilio perpetuae relegationis plectatur. quod si eiusmodi fortasse fuerit, ut iniuria corporali intuitu generis aut honoris excipiatur, non procrastinata auctoritate sententiae per singula capita eorum, quos contra interdictum retinere atque occultare non timuit, denos iuniores maxime idoneos militiae offerat aut quinquaginta pondo argenti restituat. (383 [391?] febr.

and if indeed he can be subject to corporal injury, with his legal substance preserved according to law, let him be coerced with rods or be assigned to the mines or to a public work, and sometimes, with the censure raising itself further, let him be punished with exile of perpetual relegation. but if he should perhaps be of such a sort that, by regard to birth or honor, he is exempt from corporal injury, the authority of the sentence not being procrastinated, let him, for each person of those whom he did not fear to retain and conceal against the interdict, offer ten youths most fit for military service, or restore fifty pounds of silver. (383 [391?] febr.

27).

CTh.7.18.8.1

Theodosian Code 7.18.8.1

Quod si procurator possessionis sive actor vel etiam colonus latebram desertori domino ignorante praestiterit, detectus in crimine capitali supplicio mancipetur. ceteros quoque similis conscientiae exemplum triste deterreat illorum: tantummodo probationibus evidenter ostensis innoxiis relinquatur habitatio, quos iam dudum fiscus adaeravit. (383 [391?] febr.

But if the procurator of the possession or the actor, or even a colonus, shall have provided a hiding place to a deserter, the master being unaware, once detected in the capital crime let him be delivered over to punishment. let the grim example of those also deter the rest of similar complicity: only, with proofs plainly shown, let dwelling be left to the innocents, whom the fisc has long since assessed in money. (383 [391?] febr.

27).

CTh.7.18.8.2

Oblati autem iudicibus, nisi in contigua quacumque provincia vel tuae praestantia potestatis vel ii dumtaxat ordinis militaris vir, qui possint de capite eorum ferre sententiam, degere videbuntur, interrogati et severitati necessariae subiaceant et ad sinceritatem tuam per ordinarii iudicis exsecutionem vel officia rectoris dirigantur cum prosecutione. et cetera. dat.

But, having been presented to the judges, unless in whatever adjoining province either the preeminence of your authority, or at least a man of the military order who can pronounce sentence upon their head, shall be found to reside, after being interrogated let them be subject to the necessary severity and to your Sincerity they shall be directed through the execution of the ordinary judge or the offices of the governor, with prosecution. and the rest. given.

iii kal. mart. merobaude ii et saturnino conss.

February 27, in the consulship of Merobaudes 2 and Saturninus.

(383 [391?] febr. 27).

(383 [391?] Feb. 27).

CTh.7.18.9pr.

CTh.7.18.9, preface.

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. ad populum. quisquis in domo patrimoniove suo vel qualibet abstrusa et longissime a se possessione discreta desertorem latere cognoscit, ad eos, quibus cura indagandi mandata est vel, si forte defuerint, ad rectorem provinciae protinus spontanea oblatione deducat veniam delicti veteris habiturus.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to the people. Whoever knows that a deserter lies hidden in his house or patrimony or in any possession concealed and separated very far from himself,
let him at once, by spontaneous delivery, conduct him to those to whom the care of tracking has been mandated, or, if by chance they should be lacking, to the rector of the province,
and he shall have pardon of the former offense.

exactis enim quattuor mensibus, postquam edictum nostrum intra eam urbem, quam quisque habitat, fuerit publicatum, si quis noluerit moderationi praesentis oboedire praecepti, haec in eum poena imponetur, ut et qui occultatus fuerit eruatur et latebrae auctor pro uno desertore vel duas praeter eum auri libras vel duos iuniores militaris roboris ac staturae cogatur fisco abscisa spe totius defensionis inferre. (396 apr. 26).

for when four months have elapsed after our edict has been published within that city which each person inhabits, if anyone will not wish to obey the moderation of the present precept, this penalty shall be imposed upon him: that both the one who has been hidden shall be dug out, and the author of the hiding-place, for one deserter, be compelled to deliver to the fisc either, besides him, two pounds of gold, or two younger men of military vigor and stature, with the hope of any and all defense cut off. (396 apr. 26).

CTh.7.18.9.1

Theodosian Code 7.18.9.1

Et quoniam plurimos cognovimus, priusquam victricibus aquilis sociarentur, vel illuc, unde electi fuerant, vel quo placuerit abire, alios autem litterarum initiatos auspicio, quamquam necdum dicantur meruisse sub signis, praecipimus, ut post tempus definitum quicumque ex iunioribus fuerit retentus, praeter eum vel duos tiorens per singulos vel duas auri libras malo coactus fisco nostro adnumeret. (396 apr. 26).

And since we have learned that very many, before they were associated with the victorious eagles, either went back to that place whence they had been chosen, or wherever it pleased them to go, but others, initiated under the auspice of the letters, although they are not yet said to have merited under the standards, we command that, after the defined time, whoever from among the juniors shall have been detained, besides him, either two recruits for each person or two pounds of gold, compelled by punishment, shall add to our fisc. (396 Apr. 26).

CTh.7.18.9.2

Qui vero causarias vel honestas indepti sunt missiones, ab invidia et formidine desertionis amoveantur, etsi haec sunt tyrannico tempore consecuti, dummodo eos eas meruisse vel peracto militiae labore vel probata debilitate pateat. (396 apr. 26).

Those who have obtained discharges for cause or honorable discharges shall be removed from ill-will and the fear of desertion, even if they obtained these during a tyrannical time, provided it is apparent that they merited them either by the completion of military service or by proven debility. (396 apr. 26).

CTh.7.18.9.3

Si qui etiam ex servorum numero militiae se sociarunt, quos dominis suis legitima iudicum reformavit auctoritas, sine metu legis ab his, quibus recte docentur redditi, tenebuntur. dat. vi kal.

If any even from the number of slaves have joined themselves to military service, and whom the lawful authority of the judges has restored to their own masters, they shall be held without fear of the law by those to whom they are proven to have been rightly returned. Given on the 6th day before the Kalends.

mai. mediolano arcadio iiii et honorio iii aa. conss. (396 apr.

may. at milan, arcadius 4 and honorius 3, augusti, consuls. (396 apr.

26).

CTh.7.18.10

Theodosian Code 7.18.10

Idem aa. vincentio praefecto praetorio galliarum. protectores, qui ad inquisitionem vagorum per provincias diriguntur. nullas in retinendis fugitivis dumtaxat indigenis iniurias possessoribus parent, quia hoc illis tantum permittitur, ut desertores veteranorum filios ac vagos et eos, quos militiae origo consignat, ad dilectum iuniorum provocent.

the same augusti to vincentius, praetorian prefect of the gauls. protectors, who are directed through the provinces for the inquisition of vagrants, are to bring about no injuries to possessors in retaining fugitives, namely natives, because only this is permitted to them: that they summon to the levy of the iuniores deserters, the sons of veterans, and vagrants, and those whom the origin of military service consigns.

dat. xvi kal. iun.

given on the 16th day before the Kalends of June.

mediolano stilichone et aureliano viris clarissimis conss. (400 mai. 17).

at milan, with stilicho and aurelianus, illustrious men,
consuls. (400 may 17).

CTh.7.18.11pr.

The Theodosian Code 7.18.11, preface.

Idem aa. et theodosius a. hadriano praefecto praetorio. si qui desertores oberrare in provinciis fuerint comprehensi, eos et comprehendi protinus volumus et ad iudicem deduci, ut auditi, cum de crimine desertionis suae confessi fuerint, carceris custodiae deputentur: de quorum nominibus ad tuam sublimitatem subditis confessionibus referatur, ut instructi magistri militum, quid de his fieri oporteat, pro sui auctoritate constituant. sin vero inventi resistendum atque armis obtinendum putaverint, tamquam rebelles in ipsis temeritatis suae conatibus opprimantur: (403 febr.

The same Augusti and Theodosius Augustus to Hadrianus, Praetorian Prefect. If any deserters, wandering about in the provinces, shall have been apprehended, we will that they be immediately seized and led to the judge, so that, having been heard, when they shall have confessed to the crime of their desertion, they may be assigned to the custody of prison: let a report be made to Your Sublimity about their names, with the confessions subjoined, so that the Masters of Soldiers, having been instructed, may determine, according to their authority, what ought to be done concerning them. But if, in truth, when found they shall have thought that they must resist and hold by arms, let them be crushed as rebels in the very attempts of their temerity: (403 febr.

24).

CTh.7.18.11.1

Ita tamen, ut provinciarum iudices sollicita cautione disquirant, ne sub falsarum tractoriarum nomine desertionis suae crimen defendere moliantur, ne subpositis aut conmentis epistulis evadendi habeant facultatem. (403 febr. 24).

Nevertheless, on this condition: that the judges of the provinces investigate with solicitous caution, lest under the name of forged travel-warrants they attempt to defend the crime of their desertion, lest by letters foisted or concocted they have a means of evasion. (403 Feb. 24).

CTh.7.18.11.2

In desertorum quoque occultatores iuxta promulgatas leges severissime vindicetur. dat. vi kal.

Let the concealers of deserters also be punished most severely in accordance with the promulgated laws. given on the 6th day before the Kalends.

mart. ravenna theodosio a. i et rumorido conss. (403 febr.

March. At Ravenna, in the consulship of Theodosius, Augustus, for the 1st time, and Rumoridus (403, Feb.).

24).

CTh.7.18.12pr.

Idem aaa. hadriano praefecto praetorio. si quis militem profugum desertoremque castrorum in praedio suo susceperit, nisi eum ipse prodiderit aut comprehensum severitati iudiciariae potestatis obtulerit, sciat, si in dissimulando convictus fuerit, fundum ipsum, in quo praedictus postea potuerit inveniri, fisci nostri viribus sociandum.

The same Emperors to Hadrian, Praetorian Prefect. If anyone has received on his estate a soldier who is a fugitive and a deserter from the camp, unless he himself betrays him or, once apprehended, offers him to the severity of the judicial authority, let him know that, if he is convicted of dissembling, the estate itself in which the aforesaid could thereafter be found is to be joined to the resources of our fisc.

(403 iul. 25).

(403 Jul. 25).

CTh.7.18.12.1

Quod si forte contigerit, ut inscio domino in eius praediis habitarit, fundo a nexu huius legis exuto actorem conscium severo supplicio damnandum esse censemus. quam condicionem etiam circa actores domus nostrae volumus custodiri. dat.

But if by chance it should happen that, the master being unaware, someone has lived on his estates, with the estate released from the bond of this law, we judge that the steward who was privy must be condemned to severe punishment. We wish that this condition also be kept with respect to the stewards of our house. Given.

viii kal. aug. ravenna theodosio a. i et rumorido conss.

8 days before the Kalends of August, at Ravenna, in the consulship of Theodosius
the Younger and Rumoridus, consuls.

(403 iul. 25).

(403 jul. 25).

CTh.7.18.13

Theodosian Code 7.18.13

Idem aaa. hadriano praefecto praetorio. desertores modis omnibus adtinendos esse censemus.

The same Augusti. To Hadrianus, Praetorian Prefect. We deem that deserters must be held by every means.

universi igitur provinciales sciant opprimendorum sibi desertorum facultatem esse permissam: quibus ne sit tarditas poenae solacio, velox ubicumque iubemus esse supplicium. quod ad notitiam primatium urbium vicorum castellorumque deveniat, quo scire possint etiam occultatores eorum ad subeundam poenam, quae divi genitoris nostri est constituta legibus, adtineri. dat.

Let all the provincials therefore know that the faculty of suppressing deserters is permitted to them: and lest the slowness of punishment be a solace to such men, we order that the punishment be swift wherever they are found. Let this come to the knowledge of the leading men of the cities, villages, and forts, so that they may know that even those who conceal them are held to undergo the penalty which by the laws of our deified father has been established. Given.

vi non. oct. theodosio a. i et rumorido conss.

6 Nones of October; in the consulship of Theodosius, Augustus, for the 1st time, and Rumoridus, consuls.

(403 oct. 2).

CTh.7.18.14pr.

Theodosian Code 7.18.14pr.

Idem aaa. hadriano praefecto praetorio. opprimendorum desertorum facultatem provincialibus iure permittimus: qui si resistere ausi fuerint, velox ubicumque iubemus esse supplicium.

The same Augusti to Hadrianus, Praetorian Prefect. We permit by right to the provincials the faculty of suppressing deserters: who, if they shall have dared to resist, we order the punishment to be swift wherever.

cuncti etenim adversus latrones publicos desertoresque militiae ius sibi sciant pro quiete communi exercendae publicae ultionis indultum: (403 oct. 2).

For indeed let all know that, against public brigands and deserters from military service, a right has been granted to themselves for the common quiet to exercise public vengeance: (403 Oct. 2).

CTh.7.18.14.1

Hac tamen condicione servata, ut ab his iunioribus, qui proxima indictione praesenti tempore conferuntur, supplicio temperetur, quia per provinciales intra praescriptum legibus tempus ad ea signa, quibus destinati fuerant, redhibendi sunt, ne possessores redhibitionis damna percellant propter eos, qui necdum paene auspicati militiam fugerunt. (403 oct. 2).

Nevertheless, with this condition preserved, that for those juniors who at the present time are being enrolled for the next indiction, the punishment be tempered, because by
the provincials, within the time prescribed by the laws, they must be returned to those standards to which they had been destined, lest the possessores be struck by redhibition damages
on account of those who fled when they had scarcely even inaugurated their military service. (403 oct. 2).

CTh.7.18.14.2

Theodosian Code 7.18.14.2

Sed ut in his patientiam tenemus, ita omnes, qui ultra memoratam indictionem et nostrae beneficia sanctionis castra et militiam deseruere, condemnationibus obnoxios esse praecipimus occultatoresque eorum ad subeundam poenam, quae divi genitoris nostri constituta est legibus, volumus retentari. dat. vi non.

But as in these matters we maintain patience, so we order all who beyond the aforementioned indiction and the benefits of our sanction have deserted the camp and the military service
to be liable to condemnations, and we wish their concealers to be constrained to undergo the penalty which has been established by the laws of our deified father,
to be held to account. given on the 6th before the Nones.

oct. d. n. theodosio a. i et rumorido viro clarissimo conss. (403 oct.

Oct., in the consulship of our lord Theodosius Augustus for the 1st time and Rumoridus, a most distinguished man, consuls. (403 Oct.

2).

CTh.7.18.15

Theodosian Code 7.18.15

Idem aaa. longiniano praefecto praetorio. qui relictis militaribus castris se ad depraedationes vel latrocinium contulerint, severitatem publicam non evadant.

The same Emperors to Longinianus, Praetorian Prefect. Those who, having abandoned the military camps, have betaken themselves to depredations or banditry are not to evade public severity.

dat. viiii kal. april.

dated on the 9th day before the Kalends of April (March 24).

ravenna arcadio a. vi et probo v. c. conss. (406 mart. 24).

ravenna, in the consulship of arcadius, augustus, for the 6th time, and probus, most distinguished man, consuls. (406 march 24).

CTh.7.18.16

Theodosian Code 7.18.16

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. gaisoni comiti et magistro militum. qui sine conmeatu aliquo annum in penatibus propriis vel in quibuslibet locis desidiosa quiete transegerit, decem sequentibus postponatur; in quo vero biennium talis culpa deprehenditur, viginti sibi antepositos congemiscat; tertius autem annus triginta praelatos iure deflebit, ita ut quartus exempto matriculae nulli veniam derelinquat.

The emperors Honorius and Theodosius, Augusti, to Gaiso, count and master of soldiers. Whoever, without any leave, has spent a year in his own household or in whatever places in idle repose, let him be postponed after the next 10; but in whom a two-year period of such fault is detected, let him groan that 20 have been set before him; moreover the third year he will by right lament 30 preferred over him, such that the fourth, with removal from the matricula (roll), leaves pardon to none.

et cetera. dat. prid.

and the rest. given on the day before.

id. iun. ravenna post consulatum honorii viiii et theodosii v aa. (413 iun. 12).

ides of june. ravenna after the consulship of honorius 9 and theodosius 5, emperors. (413 jun. 12).

CTh.7.18.17

Theodosian Code 7.18.17

Idem aa. constantio magistro militum. omnes tribunos, qui per africam vagorum et desertorum requirendorum sumpserunt officium, ne sub huiusmodi professione vastent provinciam, submoveri praecipimus. in futurum autem istud nequaquam vocabulum vel officium infaustum constituimus per africam esse debere, ita ut, si quis ad condemnatam huius officii qualitatem praedae causa adspirare temptaverit, capitalis in eum severitas exeratur.

The same emperors to Constantius, master of the soldiers. All tribunes who throughout Africa have assumed the office of seeking out vagrants and deserters, lest
under such a profession they ravage the province, we order to be removed. For the future, moreover, we establish that this inauspicious title or office
ought by no means to exist throughout Africa, such that, if anyone should attempt to aspire to the condemned quality of this office for the sake of booty,
capital severity shall be exercised against him.

dat. pridie kal. mart.

given on the day before the kalends of march.

ravenna honorio viiii et theodosio v aa. conss. (412 febr. 29).

ravenna, under the consulship of honorius 9 and theodosius 5, emperors. (412 feb. 29).

CTh.7.19.0. De saturianis et subafrensibus et occultatoribus eorum

CTh.7.19.0. On the saturiani and the subafrenses and their concealers

CTh.7.19.1pr.

CTh.7.19.1, preface.

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. messalae praefecto praetorio. saturianorum coniurationem armis sumus, ut oportuit, persecuti.

the emperors arcadius and honorius, augusti, to messala, praetorian prefect. we have pursued with arms, as was proper, the conspiracy of the saturiani.

sed aliquot ex eis inminentis poenae evitatione ad diversa semet latibula contulerunt, quorum occultatores huic severitati sciant se esse subdendos, ut hae possessiones, in quibus latebram collocaverint, fisci nostri corporibus adgregentur, nisi protinus post edicti huius auctoritatem poenae ac legibus fuerint restituti. (399 iul. 20).

but some of them,
by an avoidance of the impending penalty, have betaken themselves to diverse hiding-places, the concealers of whom should know themselves to be subjected to this severity, so that
these possessions, in which they shall have placed a hiding-place, may be aggregated to the assets of our fisc, unless straightway, after the authority of this edict,
they shall have been restored to penalty and to the laws. (399 July 20).

CTh.7.19.1.1

Simili etiam se condicione retinendum esse cognoscat, si qui e subafrensibus, qui in saturianorum se coniurationem miscuerunt, quempiam praeviderit occultandum. quisquis igitur huiusmodi hominem adversus salubris decreti auctoritatem existimaverit latebris subtrahendum, sciat sibi cum eo facinus esse commune, et si eiusmodi personae fuerint, quae multari rerum amissione non possint, proprii capitis luendum esse supplicio. (399 iul.

Let him also know that he is to be retained under a similar condition, if any of the Subafrenes, who have mixed themselves into the conspiracy of the Saturiani,
shall have foreseen someone to be concealed. Whoever, therefore, shall have thought that a man of this sort ought to be withdrawn into hiding-places against the authority of the salubrious decree,
let him know that the crime is common to himself with him; and if there shall be persons of such a kind who cannot be mulcted by loss of property,
it is to be atoned for by the punishment of their own head. (399 Jul.

20).

CTh.7.19.1.2

Theodosian Code 7.19.1.2

Nec hi sane poenae se exsortes futuros esse credant, qui deprehensos in quolibet rure tantorum scelerum machinatores silentio praetermiserint et non statim sub publica testificatione, quibus in locis inventi fuerint, publicaverint. (399 iul. 20).

Nor indeed let these think themselves to be exempt from punishment, who shall have passed over in silence the machinators of such great crimes, apprehended in any rural district whatsoever, and shall not at once, under public attestation, have made public the places in which they were found. (399 Jul. 20).

CTh.7.19.1.3

Id quoque observandum esse censemus, ut ad ea loca, quae a memoratis latronibus tenebantur, diligens dirigatur inspector, oblaturus primitus veteribus dominis, ut, si haec possidere desiderant, ne abductis maereant cultoribus, translatis aliunde familiis rura, quae huc usque infructuosa apud eosdem perditorum temeritas fecisse videbatur, exerceant, vel certe, si inconvenientia existimaverint, salva tributorum praestatione ad idoneos possessores transferant. dat. xiii kal.

We judge that this also must be observed: that to those places which were held by the aforementioned bandits, a diligent inspector be dispatched, who shall first offer
to the former owners, so that, if they desire to possess these, they may not mourn the cultivators carried off; with households brought in from elsewhere, let them work the farms which up to this point
the recklessness of those reprobates seemed to have made unfruitful among those same men; or certainly, if they deem them unsuitable, with the payment of tributes safeguarded,
let them transfer them to suitable possessors. Given on the 13th day before the Kalends.

aug. theodoro viro clarissimo cons. (399 iul.

the augusti to Theodorus, a most distinguished man, consul. (399 July.

20).

CTh.7.20.0. De veteranis

CTh.7.20.0. On veterans

CTh.7.20.1

Imp. constantinus a. floriano praesidi. veteranis, qui ex die v nonarum iuliarum, cum prima per thraciam victoria universo orbi illuxit, et qui postea aput nicomediam nostram missionem meruerunt, certa per edictum indulsimus, quae scribendi tabulis vel encauto et cerussa conscribere detur eis licentia.

emperor constantine augustus to florianus, praeses. to the veterans who, from the day 5 before the nones of july, when the first victory through thrace shone upon the whole world, and who afterwards at our nicomedia earned discharge, we have granted certain things by edict, with license given to them to record these on writing tablets or to inscribe with ink and white-lead.

edictum autem continens indulgentiam nostram ad devotionem tuam misimus, ut et tua dicatio et cuncti alii recognoscant, quid praestitimus memoratis. proposita iiii id. april. licinio v et crispo caesare conss.

Moreover, the edict containing our indulgence we have sent to your Devotion, so that both your Devotion and all the others may recognize what we have bestowed upon the aforementioned.
Posted on April 10. Licinius, in his 5th consulship, and Crispus Caesar, consuls.

(318

[324] apr. 10).

[324] April 10).

CTh.7.20.2pr.

Theodosian Code 7.20.2, preface.

Idem a. cum introisset principia et salutatus esset a praefectis et tribunis et viris eminentissimis, adclamatum est: auguste constantine, dii te nobis servent: vestra salus nostra salus: vere dicimus, iurati dicimus. adunati veterani exclamaverunt: constantine aug, quo nos veteranos factos, si nullam indulgentiam habemus? constantinus a. dixit: magis magisque conveteranis meis beatitudinem augere debeo quam minuere.

The same Augustus, when he had entered the principia and had been saluted by the prefects and tribunes and most eminent men, there was an acclamation: “Augustus Constantine, may the gods
preserve you for us: your safety our safety: we speak truly, we speak under oath.” The assembled veterans shouted: “Constantine Augustus, to what end have you made us
veterans, if we have no indulgence?” Constantine Augustus said: “More and more I ought to increase beatitude for my veterans
rather than diminish it.”

victorinus veteranus dixit: muneribus et oneribus universis locis conveniri non sinamur. constantinus a. dixit: apertius indica; quae sunt maxime munera, quae vos contumaciter gravant? universi veterani dixerunt: ipse perspicis scilicet.

Victorinus, a veteran, said: let us not be allowed to be convened for duties and burdens in every place. Constantine the Augustus said: indicate more openly; which are chiefly the duties that contumaciously weigh upon you? All the veterans said: you yourself plainly perceive it.

constantinus a. dixit: iam nunc munificentia mea omnibus veteranis id esse concessum perspicuum sit, ne quis eorum nullo munere civili neque in operibus publicis conveniatur neque in nulla collatione neque a magistratibus neque vectigalibus. in quibuscumque nundinis interfuerint, nulla proponenda dare debebunt. publicani quoque, ut solent agentibus super compellere, ab his veteranis amoveantur; quiete post labores suos perenniter perfruantur.

Constantine Augustus said:
Let it now be clear that by my munificence this has been granted to all veterans: that none of them be convened for any civil munus, nor for public works, nor for any collation (levy), nor by magistrates nor by tax-exactions. In whatever market-days they shall have taken part, they shall have to give no fees for postings. Let the publicani also—who, as they are wont, press upon those conducting business—be kept away from these veterans; let them enjoy quiet after their labors perpetually.

(320 [?] mart. 1).

(320 [?] Mar. 1).

CTh.7.20.2.1

Fisco nostro quoque eadem epistula interdiximus, ut nullum omnino ex his inquietaret, sed liceat eis emere et vendere, ut integra beneficia eorum sub saeculi nostri otio et pace perfruantur et eorum senectus quiete post labores perfruatur. (320 [?] mart. 1).

We have also by the same letter forbidden our Fisc to disturb any of these at all, but let it be permitted to them to buy and to sell, so that their benefices may be enjoyed intact under the leisure and peace of our age, and that their old age may enjoy quiet after labors. (320 [?] March 1).

CTh.7.20.2.2

Filios quoque eorum defendant decertationes, quae in patris persona fuerunt, quosque optamus florescere sollicitius, ne si contumaces secundum eosdem veteranos comprobari potuerint, decimentur his sententiis, cum praesidali officio adiungentur. probabilius iussionem meam curabunt ergo stationarii milites cuiusque loci cohortis, et parentes eorum desperationem, et ad sanctimoniam conspectus mei sine ulla deliberatione remittere, ut sint salvi, cum senuas consecuntur poenas indulgentiae. dat.

Let the contestations also defend their sons, which were in the father’s person, and whom we more solicitously desire to flourish, lest, if they can be verified as contumacious in accordance with those same veterans, they be decimated by these sentences, when they shall be joined to the praesidial office. More convincingly, therefore, the stationary soldiers of the cohort of each place will attend to my injunction, and to remit their parents in desperation to the sanctity of my presence without any deliberation, so that they may be safe, since in their senescence they obtain indulgent penalties. Given.

kal. mart. in civitate velovocorum constantino aug.

on the Kalends of March, in the city of the Velovoci, under Constantine Augustus

vi et constantino caes. conss. (320 [?] mart.

6 and Constantine, Caesars, consuls. (320 [?] Mar.

1).

CTh.7.20.3

Idem a. ad universos veteranos. veterani iuxta nostrum praeceptum vacantes terras accipiant easque perpetuo habeant immunes, et ad emenda ruri necessaria pecuniae in nummo viginti quinque milia follium consequantur, boum quoque par et frugum promiscuarum modios centum. qui autem negotii gerendi habuerit voluntatem, huic centum follium summam inmunem habere permittimus.

The same Augustus to all veterans. Let the veterans, according to our precept, receive the vacant lands and hold them perpetually exempt, and for buying the necessities in the countryside let them obtain a sum of money in coin of 25,000 folles, as well as a pair of oxen and 100 modii of mixed grains.
But whoever shall have the will for conducting business, to him we permit to have an exempt sum of 100 folles.

praeter hos ergo, qui vel domicillis vel negotiis detinentur, omnes, qui vacatis et nullum negotium geritis, ne inopia laboretis, ad hoc remedium debetis concurrere. dat. iii id. oct.

Therefore, apart from those who
are detained either by their domiciles or by business, all of you who are vacant and transact no business, lest you suffer want, ought to resort to this remedy. Given on the 3rd day before the Ides of October.

constantinopoli constantino a. vi et constantino caes. conss. (320 oct.

at Constantinople, Constantine Augustus for the 6th time and Constantine Caesar, consuls (October 320.

13).

CTh.7.20.4pr.

Theodosian Code 7.20.4 preface.

Idem a. ad maximum praefectum urbi. comitatenses et ripenses milites atque protectores suum caput, patris ac matris et uxoris, si tamen eos superstites habeant, omnes excusent, si censibus inditi habeantur. quod si aliquam ex his personis non habuerint vel nullam habuerint, tantum pro suo debent peculio excusare, quantum pro iisdem, si non deessent, excusare potuissent, ita tamen, ut non pactione cum alteris facta simulato dominio rem alienam excusent, sed vere proprias facultates.

The same Augustus to Maximus, Prefect of the City. The comitatenses and ripenses soldiers and the protectores shall excuse the capitation of their own head, and of their father and mother and wife, if indeed they have them surviving, all of them, provided they are enrolled in the censuses. But if they should have some of these persons not present, or should have none, they ought to excuse from their own peculium as much as they could have excused for those same persons, if they were not lacking, provided, however, that they do not, by a pact made with others, excuse another’s property under a simulated ownership, but truly their own resources.

(325 iun. 17).

(June 17, 325).

CTh.7.20.4.1

Theodosian Code 7.20.4.1

Veteranos autem post emeritae missionis epistulas tam suum quam uxoris caput excusare sancimus aut, si honestam missionem meruerint, suum caput tantummodo excusare ceteros. omnes veteranos de quocumque exercitu una cum uxore sua unius capitis frui excusatione praecipimus. (325 iun.

However, we sanction that veterans, after the letters of an earned discharge, excuse both their own head and that of their wife; or, if they have merited an honorable discharge, that the others excuse only their own head. We command that all veterans from whatever army, together with their wife, enjoy the excusation of one head of exemption. (325 Jun.

17).

CTh.7.20.4.2

Ripensis autem veteranus, qui ex priore lege post viginti quattuor stipendia honesta missione impetrata unius excusatione capitis fruebatur, etiam si viginti stipendiis completis honestam missionem meruerit, ad exemplum comitatensium militum unum caput excuset. intra viginti etiam stipendia dimissus, quoniam inbecilli et debiles censibus non dedicantur, eodem beneficio utatur. (325 iun.

But the riparian veteran, who under the prior law, after twenty-four stipends, having obtained an honorable discharge, enjoyed the exemption of one head,
even if, with twenty stipends completed, he shall have merited an honorable discharge, after the example of the comitatensian soldiers, let him excuse one head. Discharged even within twenty stipends, since the feeble and the weak are not consigned to the census registers, let him enjoy the same benefit. (325 Jun.

17).

CTh.7.20.4.3

Theodosian Code 7.20.4.3

Alares autem et cohortales dum militant, propria capita excusent, veteranis quoque eadem excusationis solacia habituris. qui quocumque tempore in quibuscumque partibus meruerint missionem, si ex comitatensi militia senectutis vel debilitatis causa dimissi fuerint, indiscreto stipendiorum numero duo capita excusaturis, id est suum adque uxoris; et ripensibus indiscrete idem privilegium habituris, si se ob belli vulnera dimissos probaverint: ita ut, si quis eorum post quindecim stipendia intra viginti et quattuor annos ex militia decesserit, sui tantum capitis excusatione fruatur; uxorem enim ripensis, si militia decesserit post viginti et quattuor annos, excusari oportet. proposita xv kal.

Alares, however, and cohortales, while they are serving, let them have their own capita excused, veterans likewise to have the same solaces of excusation. Those who at whatever time in whatever parts shall have earned discharge, if they have been dismissed from the comitatensian militia for reason of old age or debility, without distinction of the number of stipends two capita are to be excused to them, that is, their own and their wife’s; and the ripenses likewise, without distinction, are to have the same privilege, if they prove that they were dismissed on account of wounds of war: so that, if any of them, after fifteen stipends within twenty-four years, shall have departed from the service, he shall enjoy the excusation of his own caput only; for the wife of a ripensis, if he shall have departed from the militia after twenty-four years, must be excused. posted 15 Kal.

iul. antiochiae paulino et iuliano conss. (325 iun.

july. at antioch in the consulship of paulinus and julianus. (325 june

17).

CTh.7.20.5

Theodosian Code 7.20.5

Idem a. maximo praefecto praetorio. providendum est, ne veterani protectoria dignitate cumulati aut qui honores varios pro meritis suis consecuti sunt, incongruis pulsentur iniuriis, cum, si quis in hoc crimine fuerit deprehensus, rectores provinciarum conveniat ad tuum iudicium referre atque ad tuum officium praedictos dirigere, ut factum pro sui qualitate possit facillime coherceri. dat.

The same Augustus, to Maximus, Praetorian Prefect. It must be provided that veterans heaped with the protectorian dignity, or those who have attained various honors for their merits, be not assailed by incongruous injuries; since, if anyone shall be apprehended in this crime, it is fitting for the governors of the provinces to refer to your judgment and to direct the aforesaid to your office, so that the deed may be most easily coerced according to its own quality. Given.

iiii kal. ian. treviris ianuarino et iusto conss.

4 days before the kalends of january, at trier
ianuarinus and iustus, consuls.

(328 [?] dec. 29).

CTh.7.20.6

Codex Theodosianus 7.20.6

Imp. constantius a. ad helpidium consularem pannoniae. privilegia concessa veteranis, qui stipendia iusta meruerunt, prout se quisque in officiis competentibus militasse declaret, omnia conserventur, corporalium seu personalium munerum vacatione eisdem tribuenda.

Emperor Constantius Augustus to Helpidius, consularis of Pannonia. Let all privileges granted to veterans who have merited their just stipends be preserved in full, inasmuch as each declares that he has served in the competent offices, an exemption (vacation) from corporal or personal burdens being granted to the same.

dat. viii kal. iul.

dated the 8th day before the Kalends of July.

sirmio constantio a. vii et constant. a. ii conss. (342 [?] iun.

Sirmium, when Constantius Augustus for the 7th time and Constans Augustus for the 2nd time were consuls (342 [?] June.

24).

CTh.7.20.7

Idem a evagrio praefecto urbi. quosdam veteranos hoc nomine indignos latrocinia perpetrare comperimus, ideoque praecipimus, ut veterani, quibus bona mens est, aut arva versent aut certe in optimis negotiis pecuniam tractent et mercimonia agitent. qui vero neque rus colunt neque utilem vitam commerciis exhibent, mox in ipsos capitaliter exsurgendum.

The same, to Evagrius, Prefect of the City. We have discovered that certain veterans, unworthy of this name, perpetrate acts of banditry; and therefore we command that
veterans, whose mind is good, either turn the fields or at least handle money in the best trades and ply merchandise. But those who neither cultivate the countryside nor exhibit a useful life through commerce—forthwith one must proceed against them with capital punishment.

exui enim omnibus privilegiis debent, per quos publica quies perturbatur, ita ut, si levissimum aliquid deliquerint, omnibus subiciantur poenis. dat. iii id. aug.

For they ought to be stripped of all privileges, those by whom the public quiet is disturbed, such that, if they have committed even the slightest delinquency, they are subjected to all penalties. Given on the 3rd day before the Ides of August.

constantio a. vi et constante ii conss. (353 [?] aug. 11).

in the consulship of Constantius Augustus for the 6th time and Constans for the 2nd, consuls.
(353 [?] aug. 11).

CTh.7.20.8

Impp. valentinianus et valens aa. ad universos provinciales. omnibus benemeritis veteranis quam volunt patriam damus et inmunitatem perpetuam pollicemur.

The Emperors Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, to all provincials. To all well‑deserving veterans we grant whatever homeland they wish and promise perpetual immunity.

habeant ex vacantibus sive ex diversis, ubi elegerint, agros et ea lege habeant, ut sibi soli eorundem fructus cessuros esse cognoscant; nullum ex his agris stipendium, nullam annuam praestationem postulabimus: amplius addentes, ut etiam ad culturam eorundem agrorum et animalia et semina praebeamus, ita ut is, qui ex protectore dimissus erit, duo boum paria et centum modios utriusque frugis consequatur, alii vero, qui honestas missiones sive causarias consequuntur, singula paria boum et quinquaginta modios utriusque frugis accipiant. super quibus praebendis ad competentes iudices scripta congrua destinata sunt. si quos etiam veterani servulos familiasve ad agrum duxerint, inmunes perpetuo possideant.

let them have, from the vacant tracts or from different ones, wherever they shall have chosen, fields; and let them have them on this condition, that they understand the fruits of the same will accrue to themselves alone; from these fields we will demand no stipend, no annual prestation: adding further, that we shall also supply both animals and seeds for the cultivation of those same fields, such that he who shall have been discharged from the Protectores shall obtain two pairs of oxen and one hundred modii of each kind of grain, but the others, who obtain honorable or causary discharges, shall receive single pairs of oxen and fifty modii of each kind of grain. Concerning the furnishing of these things, suitable writings have been sent to the competent judges. If the veterans shall also have led any servant-boys or households to the farm, let them possess them immune in perpetuity.

dat. xv kal. dec.

Given on the 15th day before the Kalends of December.

romae divo ioviano et varroniano conss. (364 nov. 17).

at rome, under the consuls the deified jovian and varronianus. (364 nov. 17).

CTh.7.20.9

Theodosian Code 7.20.9

Imppp. valentinianus, valens et gratianus aaa. ad dagalaifum magistrum militum.

the emperors valentinian, valens and gratian, augusti, to dagalaiphus, master of soldiers.

remotis iniuriis iussimus veteranis nostris vel adgnatis licere emere vendere negotiari: quos secundum veterem consuetudinem parentum nostrorum ab omni munere universisque reditibus auri argentique, sed et portorii indemnes esse oportet. dat. viii id. dec.

with wrongs removed we have ordered that it be permitted to our veterans and their agnates to buy, sell, and negotiate; who, according to the ancient custom of our forefathers, ought to be indemn from every public munus and from all revenues (exactions) of gold and silver, and likewise of the customs-duty. Given on December 6.

veronae gratiano nob p. et dagalaifo conss. (366 dec. 6).

at verona, when gratian, most noble youth, and dagalaifus were consuls. (dec. 6, 366).

CTh.7.20.10

Theodosian Code 7.20.10

Idem aaa. ad probum praefectum praetorio. si quis praepositus fuerit aut fabricae aut classi aut laetis, identidem si praepositus romanae legionis vel cohortis gesserit tribunatum, aut quicumque his administrationibus, ad quas nonnisi cum certis fideiussoribus singuli quique veniunt, fortasse praefuerit, qui non vel intra palatium congruo labore meruisse vel armatam invenitur sudasse militiam, his privilegiis careat quae militaribus palatinisque tribuuntur.

The same Augusti to Probus, praetorian prefect. If anyone shall have been set over either a fabrica or a fleet or the Laeti, or likewise if, being placed in charge of a Roman legion or cohort, he shall have borne the tribunate, or whoever perhaps shall have presided over these administrations—to which each and every individual comes only with certain fideiussors—who is not found either to have merited within the palace by suitable labor or to have sweated in armed military service, let him be without those privileges which are allotted to soldiers and Palatines.

dat. x kal. ian.

dated the 10th day before the Kalends of January.

treviris valentiniano nobilissimo puero et victore conss. (369 dec. 23).

at Trier, with Valentinian the most noble boy and Victor as consuls (369 dec. 23).

CTh.7.20.11

Theodosian Code 7.20.11

Idem aaa. ad iovinum magistrum militum. conmoneat tua sinceritas hac sanctione veteranos, ut loca absentium squalida et situ dissimulationis horrentia, de solida fructuum indemnitate securi, quantum vires uniuscuiusque patientur, exerceant.

The same Augusti to Jovinus, master of soldiers. Let your Sincerity remind the veterans by this sanction, that the places of the absent, squalid and bristling with the mould of dissimulation, being secure as to the solid indemnity of the fruits, they should cultivate as far as each one’s strength endures.

namque decernimus, ut his, qui soli relicti terras sulcaverint, sine molestia praeiudicioque dominorum proventuum emolumenta quaerantur nihilque illis, qui messium tempus adsolent aucupari, agratici nomine deferatur. dat. xvi kal.

For we decree,
that for those who, left to the soil, have furrowed the lands, the emoluments of the yields be obtained without molestation and without prejudice to the owners, and that nothing be delivered to those who are wont to angle for the time of the harvest, under the name of agraticum. Given on the 16th before the Kalends.

feb. valentiniano et valente aa. iiii conss. (373 [365 vel 368] ian.

feb. under valentinian and valens, emperors, consuls for the 4th time. (373 [365 or 368] jan.

17).

CTh.7.20.12pr.

Theodosian Code 7.20.12 preface.

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. stilichoni magistro utriusque militiae. plerique testimonialibus fraude quaesitis fiunt veterani, qui milites non fuerint, nonnulli inter exordia militiae in ipso aetatis flore discedunt.

Emperors arcadius and honorius, augusti, to stilicho, Master of Both Services. Very many, with testimonial letters sought by fraud, become veterans who had not been soldiers, and some, in the very beginnings of military service, depart in the very bloom of age.

quisquis igitur laetus alamannus sarmata vagus vel filius veterani aut cuiuslibet corporis dilectui obnoxius et florentissimis legionibus inserendus testimoniales ex protectoribus vel cuiuslibet dignitatis obtinuit vel eas, quae nonnumquam comitum auctoritate praestantur, ne delitiscat, tirociniis castrensibus inbuatur. (400 ian. 30).

Whoever therefore, whether a laetus Alamann, a wandering Sarmatian, or a son of a veteran,
or one liable to the levy of any corps and to be inserted into the most flourishing legions, has obtained testimonial letters from the Protectors or from any dignity,
or those which are sometimes furnished by the authority of Counts, let him, lest he skulk, be seasoned by camp recruit‑training. (400 Jan. 30).

CTh.7.20.12.1

Si quis praeterea vel prima stipendia vel nondum, ut oportebat, impleta missionis colore deseruit, nihil impetrata valeant, nisi forte quempiam aut defessae aetatis aut corporis aegritudo aut gloriosorum vulnerum cicatrices causaria vel honesta missione defendunt, dummodo hos ista non adiuvent, qui aetate solida et integro corpore haec occuparunt. (400 ian. 30).

If anyone, moreover, has deserted either after the first stipends (terms of service) or with the discharge not yet, as was fitting, completed under the color of “discharge,” let nothing that has been obtained avail, unless perhaps
someone is defended by a causal (medical) discharge on account of wearied age, or sickness of body, or the scars of glorious wounds, or by an honorable discharge,
provided that these things do not aid those who, in the solidity (prime) of age and with an intact body, have seized upon these pretexts. (400 Jan. 30).

CTh.7.20.12.2

Et quoniam plurimos vel ante militiam vel post inchoatam vel peractam latere obiectu piae religionis agnovimus, dum se quidam vocabulo clericorum et infaustis defunctorum obsequiis occupatos non tam observatione cultus quam otii et socordiae amore defendunt, nulli omnino tali excusari obiectione permittimus, nisi qui aut fractus senio aut membris debilis aut parvitate deformis indignus consortio virorum fortium repperitur. (400 ian. 30).

And since we have recognized that very many, either before military service or after it has been begun or completed, hide under the pretext of pious religion, while certain persons by the title of clerics and by the ill‑omened obsequies of the deceased defend themselves as occupied, not so much by the observance of worship as by love of leisure and sloth, we permit no one at all to be excused by such a pretext, unless he is found either broken by old age, or weak in his limbs, or deformed by smallness, unworthy of the fellowship of brave men. (400 Jan. 30).

CTh.7.20.12.3

Illius quoque sanctionis oportet admoneri, ut, si quis decurionum primipilariorum collegiatorum civilium apparitionum vel aliorum necessitatibus irretitus militiae sacramenta durasset, defendi castrensium stipendiorum excusatione non possit. dat. iii kal.

It is proper also to be admonished of that sanction, that, if anyone of the decurions, primipilares, collegiates, of the civil apparitors, or of others,
entangled by necessities, should have persisted in the oaths of military service, he cannot be defended by the excuse of camp stipends. given 3 days before the Kalends.

feb. mediolano stilichone et aureliano viris clarissimis conss. (400 ian.

Feb., at Milan
under the consulship of Stilicho and Aurelianus, most illustrious men, consuls. (400 Jan.

30).

CTh.7.20.13

Theodosian Code 7.20.13

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. stilichoni comiti et magistro utriusque militiae. oportet inter eos, qui ambitu ac suffragiis ad tribunatus praepositurasque perveniunt, et eos, qui labore periculis atque ordine militiae decurso huiusmodi dignitates acceperint, esse discretionem.

Emperors honorius and theodosius, Augusti, to stilicho, count and master of both militias. it is fitting that there be a distinction between those who by ambition and suffrages attain to tribunates and prepositures, and those who, by toil, dangers, and after the course of military service has been run through, have received dignities of this kind.

quare inmunes eos haberi decernimus, qui militiae praerogativa, ut dignum est, ad tribunatum praeposituramve perveniunt. conmonendi autem sunt comites et duces militum, ut et ipsi eos relevatos esse cognoscant neque aliquid hoc nomine ab his flagitandum. de quibus ad omnes militares iudices paria scripta direximus.

Wherefore we decree that those be held immune who, by the prerogative of the soldiery, as is fitting, attain to the tribunate or a prepositure. They must moreover be reminded—the counts and the dukes of the soldiers—so that they too may know that they are relieved and that nothing is to be demanded from them under this name. Concerning which we have directed like writings to all the military judges.

dat. xi kal. april.

given on the 11th day before the Kalends of April (22 March).

roma honorio viii et theodosio iii aa. conss. (409

rome Honorius 8 and Theodosius 3, emperors, consuls (409

[407] mart. 22).

[407] Mar. 22).

CTh.7.21.0. De testimoniali ex tribunis et protectoribus

CTh.7.21.0. On the testimonial from tribunes and protectors

CTh.7.21.1

Imp. constantinus a. ad rufinum praefectum praetorio. ferri non potest in titulos militaris laudis irrepere eos, qui nec aciem viderint nec signa perspexerint nec arma tractaverint.

Emperor constantine augustus to rufinus, praetorian prefect. it cannot be tolerated that those creep into the titles of military praise who have neither seen the battle line nor looked upon the standards nor handled arms.

ideoque si qui ex protectoribus vel ex praepositis vel ex tribunis epistulas reportaverint, non habeant privilegium, quod merentur qui ordine militiae sub armorum labore decurso ad hunc honorem pervenerint. proposita iiii id. aug. sirmio constantino a. iii et licinio iii conss.

and therefore, if any from the Protectores or from the Praepositi or from the Tribunes shall have brought back epistles, let them not have the privilege which is deserved by those who, the order of military service having been run through under the toil of arms, have come to this honor. Published on the 4th day before the Ides of August at Sirmium, when Constantine Augustus for the 3rd time and Licinius for the 3rd time were consuls.

(?) (313 [352 - 354] aug. 10).

(?) (313 [352 - 354] Aug. 10).

CTh.7.21.2

Theodosian Code 7.21.2

Imp. constantius a. ad praefectos praetorio. post alia: si quis de paganis vel decurionibus ambierit ad honores protectoriae dignitatis, nec tempus nec stipendia ei post hanc legem computanda sunt.

Emperor Constantius Augustus to the praetorian praefects. After other things: if anyone from the pagani or the decurions has canvassed for the honors of the protectorian dignity, neither time nor stipends are to be computed for him after this law.

hoc et circa eos, qui ad praeposituras ambitu pervenerint, custodiri praecipimus. et cetera. dat.

We order that this be observed also in regard to those who have attained to prepositorships by canvassing (ambitus).
And the rest. Given.

kal. mai. constantio a. vi et constante ii conss.

on the Kalends of May, with Constantius Augustus for the 6th time and Constans for the 2nd as consuls.

(353 mai. 1).

(353 May 1).

CTh.7.21.3pr.

Theodosian Code 7.21.3, preamble.

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. florentino praefecto urbi. quicumque ex protectoribus aut domesticis honorarias missiones meruerint, sub hac norma penes eos dignitas maneat, ut neque municeps curiam neque collegiatus obsequium propriae urbis effugiat neque negotiator a pensionis aurariae instituta summa militiae suffragio subtrahatur neque ab ullo postremo officio militia vel corpore talis se impetrati quisquam obiectione defendat, sed manente norma solvat omnia, quae ab illo vel condicione nascendi vel iure proprii postulantur officii.

emperors arcadius and honorius, augusti, to florentinus, prefect of the city. whoever from the protectors or domestics shall have merited honorary discharges, under
this norm let the dignity remain with them, such that neither a municipal citizen evade the curia nor a collegiatus the service of his own city, nor a negotiator be
withdrawn, by the suffrage of the militia, from the established sum of the aurarian pension, nor let anyone of such a kind defend himself by the objection that he has obtained this, from any final duty either of the militia or a corpus; but with the norm remaining, let him discharge all things which are demanded of him either by the condition of his birth or by the law of his own office.

(396 apr. 18).

(396 April 18).

CTh.7.21.3.1

De liberis etiam eorum censemus, ne de his editi originis munus per privilegia emendicatae dignitatis effugiant. (396 apr. 18).

We also decree concerning their children, that, as to them, they not escape the duty of their declared origin through the privileges of a begged-for dignity. (396 apr. 18).

CTh.7.21.3.2

Quae quidem omnia officere illis aliquando non patimur, quos emeritos felicibus castris vel honesta interdum adversae valetudinis missio vel vulnerum laudabilis excusatio vel emensum sub signis tempus absolvit. dat. xiiii kal.

All of which indeed we do not allow at any time to hinder those whom the Fortunate Camps have released as emeriti, or whom an honorable discharge at times for adverse health, or a laudable excuse of wounds, or the time measured out under the standards, has absolved. Given on the 14th day before the Kalends.

mai. mediolano arcadio iiii et honorio iii aa. conss. (396 apr.

May. At Milan, when Arcadius for the 4th time and Honorius for the 3rd, Augusti, were consuls. (396 Apr.

18).

CTh.7.21.4

Theodosian Code 7.21.4

Impp. honorius et theodosius aa. theodoro praefecto praetorio. eos, qui testimoniales non suo merito, sed eorum contemplatione sunt adepti qui pro his nostram clementiam sunt precati, par severitas persequatur.

the emperors honorius and theodosius, augusti, to theodore, praetorian prefect. let equal severity pursue those who have obtained testimonials not by their own merit, but by the consideration of those who have entreated our clemency on their behalf,
who have gained them, let equal severity pursue.

eos tamen esse in urbe sacratissima non vetamus, qui posuerunt illic larem adque domicilium. dat. x kal.

Yet we do not forbid those to be in the most sacred city who
have set up their Lar and domicile there. Given on the 10th day before the Kalends.

dec. ravenna basso et filippo conss. (408 nov.

dec. ravenna in the consulship of Bassus and Philip. (408 nov.

22).

CTh.7.22.0. De filiis militarium apparitorum et veteranorum

CTh.7.22.0. On the sons of military apparitors and veterans

CTh.7.22.1

Imp. constantinus a. ad octavianum. veteranorum liberos aptos militiae, quorum quidam ut desides recusant militarium munerum functionem, quidam adeo ignavi sunt, ut cum dispendio corporis militiae velint necessitatem evadere, iubemus, si ad militiam inutiles resectis digitis iudicentur, curialibus sine aliqua ambiguitate muneribus atque obsequiis adgregari.

Emperor constantine Augustus to octavianus. The sons of veterans fit for military service, some of whom, as sluggards, refuse the performance of military munera,
some are so cowardly that, even with damage to the body, they wish to evade the necessity of service, we order that, if they are judged unfit for military service with fingers cut off, they be added to curial munera and services without any ambiguity.

dat. xiiii kal. mart.

dated on February 16.

sirmio, accepta vii id. april. regio constantino a. v et licinio c. conss. (319 febr.

sirmium, received on the 7th before the Ides.
april. regio, in the consulship of constantine augustus 5 and licinius caesar, consuls. (319 feb.)

16).

CTh.7.22.2pr.

CTh.7.22.2 preface.

Idem a. ad severum. veteranorum filios propter privilegia parentibus eorum indulta vacare non patimur, sed programmate per omnes civitates proposito diligenter quaesitos ad alterutrum compelli iubemus, ut aut decurionatus muneribus obtemperent aut militent, observaturo devotionis tuae officio, ut qui probantur ab annis viginti usque ad viginti et quinque annos aetatem agant. (326 iul.

The same Augustus to Severus. We do not allow the sons of veterans to be exempt on account of the privileges granted to their parents, but by a program posted through all the cities we order that, once diligently sought out, they be compelled to one or the other: either to obey the duties of the decurionate or to serve in the military; and it shall be the duty of your devotion to see to it that those who are approved, from 20 years up to 25 years, perform their term of age. (326 Jul.

[mart.?] 30).

[March?] 30).

CTh.7.22.2.1

Si autem veteranorum filii, qui equestrem militiam toleraverunt, inter equites probari voluerint, habeant facultatem, ita ut cum singulis equis idoneis praedicto adgregentur obsequio. (326 iul. [mart.?] 30).

If, however, the sons of veterans who have borne the equestrian service should wish to be approved among the equites (cavalrymen), let them have the faculty, such that with single
suitable horses they be attached to the aforesaid service. (326 Jul. [Mar.?] 30).

CTh.7.22.2.2

Quod si quis duos equos habeat vel unum idoneum et servum unum, cum circitoria militet dignitate et binas annonas accipiat, qui gradus praebetur aliis post laborem. (326 iul. [mart.?] 30).

But if anyone should have two horses, or one suitable and one slave, while he serves with the circitorial dignity let him receive double rations, a grade
which is afforded to others after toil. (326 Jul. [Mar.?] 30).

CTh.7.22.2.3

Singularum autem civitatum decurionibus intimetur, ut veteranorum filios, qui praedictae aetatis sunt, si militare noluerint vel minus inveniantur idonei, ad curialia vocare non morentur obsequia, si tamen patrimoniis idonei esse noscuntur. (326 iul. [mart.?] 30).

Moreover, let it be intimated to the decurions of each city, that the sons of veterans, who are of the aforesaid age, if they should be unwilling to serve in the military or be found less
fit, let them not delay to call them to curial services, if nevertheless they are known to be adequate in patrimony. (326 jul. [mart.?] 30).

CTh.7.22.2.4

Ex his autem, qui militare voluerint, si qui minus apti sunt equestri militiae id efficiente calamitate membrorum et legionariae congrui esse noscuntur, deducendi ad nos protectori qui ob hoc missus est consignentur. dat. iii kal.

Moreover, of those who shall have wished to serve, if any are less apt for cavalry service, this being effected by a calamity of the limbs, and are known to be congruent for legionary service, they must be conducted to the protector who has been sent for this purpose, to be consigned to us. Given on the 3rd day before the Kalends.

aug. aquileia constantino a. vii et constantio caes. conss.

August, at Aquileia, when Constantine Augustus (for the 7th time) and Constantius Caesar were consuls.

(326 iul. [mart.?] 30).

(326 Jul. [Mar.?] 30).

CTh.7.22.3

Theodosian Code 7.22.3

Idem a. ad evagrium. ii, qui ex officialibus quorumcumque officiorum geniti sunt, sive eorundem parentes adhuc sacramento tenentur sive iam dimissi erunt, in parentum locum procedant. dat.

The same Augustus to Evagrius. 2, those who have been begotten from officials of whatever offices, whether the parents of the same are still held by the sacrament (oath of service) or
will already have been discharged, shall step into the place of their parents. Given.

prid. non. aug.

the day before the Nones of August.

basso et ablavio conss. (331 aug. 4).

bassus and ablavius, consuls. (331 aug. 4).

CTh.7.22.4

Theodosian Code 7.22.4

Idem a. ad leontium praefectum praetorio. iam dudum sanximus, ut veteranorum filii, qui post sedecim annos militiae munus subire non possunt vel armis gerendis habiles non extiterint, curiis mancipentur. dat.

The same Augustus to Leontius, Praetorian Prefect. We have long since sanctioned that the sons of veterans, who after sixteen years are not able to undergo the duty of military service or have not proved fit for bearing arms, be mancipated to the curiae. Given.

iii id. april. pacatiano et hilariano conss. (332

April 11. Pacatianus and Hilarianus, consuls. (332

[343] apr. 11).

CTh.7.22.5

Codex Theodosianus 7.22.5

Idem a. ablavio praefecto praetorio. veteranorum filii vel eorum, qui praepositi vel protectores fuerunt, vel ceterorum, qui quemlibet gradum militiae tenuerunt, si invalidi et inbecilli sint, curiis adgregentur, ita ut re familiari gaudentes et inaptos militiae curiarum societati coniungas. quod etiam nos fecimus sub conspectu nostro his, quos deliciosis nutrimentis enervatos esse perspeximus.

The same Augustus to Ablavius, Praetorian Prefect. The sons of veterans or of those who were praepositi or protectores, or of the others who have held any grade of military service, if they are invalid and feeble, let them be aggregated to the curiae, in such a way that, enjoying family estate and unfit for military service, you join them to the society of the curiae. Which we also have done in our presence for those whom we have perceived to have been enervated by delicious nutriments.

qui igitur ex his patresfamilias sunt et idonei functionibus publicis, eligantur ad augendum curialium numerum, singularum civitatum ordinibus commonendis, ut quos norunt idoneos nominare non dubitent praeter eos, quos vigor et fortitudo defendendae rei publicae idoneos facit. nam et duces singulorum limitum convenimus, ne deinceps veterani filius inutilis sacramento cingatur. eos etiam, qui iam probati sunt, diligenter inspiciant, ut qui minus idonei repperiuntur sacramento soluti ad gravitatem tuam mittantur.

Therefore, let those among these who are paterfamilias and suitable for public functions be selected to augment the number of the curiales, with the orders of the several cities being admonished, so that they may not hesitate to nominate those whom they know to be suitable, besides those whom vigor and fortitude make fit for the defense of the commonwealth. For we have also come to an agreement with the duces of each frontier that henceforth an unfit son of a veteran is not to be girded with the sacramentum. Let them also diligently inspect those who have already been tested, so that those who are found less suitable, released from the oath, may be sent to Your Gravity.

dat. et proposita id. nov. dalmatio et zenofilo conss.

given and published on the ides of november, in the consulship of dalmatius
and zenophilus.

(333 nov. 13).

CTh.7.22.6

Theodosian Code 7.22.6

Imp. constantius a. antonio duci mesopotamiae. post alia: observetur, ne veteranorum seu militum filii officiis praesidalibus adgregentur.

Emperor Constantius Augustus to Antonius, duke of Mesopotamia. After other matters: let it be observed, that the sons of veterans or of soldiers be not enrolled in the praesidal offices.

dat. iiii non. feb.

Given on the 4th day before the Nones of February.

limenio et catullino conss. (349 febr. 2).

limenius and catullinus, consuls (349 feb. 2).

CTh.7.22.7

Impp. valentinianus et valens aa. ad petronium patricium. quicumque castrensi stirpe progeniti diversorum se nexibus officiorum tradiderunt, manu iniecta retrahantur sciantque veterani, quibus quies post arma concessa est, liberos suos, quos militaribus aptos ministeriis insitum robur ostendat, offerendos esse militiae.

The Emperors Valentinian and Valens, Augusti, to Petronius the Patrician. Whoever, born of camp-bred lineage, have delivered themselves into the bonds of diverse offices, let them, with hand laid on, be drawn back; and let the veterans, to whom repose after arms has been granted, know that their sons—whom inborn vigor shows to be apt for military services—must be offered to the soldiery.

nam si quis militaris prosapiae degeneri mente officiorum se consortiis adgregavit, ita ut fractis viribus grandaevam praeferat senectutem aut debilitatis obtentu bellico operi inconveniens iudicetur, eundem ignaviae latebris vel sera indagatione protractum curiarum functionibus placuit mancipari. proposita beryti idib. april.

for if anyone of military progeny, with a degenerate mind, has aggregated himself to the consortia of the offices, such that, his strengths broken, he prefers a great-aged senescence or, under the pretext of debility, is judged inconvenient for the war-work, it has been decreed that the same person, dragged out from the hiding-places of ignavia or by a late investigation, be handed over to the functions of the curiae. posted at berytus on april 13.

valentiniano et valente aa. conss. (365? 368?

in the consulship of valentinian and
valens, augusti, consuls. (365? 368?

370? 373? apr.

13).

CTh.7.22.8

Theodosian Code 7.22.8

Imppp. valentinianus, valens et gratianus aaa. ad probum praefectum praetorio.

the emperors valentinian, valens and gratian, augusti, to probus, praetorian prefect.

filios veteranorum, qui armatae militiae paruissent, si in officiis publicis vel ministerio chartularum atque observatione rationum inveniuntur, sciat tua sinceritas esse revocandos. etenim hi, quibus vel corporis robur vel statura defuerit, qui comitatensi digni possint esse militia, ripensi poterunt copulari. proposita romae xv kal.

the sons of veterans, who would owe service to the armed soldiery, if they are found in public offices or in the ministry of the chartulars and in the oversight of accounts, let your Sincerity know that they are to be recalled. indeed, those for whom either bodily strength or stature has been lacking—those who might otherwise be worthy of the comitatensian soldiery—can be attached to the ripenses. posted at rome on the 15 kalends.

mart. modesto et arintheo conss. (372 febr.

march. modestus and arintheus, consuls. (372 feb.

15).

CTh.7.22.9

Codex Theodosianus 7.22.9

Imppp. gratianus, valentinianus et theodosius aaa. quicumque castrensi stirpe progenitos diversis se officiis indiderunt, etiam manu iniecta retrahantur, sciantque veterani liberos suos, quos militaribus aptos muniis insitum robur ostendat, aut offerendos esse militiae aut obnoxios nostrae legis laqueis iam futuros.

The Emperors Gratian, Valentinian, and Theodosius, Augusti. Whoever have inserted into diverse offices those begotten of camp-bred stock, let them even be dragged back with a hand
laid on them; and let the veterans know that their sons, whom inborn strength shows to be apt for military munia, must either be offered to the militia or
will now be liable to the snares of our law.

scripta petro consulari phoenices damasco pridie id. mai. gratiano a. v et theodosio a. i conss. (380 mai.

Written to Peter, consularis of Phoenice, at Damascus, on the day before the Ides of May (May 14), when Gratian Augustus for the 5th time and Theodosius Augustus for the 1st time were consuls (May 380).

14).

CTh.7.22.10

Theodosian Code 7.22.10

Idem aaa. ad felicem comitem orientis. non solum in diversis officiis militantes, sed etiam vacantes rebus propriis veteranorum ac militum filios armatae militiae volumus sociari.

The same Augusti to Felix, count of the East. not only those serving in various offices, but also those free for their own affairs, we wish the sons of veterans and of soldiers to be associated with the armed militia.

nulla igitur sit excusationis occasio. dat. viii id. iul.

Therefore let there be no occasion for excuse. Given on the 8th day before the Ides of July.

thessalonica gratiano v et theodosio i aa. conss. (380 iul. 8).

thessalonica gratian (5) and theodosius (1) augusti, consuls. (380 Jul. 8).

CTh.7.22.11pr.

CTh.7.22.11 preface.

Idem aa. have, neoteri, karissime nobis. si filii primipilarium reperti fuerint, qui ingressi legitimos annos nullis stipendiis fulciuntur, sed anno proximo, quo ad curiam fuerint lacessiti, semet militiae manciparint, ad curiam teneantur, ita ut ne officii quidem, cum transacto anno esse coeperint curiales, praepostera audiatur circa eius personam ac sera petitio. (380 sept.

The same Augusti. Hail, young man, most dear to us. If sons of primipilares shall be found who, having entered the lawful years, are supported by no stipends, but in the next year, in which they shall have been summoned to the curia, shall have mancipated themselves to the militia, let them be held to the curia, in such a way that not even a preposterous and late petition for office shall be heard concerning his person, when, the year having passed, they have begun to be curiales. (380 Sept.

8).

CTh.7.22.11.1

Quod si in eadem domo duo filii erunt et latum adeo felixque patrimonium, quod possit duplicium necessitatum suscipere functiones, unum oportebit militiae, unum curiae vindicari. quod servandum pari norma erit, si tres aut quattuor liberi vel etiam plures numero familiam eiusdem stirpis ornaverint, ut etiam ex numerosis fratribus unus ad curiam devocetur. dat.

But if in the same house there are two sons and so broad and fortunate an patrimony, as can undertake the functions of double necessities,
one ought to be claimed for the militia, one for the curia. Which shall be observed by the same norm, if three or four children, or even more in number,
have adorned the family of the same stock, so that even from numerous brothers one be summoned to the curia. given.

vi id. sept. sirmio gratiano v et theodosio i aa. conss. (380 sept.

on september 8 at sirmium, in the consulship of the augusti gratian for the 5th time and
theodosius for the 1st, consuls. (380 sept.

8).

CTh.7.22.12

Theodosian Code 7.22.12

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. stilichoni comiti et magistro utriusque militiae. quoniam filii veteranorum ad diversa officia se contulerunt, hac sanctione praecipimus, ut ab his, qui nunc sunt in officiis occupati, nulli iuniores repetantur, ac deinceps post hoc edictum aditum veteranorum filiis militandi per civilia officia esse praeclusum.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Stilicho, count and master of both services. Since the sons of veterans have betaken themselves to diverse offices, by this sanction we order that from those who are now occupied in the offices no juniors be demanded back, and henceforth after this edict the access for the sons of veterans to serving by means of civil offices is precluded.

dat. vi kal. oct.

Dated on the 6th day before the Kalends of October.

mediolano honorio a. iiii et eutychiano conss. (398 sept. 26).

at Milan, in the consulship of Honorius Augustus for the 4th time and Eutychianus, consuls. (398 sept. 26).

CTh.7.23.0. De oblatione equorum.

CTh.7.23.0. On the oblation of horses.

CTh.7.23.1

Imppp. valentinianus, valens et gratianus aaa. ad probum praefectum praetorio.

the emperors valentinian, valens and gratian, augusti, to probus, prefect of the praetorium

quicumque honorariis codicillis habetur ex comite, tres protinus equos, qui digni sunt comprobari, curet offerre, quicumque autem eodem ex praeside factus indulto, duos pari devotione mox tradat. ita enim promptius instruitur usus armorum. quod munus in posterum ea lege novetur, ut quinto quoque anno, hoc est magis aliquando quam saepe, similis recurrat exactio.

Whoever is held by honorary codicils as of the rank of a comes (Count), let him take care to offer at once three horses, which are worthy to be approved; but whoever by the same grant has been made of the rank of a praeses (provincial governor), let him immediately hand over two with equal devotion. For thus the practice of arms is more promptly equipped. Let this duty henceforth be renewed under the condition that every fifth year, that is rather sometimes than often, a similar exaction recurs.

dat. viii id. iun. sirmio valentiniano nobilissimo puero et victore conss.

given on 6 june at sirmium, when valentinian, most noble boy, and victor were consuls.

(369 iun. 6).

(369 June 6).

CTh.7.24.0. De oblatione votorum

CTh.7.24.0. On the oblation of vows

CTh.7.24.1

Impp. arcadius et honorius aa. basilio praefecto urbi. quando votis conmunibus felix annus aperitur, in una libra auri solidi septuaginta duo obryziaci principibus offerendi devotionem animo libenti suscipimus statuentes, ut deinceps sequentibus annis uniuscuiusque sedulitas principibus suis talia ingerant semper et deferant.

The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Augusti, to Basilius, Prefect of the City. When by common vows the happy year is opened, we gladly accept the devotion that, in one pound of gold, seventy-two obryzine solidi be offered to the princes, establishing that henceforth, in the following years, the sedulity of each shall always present and deliver such things to their own princes.

dat. iii non. mart.

Dated March 4.

mediolano olybrio et probino conss. (395 mart. 5).

at Milan, Olybrius and Probinus, consuls. (March 5, 395).