Virgil: AENEID

Panditur interea domus omnipotentis Olympi
conciliumque vocat divum pater atque hominum rex
sideream in sedem, terras unde arduus omnis
castraque Dardanidum aspectat populosque Latinos.
considunt tectis bipatentibus, incipit ipse: 5
'caelicolae magni, quianam sententia vobis
versa retro tantumque animis certatis iniquis?
abnueram bello Italiam concurrere Teucris.

Meanwhile the house of omnipotent Olympus is thrown open
and the father of gods and king of men calls a council
into the sidereal seat, whence, lofty, he looks upon all the lands
and the camps of the Dardanids and the Latin peoples.
They sit down in halls with doors open on both sides, he himself begins: 5
'great celestials, why has your sentiment
been turned backward, and why do you contend so much with unjust minds?
I had forbidden Italy to clash in war with the Teucrians.

quae contra vetitum discordia? quis metus aut hos
aut hos arma sequi ferrumque lacessere suasit? 10
adveniet iustum pugnae (ne arcessite) tempus,
cum fera Karthago Romanis arcibus olim
exitium magnum atque Alpis immittet apertas:
tum certare odiis, tum res rapuisse licebit.
nunc sinite et placitum laeti componite foedus.' 15

what discord against the prohibition? what fear has urged either these or those to follow arms and to provoke the iron? 10
a just time for battle will come (do not summon it),
when fierce Carthage will one day send great ruin against the Roman citadels and will let loose the opened Alps:
then it will be permitted to contend in hatreds, then to have seized goods.
now allow, and gladly settle the agreed pact.'

Iuppiter haec paucis; at non Venus aurea contra
pauca refert:
'o pater, o hominum rerumque aeterna potestas
(namque aliud quid sit quod iam implorare queamus?),
cernis ut insultent Rutuli, Turnusque feratur 20
per medios insignis equis tumidusque secundo
Marte ruat? non clausa tegunt iam moenia Teucros;
quin intra portas atque ipsis proelia miscent
aggeribus murorum et inundant sanguine fossae.
Aeneas ignarus abest.

Jupiter said these things in few words; but golden Venus, in reply, does not speak few [words]:
'o father, O eternal power of men and of things
(for what else is there which we can now implore?),
you see how the Rutulians insult, and Turnus is borne 20
through the midst, distinguished by his horses, and, swelling with favorable
Mars, rushes on? No longer do closed walls protect the Teucrians;
nay, they mingle battles within the gates and upon the very ramparts
of the walls, and the ditches inundate with blood.
Aeneas, unknowing, is away.

numquamne levari 25
obsidione sines? muris iterum imminet hostis
nascentis Troiae nec non exercitus alter,
atque iterum in Teucros Aetolis surgit ab Arpis
Tydides. equidem credo, mea vulnera restant
et tua progenies mortalia demoror arma. 30

Will you never allow to be relieved 25
from the siege? The enemy again looms at the walls
of nascent Troy, and likewise another army;
and again against the Teucrians rises from Aetolian Arpi
Tydides. For my part, I believe my wounds still remain,
and I, your progeny, hold back mortal arms. 30

si sine pace tua atque invito numine Troes
Italiam petiere, luant peccata neque illos
iuveris auxilio; sin tot responsa secuti
quae superi manesque dabant, cur nunc tua quisquam
vertere iussa potest aut cur nova condere fata? 35
quid repetam exustas Erycino in litore classis,
quid tempestatum regem ventosque furentis
Aeolia excitos aut actam nubibus Irim?
nunc etiam manis (haec intemptata manebat
sors rerum) movet et superis immissa repente 40
Allecto medias Italum bacchata per urbes.
nil super imperio moveor.

if without your peace and with your numen unwilling the Trojans
have sought Italy, let them pay for their sins, and do not
help them with aid; but if, following so many responses
which the gods above and the manes were giving, why now can anyone
turn your commands, or why establish new fates? 35
why should I recount the fleets burned on the Erycinian shore,
what—the king of tempests and the raging winds
roused from Aeolia, or Iris driven through the clouds?
now even the manes (this lot of things remained unattempted)
he stirs, and Alecto, suddenly sent among the gods above, 40
raging like a Bacchant through the middle of the Italians’ cities.
I am not moved at all concerning dominion.

speravimus ista,
dum fortuna fuit. vincant, quos vincere mavis.
si nulla est regio Teucris quam det tua coniunx
dura, per eversae, genitor, fumantia Troiae 45

we hoped for those things,
while fortune was. let them conquer, those whom you prefer to conquer.
if there is no region for the Teucrians which your hard consort grants,
by the smoking ruins of overthrown Troy, father, 45

excidia obtestor: liceat dimittere ab armis
incolumem Ascanium, liceat superesse nepotem.
Aeneas sane ignotis iactetur in undis
et quacumque viam dederit Fortuna sequatur:
hunc tegere et dirae valeam subducere pugnae. 50
est Amathus, est celsa mihi Paphus atque Cythera
Idaliaeque domus: positis inglorius armis
exigat hic aevum. magna dicione iubeto
Karthago premat Ausoniam; nihil urbibus inde
obstabit Tyriis.

I call the ruins to witness: let it be permitted to send Ascanius away from arms unharmed, let it be permitted that the grandson survive.
Let Aeneas indeed be tossed on unknown waves and follow the road wherever Fortune will have given:
may I be able to cover him and to withdraw him from the dread battle. 50
There is Amathus, there are for me lofty Paphos and Cythera and the house of Idalia: with arms set aside, inglorious, let him spend his lifetime here.
Order that Carthage, with great dominion, press Ausonia; nothing from that will stand in the way of the Tyrian cities.

quid pestem evadere belli 55
iuvit et Argolicos medium fugisse per ignis
totque maris vastaeque exhausta pericula terrae,
dum Latium Teucri recidiuaque Pergama quaerunt?
non satius cineres patriae insedisse supremos
atque solum quo Troia fuit? Xanthum et Simoenta 60

what did it profit to escape the pest of war 55
and to have fled through the midst of Argolic fires,
and to have exhausted so many perils of sea and of the vast land,
while the Teucrians seek Latium and rebuilt Pergama?
was it not better to have sat upon the last ashes of the fatherland
and the soil where Troy was? the Xanthus and the Simois 60

redde, oro, miseris iterumque revolvere casus
da, pater, Iliacos Teucris.' tum regia Iuno
acta furore gravi: 'quid me alta silentia cogis
rumpere et obductum verbis vulgare dolorem?
Aenean hominum quisquam divumque subegit 65
bella sequi aut hostem regi se inferre Latino?
Italiam petiit fatis auctoribus (esto)
Cassandrae impulsus furiis: num linquere castra
hortati sumus aut vitam committere ventis?

render, I pray, to the wretched, and grant to roll back again the Iliac fortunes to the Teucrians, father.' Then queenly Juno, driven by heavy frenzy: 'why do you force me to break the deep silences and to make public with words the overdrawn grief? Has anyone of men or of gods compelled Aeneas to follow wars or to thrust himself as an enemy upon king Latinus? He sought Italy with the Fates as authors—so be it—driven by the furies of Cassandra: have we urged him to leave the camp or to commit his life to the winds?65

num puero summam belli, num credere muros, 70
Tyrrhenamque fidem aut gentis agitare quietas?
quis deus in fraudem, quae dura potentia nostra
egit? ubi hic Iuno demissave nubibus Iris?

was it to a boy that I entrusted the supreme command of the war, was it that I trusted the walls, 70
and to agitate Tyrrhenian fidelity or to stir peaceful peoples?
what god drove into fraud, what harsh potency of ours
did this? where here is Juno, or Iris let down from the clouds?

indignum est Italos Troiam circumdare flammis
nascentem et patria Turnum consistere terra, 75

Is it disgraceful that Italians surround nascent Troy with flames,
and that Turnus takes his stand upon his fatherland’s land, 75

cui Pilumnus avus, cui diva Venilia mater:
quid face Troianos atra vim ferre Latinis,
arva aliena iugo premere atque avertere praedas?
quid soceros legere et gremiis abducere pactas,
pacem orare manu, praefigere puppibus arma? 80
tu potes Aenean manibus subducere Graium
proque viro nebulam et ventos obtendere inanis,
et potes in totidem classem convertere nymphas:
nos aliquid Rutulos contra iuvisse nefandum est?
"Aeneas ignarus abest": ignarus et absit. 85
est Paphus Idaliumque tibi, sunt alta Cythera:
quid gravidam bellis urbem et corda aspera temptas?

for whom Pilumnus is grandsire, for whom the divine Venilia is mother:
why with a black torch do the Trojans bear force upon the Latins,
press alien fields under the yoke and avert spoils?
why pick fathers-in-law and carry off their betrothed from their laps,
pray for peace with the hand, fix arms to the prows of ships? 80
you can withdraw Aeneas from the hands of the Greeks
and in place of the man thrust forth a cloud and empty winds,
and you can turn a fleet into just so many nymphs:
is it unspeakable that we have in any way helped the Rutulians against them?
“Aeneas is absent, unaware”: let him be unaware, and be absent. 85
there is Paphos and Idalium for you, there are lofty Cythera:
why do you tempt a city pregnant with wars and hearts that are harsh?

nosne tibi fluxas Phrygiae res vertere fundo
conamur? nos? an miseros qui Troas Achivis
obiecit?

Are we, for you, trying to turn the Phrygian fortunes, in flux, from the foundation?
We? Or he who cast the wretched Trojans before the Achaeans
?

quae causa fuit consurgere in arma 90

what cause was there to rise up in arms 90

Europamque Asiamque et foedera solvere furto?
me duce Dardanius Spartam expugnavit adulter,
aut ego tela dedi fovive Cupidine bella?
tum decuit metuisse tuis: nunc sera querelis
haud iustis adsurgis et inrita iurgia iactas.' 95

and to dissolve Europe and Asia and treaties by stealth?
with me as leader did the Dardanian adulterer storm Sparta,
or did I give weapons or foment wars with Cupid?
then it was fitting to have feared for your own: now, late, with complaints
not just, you rise up and you hurl ineffectual quarrels.' 95

Talibus orabat Iuno, cunctique fremebant
caelicolae adsensu vario, ceu flamina prima
cum deprensa fremunt silvis et caeca volutant
murmura venturos nautis prodentia ventos.
tum pater omnipotens, rerum cui prima potestas,               100
infit (eo dicente deum domus alta silescit
et tremefacta solo tellus, silet arduus aether,
tum Zephyri posuere, premit placida aequora pontus):
'accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta.
quandoquidem Ausonios coniungi foedere Teucris               105
haud licitum, nec vestra capit discordia finem,
quae cuique est fortuna hodie, quam quisque secat spem,
Tros Rutulusne fuat, nullo discrimine habebo,
seu fatis Italum castra obsidione tenentur
sive errore malo Troiae monitisque sinistris.               110

With such words Juno was praying, and all the celestials were murmuring
with varied assent, just as the first blasts, when caught in forests,
roar and roll blind murmurs, betraying to sailors the coming winds.
Then the omnipotent father, to whom is the prime power of things,               100
begins (as he speaks, the lofty house of the gods falls silent,
and the earth, shaken to its soil, trembles; the lofty aether is silent;
then the Zephyrs have settled, the sea presses down its placid levels):
'Receive then with your minds and fix these my words.
Since it has not been permitted that the Ausonians be joined by treaty to the Teucrians,               105
nor does your discord take an end,
whatever fortune each has today, whatever hope each cuts for himself,
whether he be Trojan or Rutulian, I will hold with no discrimination,
whether by the fates the camp of the Italians is held in siege,
or by evil error and the sinister warnings of Troy.'                110

nec Rutulos solvo. sua cuique exorsa laborem
fortunamque ferent. rex Iuppiter omnibus idem.

nor do I release the Rutulians. each one’s undertakings will bear labor
and fortune. king Jupiter is the same to all.

fata viam invenient.' Stygii per flumina fratris,
per pice torrentis atraque voragine ripas
adnuit et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum. 115
hic finis fandi. solio tum Iuppiter aureo
surgit, caelicolae medium quem ad limina ducunt.

The Fates will find a way.' By the rivers of his Stygian brother,
by the banks of pitch in torrent and of the black vorago
he nodded and made all Olympus tremble with a nod. 115
Here is the end of speaking. Then from his golden throne Jupiter
rises, whom the heaven-dwellers lead toward the midmost thresholds.

Interea Rutuli portis circum omnibus instant
sternere caede viros et moenia cingere flammis.
at legio Aeneadum vallis obsessa tenetur 120
nec spes ulla fugae. miseri stant turribus altis
nequiquam et rara muros cinxere corona
Asius Imbrasides Hicetaoniusque Thymoetes
Assaracique duo et senior cum Castore Thymbris,
prima acies; hos germani Sarpedonis ambo 125
et Clarus et Thaemon Lycia comitantur ab alta.

Meanwhile the Rutulians press around all the gates
to strew men with slaughter and to gird the walls with flames.
but the legion of the Aeneadae is held within besieged ramparts 120
nor any hope of flight. Wretched, they stand on high towers
in vain, and have encircled the walls with a sparse corona:
Asius, son of Imbrasus, and Thymoetes the Hicetaonian,
and the two Assaraci, and the elder Thymbris with Castor—
the front line; these, both the brothers of Sarpedon, 125
and Clarus and Thaemon, accompany from lofty Lycia.

fert ingens toto conixus corpore saxum,
haud partem exiguam montis, Lyrnesius Acmon,
nec Clytio genitore minor nec fratre Menestheo.
hi iaculis, illi certant defendere saxis 130

he, straining with his whole body, bears a huge stone,
no scant portion of a mountain, Acmon the Lyrnesian,
no less than his sire Clytius nor than his brother Menestheus.
these with javelins, those vie to defend with stones 130

molirique ignem nervoque aptare sagittas.
ipse inter medios, Veneris iustissima cura,
Dardanius caput, ecce, puer detectus honestum,
qualis gemma micat fulvum quae dividit aurum,
aut collo decus aut capiti, vel quale per artem 135
inclusum buxo aut Oricia terebintho
lucet ebur; fusos cervix cui lactea crinis
accipit et molli subnectens circulus auro.
te quoque magnanimae viderunt, Ismare, gentes
vulnera derigere et calamos armare veneno, 140
Maeonia generose domo, ubi pinguia culta
exercentque viri Pactolusque inrigat auro.

and to labor at kindling fire and to fit arrows to the string.
he himself among the midst, Venus’s most rightful care,
the Dardanian head—see—the boy, his honorable head uncovered,
even as a gem flashes that divides tawny gold,
either an adornment for neck or for head, or as, by art, 135
ivory, enclosed in boxwood or Orician terebinth,
shines; whose milky neck receives the flowing hair,
and a circlet fastening beneath with soft gold.
you too, Ismarus, did the magnanimous peoples behold
directing wounds and arming reed-shafts with venom, 140
noble by Maeonian house, where men till the fat
cultivated fields and the Pactolus irrigates with gold.

adfuit et Mnestheus, quem pulsi pristina Turni
aggere murorum sublimem gloria tollit,
et Capys: hinc nomen Campanae ducitur urbi. 145

Mnestheus too was present, whom the glory of having driven Turnus
from his former rampart of walls lifts on high,
and Capys: hence a name is derived for the Campanian city. 145

Illi inter sese duri certamina belli
contulerant: media Aeneas freta nocte secabat.
namque ut ab Evandro castris ingressus Etruscis
regem adit et regi memorat nomenque genusque
quidve petat quidve ipse ferat, Mezentius arma               150
quae sibi conciliet, violentaque pectora Turni
edocet, humanis quae sit fiducia rebus
admonet immiscetque preces, haud fit mora, Tarchon
iungit opes foedusque ferit; tum libera fati
classem conscendit iussis gens Lydia divum               155
externo commissa duci. Aeneia puppis
prima tenet rostro Phrygios subiuncta leones,
imminet Ida super, profugis gratissima Teucris.
hic magnus sedet Aeneas secumque volutat
eventus belli varios, Pallasque sinistro               160

They among themselves had engaged the hard contests of war;
Aeneas was cleaving the straits in the middle of the night.
For as, having left from Evander and entered the Etruscan camp,
he approaches the king and recounts to the king both his name and his lineage,
and what he seeks and what he himself brings, what arms Mezentius               150
conciliates to himself, and he instructs him on the violent breast of Turnus,
he admonishes what confidence there is in human affairs
and mingles in prayers; no delay is made: Tarchon
joins resources and strikes a treaty; then, by the gods’ commands,
the Lydian gens, free as to fate, boards the fleet, entrusted               155
to an external leader. The Aenean ship,
foremost, bears at her prow Phrygian lions fastened beneath;
Ida looms above, most pleasing to the refugee Teucrians.
Here great Aeneas sits and turns over with himself
the various outcomes of war, and Pallas at his left               160

adfixus lateri iam quaerit sidera, opacae
noctis iter, iam quae passus terraque marique.

affixed to his side, now he inquires about the stars, the path of shadowy night, now about what things he has suffered by land and by sea.

Pandite nunc Helicona, deae, cantusque movete,
quae manus interea Tuscis comitetur ab oris
Aenean armetque rates pelagoque vehatur. 165

Open now Helicon, goddesses, and set the songs in motion,
what band meanwhile from the Tuscan shores may accompany
Aeneas, and arm the ships, and be borne over the sea. 165

Massicus aerata princeps secat aequora Tigri,
sub quo mille manus iuvenum, qui moenia Clusi
quique urbem liquere Cosas, quis tela sagittae
gorytique leves umeris et letifer arcus.
una toruus Abas: huic totum insignibus armis 170
agmen et aurato fulgebat Apolline puppis.
sescentos illi dederat Populonia mater
expertos belli iuvenes, ast Ilva trecentos
insula inexhaustis Chalybum generosa metallis.

Massicus, as leader, cleaves the waters with the bronze-clad Tigris,
under whom are a thousand hands of youths, who the walls of Clusium
and who left the city Cosa, for whom the weapons are arrows
and light quivers on their shoulders and the death-bringing bow.
together grim Abas: for him the whole column was gleaming with insignia in arms, 170
and the stern was shining with gilded Apollo.
to that one Populonia the mother had given six hundred youths
expert in war, but Ilva three hundred,
an island generous with the inexhaustible metals of the Chalybes.

tertius ille hominum divumque interpres Asilas, 175
cui pecudum fibrae, caeli cui sidera parent
et linguae volucrum et praesagi fulminis ignes,
mille rapit densos acie atque horrentibus hastis.
hos parere iubent Alpheae ab origine Pisae,
urbs Etrusca solo. sequitur pulcherrimus Astyr, 180

third is that interpreter of men and gods, Asilas, 175
to whom the entrails of cattle, to whom the stars of heaven, obey,
and the tongues of birds and the presaging fires of lightning;
he sweeps along a thousand, packed in the battle-line and with bristling spears.
these Alphean Pisa, from its origin, an Etruscan city on Tuscan soil, bids to obey;
follows the most beautiful Astyr, 180

Astyr equo fidens et versicoloribus armis.
ter centum adiciunt (mens omnibus una sequendi)
qui Caerete domo, qui sunt Minionis in arvis,
et Pyrgi veteres intempestaeque Graviscae.

Astyr, trusting in his horse and with variegated arms.
thrice a hundred add themselves (one mind in all for following),
those whose home is Caere, who are in the fields of Minio,
and ancient Pyrgi and the unseasonable Graviscae.

Non ego te, Ligurum ductor fortissime bello,               185
transierim, Cunare, et paucis comitate Cupavo,
cuius olorinae surgunt de vertice pennae
(crimen, Amor, vestrum) formaeque insigne paternae.
namque ferunt luctu Cycnum Phaethontis amati,
populeas inter frondes umbramque sororum               190
dum canit et maestum Musa solatur amorem,
canentem molli pluma duxisse senectam
linquentem terras et sidera voce sequentem.
filius aequalis comitatus classe catervas
ingentem remis Centaurum promovet: ille               195

I would not pass you by, O leader of the Ligurians, most stalwart in war,               185
Cunare, nor you, Cupavo, accompanied by a few,
from whose crown swan-like feathers rise
(your crime, Love), and a badge of his father’s form.
for they relate that Cycnus, in grief for beloved Phaethon,
among poplar leaves and the shade of his sisters,               190
while he sings and the Muse consoles his mournful love,
singing, drew out his old age with soft plumage,
leaving the lands and following the stars with his voice.
his peer-aged son, having accompanied the throngs with a fleet,
propels the huge Centaur with oars: that one               195

instat aquae saxumque undis immane minatur
arduus, et longa sulcat maria alta carina.

he presses upon the water and, towering, threatens the waves with an immense rock,
and with a long keel furrows the deep seas.

Ille etiam patriis agmen ciet Ocnus ab oris,
fatidicae Mantus et Tusci filius amnis,
qui muros matrisque dedit tibi, Mantua, nomen,               200
Mantua dives avis, sed non genus omnibus unum:
gens illi triplex, populi sub gente quaterni,
ipsa caput populis, Tusco de sanguine vires.
hinc quoque quingentos in se Mezentius armat,
quos patre Benaco velatus harundine glauca               205
Mincius infesta ducebat in aequora pinu.
it gravis Aulestes centenaque arbore fluctum
verberat adsurgens, spumant vada marmore verso.
hunc vehit immanis Triton et caerula concha
exterrens freta, cui laterum tenus hispida nanti               210

He too rouses a column from his father-land’s shores, Ocnus, son of prophetic Manto and of the Tuscan river, who gave to you, Mantua, your walls and your mother’s name,               200
Mantua, rich in ancestry, yet not one stock for all: her race is threefold, with four peoples under the race; she herself the head for the peoples, her strength from Tuscan blood. From here also Mezentius arms to his side five hundred, whom Mincius, son of sire Benacus, veiled with glaucous reed, was leading in a hostile pine to the waters.               205
Heavy Aulestes goes, and with a hundred-oared timber, rising, he lashes the wave; the shallows foam with the marble churned. Him a monstrous Triton carries, and with a cerulean conch he terrifies the seas, whose body, shaggy to the flanks as he swims,               210

frons hominem praefert, in pristim desinit alvus,
spumea semifero sub pectore murmurat unda.

the front presents a man, the belly ends in a sea‑monster,
beneath the half‑beast breast a foamy wave murmurs.

Tot lecti proceres ter denis navibus ibant
subsidio Troiae et campos salis aere secabant.

So many chosen nobles went in thrice‑ten ships
to the aid of Troy and were cleaving the fields of salt with bronze.

Iamque dies caelo concesserat almaque curru               215
noctivago Phoebe medium pulsabat Olympum:
Aeneas (neque enim membris dat cura quietem)
ipse sedens clavumque regit velisque ministrat.
atque illi medio in spatio chorus, ecce, suarum
occurrit comitum: nymphae, quas alma Cybebe               220
numen habere maris nymphasque e navibus esse
iusserat, innabant pariter fluctusque secabant,
quot prius aeratae steterant ad litora prorae.
agnoscunt longe regem lustrantque choreis;
quarum quae fandi doctissima Cymodocea               225

And now the day had withdrawn from the sky, and gracious Phoebe with her night-wandering chariot               215
was striking mid Olympus:
Aeneas (for care indeed gives no rest to his limbs)
he himself, seated, guides the helm and tends the sails.
And to him, in the midst of his course, behold, a chorus of his
own companions meets him: the nymphs, whom gracious Cybebe               220
had ordered to hold the numen of the sea and to be nymphs from ships,
were swimming side by side and cleaving the waves,
as many as bronze-prowed prows had previously stood at the shores.
They recognize their king from afar and encircle him with dances;
of whom Cymodocea, most skilled in speaking,               225

pone sequens dextra puppim tenet ipsaque dorso
eminet ac laeva tacitis subremigat undis.
tum sic ignarum adloquitur: 'vigilasne, deum gens,
Aenea? vigila et velis immitte rudentis.

following from behind she holds the stern with her right hand, and she herself with her back
rises up, and with her left she rows beneath the silent waves.
then thus she addresses the unknowing one: 'Are you awake, race of the gods,
Aeneas? Be awake and loosen the ropes to the sails.

nos sumus, Idaeae sacro de vertice pinus, 230
nunc pelagi nymphae, classis tua. perfidus ut nos
praecipitis ferro Rutulus flammaque premebat,
rupimus invitae tua vincula teque per aequor
quaerimus. hanc genetrix faciem miserata refecit
et dedit esse deas aevumque agitare sub undis. 235
at puer Ascanius muro fossisque tenetur
tela inter media atque horrentis Marte Latinos.

we are the pines from the sacred summit of Ida, now nymphs of the sea, your fleet. 230
when the treacherous Rutulian was pressing us headlong with iron and with flame,
unwilling, we broke your bonds and seek you across the sea’s level plain.
our Mother, pitying, refashioned this form and granted that we be goddesses and to pass our lifetime beneath the waves. 235
but the boy Ascanius is held by wall and trenches amid the missiles and the Latins bristling with War.

iam loca iussa tenent forti permixtus Etrusco
Arcas eques; medias illis opponere turmas,
ne castris iungant, certa est sententia Turno. 240

now they hold the ordered places, the Arcadian cavalry commingled with the brave Etruscan;
it is a fixed resolve for Turnus to oppose squadrons in their midst,
lest they join the camp. 240

surge age et Aurora socios veniente vocari
primus in arma iube, et clipeum cape quem dedit ipse
invictum ignipotens atque oras ambiit auro.
crastina lux, mea si non inrita dicta putaris,
ingentis Rutulae spectabit caedis acervos.' 245
dixerat et dextra discedens impulit altam
haud ignara modi puppim: fugit illa per undas
ocior et iaculo et ventos aequante sagitta.
inde aliae celerant cursus.

"Rise, come now, and with Dawn coming have the allies be called,
be first to order into arms, and take the shield which the fire-powerful himself gave,
unconquerable, and he encompassed the edges with gold. Tomorrow’s light, if you think my words not vain,
will behold huge heaps of Rutulian slaughter." 245
She had spoken and, departing, with her right hand she impelled the high
stern not unknowing of the method: it fled through the waves
swifter than both a javelin and an arrow equaling the winds.
From there the others quicken their courses.

stupet inscius ipse
Tros Anchisiades, animos tamen omine tollit. 250
tum breviter supera aspectans convexa precatur:
'alma parens Idaea deum, cui Dindyma cordi
turrigeraeque urbes biiugique ad frena leones,
tu mihi nunc pugnae princeps, tu rite propinques
augurium Phrygibusque adsis pede, diva, secundo.' 255

The Trojan, the son of Anchises himself, unknowing, stands amazed,
yet he lifts his spirits by the omen. 250
then briefly, gazing upon the supernal vaults, he prays:
'nourishing Idaean mother of the gods, to whom Dindyma is dear,
and the tower-bearing cities, and the double-yoked lions at the reins,
you now are for me leader in the battle; do you duly draw near
to the omen and be present to the Phrygians, goddess, with a favorable step.' 255

tantum effatus, et interea revoluta ruebat
matura iam luce dies noctemque fugarat;
principio sociis edicit signa sequantur
atque animos aptent armis pugnaeque parent se.

having spoken only so much, and meanwhile the day, rolled round, was rushing on and, with light now ripe, had put night to flight; at the outset he commands his comrades that they follow the standards and fit their spirits to arms and prepare themselves for battle.

Iamque in conspectu Teucros habet et sua castra               260
stans celsa in puppi, clipeum cum deinde sinistra
extulit ardentem. clamorem ad sidera tollunt
Dardanidae e muris, spes addita suscitat iras,
tela manu iaciunt, quales sub nubibus atris
Strymoniae dant signa grues atque aethera tranant               265
cum sonitu, fugiuntque Notos clamore secundo.
at Rutulo regi ducibusque ea mira videri
Ausoniis, donec versas ad litora puppis
respiciunt totumque adlabi classibus aequor.
ardet apex capiti cristisque a vertice flamma               270

And now he has the Teucrians and his own camp in view,               260
standing high upon the stern, when then with his left hand
he raised aloft the blazing shield. The Dardanians from the walls lift
a clamor to the stars; added hope rouses wraths;
they hurl missiles by hand, just as beneath black clouds
Strymonian cranes give signals and swim the aether               265
with sound, and flee the Notus winds with answering clamor.
But to the Rutulian king and to the Ausonian leaders these things seem wondrous,
until they look back at the sterns turned toward the shore
and see the whole level sea gliding in with fleets.
The apex burns on his head, and from the crown a flame on the crests.               270

funditur et vastos umbo vomit aureus ignis:
non secus ac liquida si quando nocte cometae
sanguinei lugubre rubent, aut Sirius ardor
ille sitim morbosque ferens mortalibus aegris
nascitur et laevo contristat lumine caelum. 275

it pours forth, and the golden boss spews vast fires:
not otherwise than when on a limpid night the comets
blood-red mournfully glow, or the ardor of Sirius,
that one bringing thirst and diseases to ailing mortals,
is born and with sinister light saddens the sky. 275

Haud tamen audaci Turno fiducia cessit
litora praecipere et venientis pellere terra.
[ultro animos tollit dictis atque increpat ultro:]
'quod votis optastis adest, perfringere dextra.
in manibus Mars ipse viris.

Yet confidence did not depart from audacious Turnus
to preoccupy the shores and to drive the coming ones from the land.
[of his own accord he lifts their spirits with words and moreover rebukes them:]
'what you have desired with vows is at hand: to break through with the right hand.
in the hands of men is Mars himself.

nunc coniugis esto 280
quisque suae tectique memor, nunc magna referto
facta, patrum laudes. ultro occurramus ad undam
dum trepidi egressisque labant vestigia prima.
audentis Fortuna iuvat.'
haec ait, et secum versat quos ducere contra 285
uel quibus obsessos possit concredere muros.

now let each be mindful of his own spouse and roof 280
now with great deeds fill up the praises of the fathers. let us of our own accord run to meet at the water
while they, in trepidation, and as they disembark, have their first footsteps falter.
'Fortune favors the daring.'
he says these things, and turns over in his mind whom to lead against them 285
or to whom he might entrust the besieged walls.

Interea Aeneas socios de puppibus altis
pontibus exponit. multi servare recursus
languentis pelagi et brevibus se credere saltu,
per remos alii. speculatus litora Tarchon, 290
qua vada non sperat nec fracta remurmurat unda,
sed mare inoffensum crescenti adlabitur aestu,
advertit subito proras sociosque precatur:
'nunc, o lecta manus, validis incumbite remis;
tollite, ferte rates, inimicam findite rostris 295
hanc terram, sulcumque sibi premat ipsa carina.

Meanwhile Aeneas disembarks his comrades from the high sterns
by gangways. many to observe the back-swirls
of the languid sea and to entrust themselves to the shallows with a leap,
others by way of the oars. having spied out the shores, Tarchon, 290
where he does not expect shallows nor does a broken wave murmur back,
but the sea glides unoffending with the tide increasing,
turns the prows at once and beseeches his comrades:
'now, O chosen band, lean upon the sturdy oars;
lift, bear the ships, cleave with beaks this hostile land, 295
and let the keel press a furrow for itself.

frangere nec tali puppim statione recuso
arrepta tellure semel.' quae talia postquam
effatus Tarchon, socii consurgere tonsis
spumantisque rates arvis inferre Latinis, 300

Nor do I refuse to break the ship in such a station, once the land is seized.' After Tarchon had spoken such things, the comrades rise to the oars, and they carry the foaming ships onto the Latin fields, 300

donec rostra tenent siccum et sedere carinae
omnes innocuae. sed non puppis tua, Tarchon:
namque inflicta vadis, dorso dum pendet iniquo
anceps sustentata diu fluctusque fatigat,
solvitur atque viros mediis exponit in undis, 305
fragmina remorum quos et fluitantia transtra
impediunt retrahitque pedes simul unda relabens.

until the beaks hold dry ground and the hulls all sit uninjured.
but not your ship, Tarchon:
for, dashed upon the shallows, while it hangs on an uneven back,
held up precariously for a long time and wearying the waves,
it comes apart and exposes the men in mid-waters, 305
fragments of oars and floating thwarts
hamper them, and the wave slipping back at the same time draws back their feet.

Nec Turnum segnis retinet mora, sed rapit acer
totam aciem in Teucros et contra in litore sistit.
signa canunt. primus turmas invasit agrestis 310
Aeneas, omen pugnae, stravitque Latinos
occiso Therone, virum qui maximus ultro
Aenean petit.

Nor does a sluggish delay hold Turnus back, but, keen, he sweeps the whole battle-line against the Teucrians and sets it facing them on the shore.
the signals sound. Aeneas, first, assails the rustic squadrons 310
an omen of the battle, and lays the Latins low, with Theron slain, a man who, very mighty, of his own accord seeks Aeneas.

huic gladio perque aerea suta,
per tunicam squalentem auro latus haurit apertum.
inde Lichan ferit exsectum iam matre perempta 315
et tibi, Phoebe, sacrum: casus evadere ferri
quo licuit parvo? nec longe Cissea durum
immanemque Gyan sternentis agmina clava
deiecit leto; nihil illos Herculis arma
nec validae iuvere manus genitorque Melampus, 320

to this one with the sword, and through the bronze seams,
through the tunic stiff with gold, he drains the opened flank.
then he strikes Lichas, cut out with his mother already slain 315
and sacred to you, Phoebus: to whom, when small, it was permitted to escape the hazards of the steel.
nor far off he cast down to death Cisseus and Gyas, tough
and monstrous, who were laying low battalions with a club;
Hercules’ arms availed them nothing,
nor his strong hands, nor their father Melampus, 320

Alcidae comes usque gravis dum terra labores
praebuit. ecce Pharo, voces dum iactat inertis,
intorquens iaculum clamanti sistit in ore.
tu quoque, flaventem prima lanugine malas
dum sequeris Clytium infelix, nova gaudia, Cydon, 325
Dardania stratus dextra, securus amorum
qui iuvenum tibi semper erant, miserande iaceres,
ni fratrum stipata cohors foret obvia, Phorci
progenies, septem numero, septenaque tela
coniciunt; partim galea clipeoque resultant 330
inrita, deflexit partim stringentia corpus
alma Venus.

an ever burdensome companion to Alcides, while the earth supplied labors.
lo, Pharus, while he flings inert taunts,
he, whirling a javelin, plants it in the mouth of the shouter.
you also, unlucky Cydon, while you pursue Clytius,
his cheeks golden with the first down, your new delights, 325
laid low by the Dardan right hand, heedless of the loves
that youths were always for you, pitiable, you would be lying,
if a cohort thronged of brothers had not met you, the progeny
of Phorcus, seven in number, and they hurl seven missiles;
some rebound vainly from helmet and shield, 330
some, grazing the body, nurturing Venus deflected.

fidum Aeneas adfatur Achaten:
'suggere tela mihi, non ullum dextera frustra
torserit in Rutulos, steterunt quae in corpore Graium
Iliacis campis.' tum magnam corripit hastam 335

Aeneas addresses faithful Achates:
'supply weapons to me; my right hand will not hurl any
against the Rutulians in vain—those which stood in the bodies of the Greeks
on the Iliac fields.' Then he snatches up a great spear 335

et iacit: illa volans clipei transverberat aera
Maeonis et thoraca simul cum pectore rumpit.
huic frater subit Alcanor fratremque ruentem
sustentat dextra: traiecto missa lacerto
protinus hasta fugit servatque cruenta tenorem, 340
dexteraque ex umero nervis moribunda pependit.
tum Numitor iaculo fratris de corpore rapto
Aenean petiit: sed non et figere contra
est licitum, magnique femur perstrinxit Achatae.

and he hurls: it, flying, trans‑pierces the bronze of Maeon’s shield and breaks the breastplate together with the breast.
to him his brother Alcanor comes up and with his right hand sustains his brother rushing down:
the spear, sent, with his upper arm transfixed, straightway flees and keeps its bloody course, 340
and his right hand hung from the shoulder by the sinews, dying.
then Numitor, with the javelin snatched from his brother’s body,
sought Aeneas: but it was not permitted also to pierce in return,
and he grazed the thigh of great Achates.

Hic Curibus fidens primaevo corpore Clausus               345
advenit et rigida Dryopem ferit eminus hasta
sub mentum graviter pressa, pariterque loquentis
vocem animamque rapit traiecto gutture; at ille
fronte ferit terram et crassum vomit ore cruorem.
tris quoque Threicios Boreae de gente suprema               350
et tris quos Idas pater et patria Ismara mittit,
per varios sternit casus. accurrit Halaesus
Auruncaeque manus, subit et Neptunia proles,
insignis Messapus equis. expellere tendunt
nunc hi, nunc illi: certatur limine in ipso               355

Here, trusting in the Curites, Clausus with a body in its prime               345
arrives and strikes Dryops from afar with a rigid spear,
pressed hard beneath the chin, and together he snatches
the voice and the spirit from the one speaking, the throat transfixed; but he
with his brow strikes the earth and vomits thick gore from his mouth.
Three also Thracians of the highest stock of Boreas               350
and three whom father Idas and their native Ismara send,
he strews through various chances. Halaesus runs up,
and the Auruncan band, and the Neptunian offspring comes up,
Messapus, distinguished for horses. Now these, now those strive to expel:
the contest is waged on the very threshold.               355

Ausoniae. magno discordes aethere venti
proelia ceu tollunt animis et viribus aequis;
non ipsi inter se, non nubila, non mare cedit;
anceps pugna diu, stant obnixa omnia contra:
haud aliter Troianae acies aciesque Latinae 360
concurrunt, haeret pede pes densusque viro vir.

In Ausonia. As in the great aether discordant winds
lift battles, with spirits and strengths equal;
neither do they themselves yield to one another, nor the clouds, nor the sea gives way;
the fight is two-sided for long, all things stand braced against each other:
not otherwise the Trojan battle-lines and the Latin battle-lines 360
clash, foot clings to foot, and man dense to man.

At parte ex alia, qua saxa rotantia late
intulerat torrens arbustaque diruta ripis,
Arcadas insuetos acies inferre pedestris
ut vidit Pallas Latio dare terga sequaci, 365
aspera aquis natura loci dimittere quando
suasit equos, unum quod rebus restat egenis,
nunc prece, nunc dictis virtutem accendit amaris;
'quo fugitis, socii? per vos et fortia facta,
per ducis Evandri nomen devictaque bella 370
spemque meam, patriae quae nunc subit aemula laudi,
fidite ne pedibus. ferro rumpenda per hostis
est via.

But in another quarter, where a torrent had carried in far and wide rolling rocks and groves torn from the banks,
when Pallas saw the Arcadians, unaccustomed to bringing on infantry battle-lines, turn their backs to pursuing Latium, 365
since the nature of the place, rough with waters, had persuaded them to dismiss their horses, the one thing which remains to straitened circumstances,
now with entreaty, now with bitter words he kindles courage;
'whither do you flee, comrades? By you and your brave deeds,
by the name of leader Evander and the wars conquered, 370
and by my hope, which now rises emulous of our country’s renown,
trust not to your feet. With iron a way must be broken through the foe.

qua globus ille virum densissimus urget,
hac vos et Pallanta ducem patria alta reposcit.
numina nulla premunt, mortali urgemur ab hoste 375

where that most dense mass of men presses,
this way the high fatherland demands you—and Pallas as leader.
no numina press us; we are pressed by a mortal enemy 375

mortales; totidem nobis animaeque manusque.
ecce maris magna claudit nos obice pontus,
deest iam terra fugae: pelagus Troiamne petamus?'
haec ait, et medius densos prorumpit in hostis.

mortals; just as many are our souls and our hands.
behold, the sea, with a great barrier of the deep, encloses us;
land now fails for flight: shall we make for the open sea, or for Troy?'
so he speaks, and straight into the midst he bursts upon the packed foes.

Obvius huic primum fatis adductus iniquis 380
fit Lagus. hunc, vellit magno dum pondere saxum,
intorto figit telo, discrimina costis
per medium qua spina dabat, hastamque receptat
ossibus haerentem. quem non super occupat Hisbo,
ille quidem hoc sperans; nam Pallas ante ruentem, 385
dum furit, incautum crudeli morte sodalis
excipit atque ensem tumido in pulmone recondit.

Opposite to him first, drawn by iniquitous fates, 380
comes Lagus. Him, while he tugs at a rock of great weight,
he pierces with a whirled spear, through the intervals among the ribs
where the spine was running through the middle, and he draws back the spear
sticking in the bones. Him Hisbo does not overtake from above,
indeed hoping for this; for Pallas, before him as he rushed, 385
while he rages, catches the unwary man at the cruel death of his comrade
and buries the sword in his swollen lung.

hinc Sthenium petit et Rhoeti de gente vetusta
Anchemolum thalamos ausum incestare novercae.
vos etiam, gemini, Rutulis cecidistis in arvis, 390

from there he targets Sthenius and Anchemolus, of Rhoetus’s ancient race,
who dared to defile the bridal chambers of his stepmother.
you also, twin brothers, fell on the Rutulian fields, 390

Daucia, Laride Thymberque, simillima proles,
indiscreta suis gratusque parentibus error;
at nunc dura dedit vobis discrimina Pallas.
nam tibi, Thymbre, caput Evandrius abstulit ensis;
te decisa suum, Laride, dextera quaerit 395
semianimesque micant digiti ferrumque retractant.
Arcadas accensos monitu et praeclara tuentis
facta viri mixtus dolor et pudor armat in hostis.

Daucus, and you, Larides and Thymber, very similar offspring,
indistinguishable to your own, and a pleasing error to your parents;
but now Pallas has given you harsh distinctions.
for from you, Thymber, an Evandrian sword has taken the head;
you, Larides, your right hand cut off seeks its master, 395
and the half-alive fingers flicker and re-tract the steel.
Among the Arcadians, inflamed by his monition and gazing upon the preeminent
deeds of the man, mingled grief and shame arm them against the foes.

Tum Pallas biiugis fugientem Rhoetea praeter
traicit. hoc spatium tantumque morae fuit Ilo;               400
Ilo namque procul validam derexerat hastam,
quam medius Rhoeteus intercipit, optime Teuthra,
te fugiens fratremque Tyren, curruque volutus
caedit semianimis Rutulorum calcibus arva.
ac velut optato ventis aestate coortis               405
dispersa immittit silvis incendia pastor,
correptis subito mediis extenditur una
horrida per latos acies Volcania campos,
ille sedens victor flammas despectat ovantis:
non aliter socium virtus coit omnis in unum               410

Then Pallas, as he drives by with his two-horsed team, pierces the fleeing Rhoeteus.
This was the interval and just so much delay for Ilus;               400
for Ilus had from afar directed a sturdy spear,
which Rhoeteus, coming between, intercepts, most excellent Teuthras,
fleeing from you and your brother Tyren, and, rolled from his chariot,
half-alive he beats the fields under the Rutulians’ heels.
And just as, when in summer, the winds having risen as desired,               405
a shepherd lets loose fires, scattered, into the woods,
once the mid parts are suddenly seized, one horrid
Vulcanian line of battle is extended across the broad plains,
he, sitting as victor, looks down on the exultant flames:
not otherwise does all the valor of the allies gather itself into one.               410

teque iuvat, Palla. sed bellis acer Halaesus
tendit in adversos seque in sua colligit arma.
hic mactat Ladona Pheretaque Demodocumque,
Strymonio dextram fulgenti deripit ense
elatam in iugulum, saxo ferit ora Thoantis 415
ossaque dispersit cerebro permixta cruento.

and it pleases you too, Pallas. But Halaesus, keen in wars,
presses upon his adversaries and gathers himself under his own arms.
here he slaughters Ladon and Pheres and Demodocus,
from Strymonius he tears the right hand with a gleaming sword,
raised toward the jugular, he strikes Thoas’s face with a stone, 415
and scattered the bones, mixed with bloody brain.

fata canens silvis genitor celarat Halaesum;
ut senior leto canentia lumina solvit,
iniecere manum Parcae telisque sacrarunt
Evandri. quem sic Pallas petit ante precatus: 420
'da nunc, Thybri pater, ferro, quod missile libro,
fortunam atque viam duri per pectus Halaesi.
haec arma exuviasque viri tua quercus habebit.'
audiit illa deus; dum texit Imaona Halaesus,
Arcadio infelix telo dat pectus inermum. 425

his father, chanting the fates, had hidden Halaesus in the woods;
when, as an elder, he released his hoary eyes to death,
the Parcae laid their hand on him and consecrated him to the weapons
of Evander. whom thus Pallas seeks, having first prayed: 420
'grant now, Father Tiber, to the steel which as a missile I poise,
fortune and a path through the breast of hardy Halaesus.
your oak shall have these arms and the spoils of the man.'
the god heard that; while Halaesus covers Imaon,
unlucky, he gives his unarmed breast to the Arcadian dart. 425

At non caede viri tanta perterrita Lausus,
pars ingens belli, sinit agmina: primus Abantem
oppositum interimit, pugnae nodumque moramque.
sternitur Arcadiae proles, sternuntur Etrusci
et vos, o Grais imperdita corpora, Teucri. 430
agmina concurrunt ducibusque et viribus aequis;
extremi addensent acies nec turba moveri
tela manusque sinit.

But Lausus, not allowing the battalions, a huge part of the war, though the ranks were terrified by such a slaughter of the man,
is first to slay Abas, opposed, the knot and the delay of the fight.
the offspring of Arcadia is strewn, the Etruscans are strewn,
and you too, O Teucrians, bodies not destroyed by the Greeks. 430
the battalions run together with leaders and with forces equal;
the hindmost thicken the battle-lines, nor does the throng allow
weapons and hands to be moved.

hinc Pallas instat et urget,
hinc contra Lausus, nec multum discrepat aetas,
egregii forma, sed quis Fortuna negarat 435
in patriam reditus. ipsos concurrere passus
haud tamen inter se magni regnator Olympi;
mox illos sua fata manent maiore sub hoste.

on this side Pallas presses and urges,
on that side in opposition Lausus, nor does age differ much,
distinguished in form; but to whom Fortune had denied a return to their fatherland 435
to let them themselves clash the great ruler of Olympus did not, however, permit with each other;
soon their own fates await them beneath a greater enemy.

Interea soror alma monet succedere Lauso
Turnum, qui volucri curru medium secat agmen.               440
ut vidit socios: 'tempus desistere pugnae;
solus ego in Pallanta feror, soli mihi Pallas
debetur; cuperem ipse parens spectator adesset.'
haec ait, et socii cesserunt aequore iusso.
at Rutulum abscessu iuvenis tum iussa superba               445
miratus stupet in Turno corpusque per ingens
lumina voluit obitque truci procul omnia visu,
talibus et dictis it contra dicta tyranni:
'aut spoliis ego iam raptis laudabor opimis
aut leto insigni: sorti pater aequus utrique est.               450

Meanwhile his kindly sister warns Turnus to succor Lausus,
who with flying chariot cuts the middle of the column.               440
as soon as he saw his comrades: 'it is time to desist from battle;
I alone am borne against Pallas; to me alone Pallas
is owed; I would that his father himself were present as spectator.'
He says these things, and the comrades withdrew from the level plain as ordered.
but at the Rutulian’s withdrawal the youth then, admiring the proud commands,               445
stands agape at Turnus, and over the huge body
he rolled his eyes and surveys everything from afar with a grim look,
and with such words he goes against the words of the tyrant:
'either I shall now be praised with the richest spoils seized
or with a signal death: my father is impartial to either lot.'               450

tolle minas.' fatus medium procedit in aequor;
frigidus Arcadibus coit in praecordia sanguis.
desiluit Turnus biiugis, pedes apparat ire
comminus; utque leo, specula cum vidit ab alta
stare procul campis meditantem in proelia taurum, 455
advolat, haud alia est Turni venientis imago.
hunc ubi contiguum missae fore credidit hastae,
ire prior Pallas, si qua fors adiuvet ausum
viribus imparibus, magnumque ita ad aethera fatur:
'per patris hospitium et mensas, quas advena adisti, 460
te precor, Alcide, coeptis ingentibus adsis.

'remove your threats.' Having spoken, he proceeds into the midst of the level plain;
a cold blood gathers into the Arcadians’ inmost hearts.
Turnus leapt down from his two-horse chariot, prepares to go on foot
at close quarters; and as a lion, when from a high lookout he has seen
a bull standing far off in the fields, practicing for battles, 455
swoops upon him—no other is the image of Turnus coming.
When he believed that this one would be within reach of the hurled spear,
Pallas goes forth first, if any chance might aid a daring
unequal in strengths, and thus he speaks aloud to the upper aether:
'by my father’s hospitality and the tables which you, as a guest, approached, 460
I beseech you, Alcides, be present to my mighty undertakings.

cernat semineci sibi me rapere arma cruenta
victoremque ferant morientia lumina Turni.'
audiit Alcides iuvenem magnumque sub imo
corde premit gemitum lacrimasque effundit inanis. 465

let him see me snatch for myself the bloody arms from the half-dead,
and may Turnus’s dying eyes bear me as victor.'
Alcides heard the youth and deep in his inmost
heart he presses a great groan and pours out empty tears. 465

tum genitor natum dictis adfatur amicis:
'stat sua cuique dies, breve et inreparabile tempus
omnibus est vitae; sed famam extendere factis,
hoc virtutis opus. Troiae sub moenibus altis
tot gnati cecidere deum, quin occidit una 470
Sarpedon, mea progenies; etiam sua Turnum
fata vocant metasque dati pervenit ad aevi.'
sic ait, atque oculos Rutulorum reicit arvis.

then the sire addresses his son with friendly words:
'each one’s day stands fixed, and brief and irreparable is the time
of life for all; but to extend one’s fame by deeds—
this is the work of virtue. Beneath Troy’s lofty walls
so many sons of gods have fallen; indeed Sarpedon fell, my progeny; 470
Turnus too his fates are calling, and he has reached the bounds
of his allotted span of age.'
thus he speaks, and he turns his eyes away from the Rutulian fields.

At Pallas magnis emittit viribus hastam
vaginaque cava fulgentem deripit ensem.               475
illa volans umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa
incidit, atque viam clipei molita per oras
tandem etiam magno strinxit de corpore Turni.
hic Turnus ferro praefixum robur acuto
in Pallanta diu librans iacit atque ita fatur:               480
'aspice num mage sit nostrum penetrabile telum.'
dixerat; at clipeum, tot ferri terga, tot aeris,
quem pellis totiens obeat circumdata tauri,
vibranti cuspis medium transverberat ictu
loricaeque moras et pectus perforat ingens.               485

But Pallas launches the spear with great forces,
and from the hollow scabbard he tears out the gleaming sword.               475
that, flying, strikes where the topmost coverings of the shoulder rise,
and, having worked a way along the rims of the shield,
at last even grazed from the great body of Turnus.
here Turnus, long balancing a timber tipped with sharp iron,
hurls it at Pallas and thus speaks:               480
'see whether our weapon be the more piercing.'
He had spoken; and the point, with a quivering blow, pierces through the middle of the shield—so many layers of iron, so many of bronze,
which the hide of a bull, wrapped around, so often encircles—
and it perforates the delays of the corslet and the mighty breast.               485

ille rapit calidum frustra de vulnere telum:
una eademque via sanguis animusque sequuntur.
corruit in vulnus (sonitum super arma dedere)
et terram hostilem moriens petit ore cruento.
quem Turnus super adsistens: 490
'Arcades, haec' inquit 'memores mea dicta referte
Evandro: qualem meruit, Pallanta remitto.

he snatches in vain the hot weapon from the wound:
by one and the same way blood and spirit follow.
he collapses upon the wound (the arms above gave a sound)
and, dying, he seeks the hostile earth with bloody mouth.
whom Turnus, standing over, says: 490
'Arcadians, mindful, carry back these my words
to Evander: such as he merited, I remit Pallas.'

quisquis honos tumuli, quidquid solamen humandi est,
largior. haud illi stabunt Aeneia parvo
hospitia.' et laevo pressit pede talia fatus 495
exanimem rapiens immania pondera baltei
impressumque nefas: una sub nocte iugali
caesa manus iuvenum foede thalamique cruenti,
quae Clonus Eurytides multo caelaverat auro;
quo nunc Turnus ovat spolio gaudetque potitus. 500

whatever honor of a tomb, whatever solace of burial there is,
I bestow more lavishly. Aenean hospitalities shall not stand him cheap.' and with his left foot he pressed, having spoken such words 495
snatching away the lifeless one, the monstrous weights of the baldric
and the outrage imprinted on it: in one bridal night
a band of youths foully slain and bridal chambers bloody,
which Clonus, son of Eurytus, had chased with much gold;
with which spoil now Turnus exults and rejoices, having gained possession. 500

nescia mens hominum fati sortisque futurae
et servare modum rebus sublata secundis!
Turno tempus erit magno cum optaverit emptum
intactum Pallanta, et cum spolia ista diemque
oderit. at socii multo gemitu lacrimisque 505
impositum scuto referunt Pallanta frequentes.

Unknowing is the mind of men of fate and of the future lot,
and to preserve measure when lifted up by prosperous things!
For Turnus there will be a time, at a great price, when he will have wished
that Pallas untouched had been bought, and when he will hate
those spoils and the day. But the comrades, with much groaning and tears 505
in throngs carry back Pallas, placed upon a shield.

o dolor atque decus magnum rediture parenti,
haec te prima dies bello dedit, haec eadem aufert,
cum tamen ingentis Rutulorum linquis acervos!

O grief and great honor, about to return to your parent,
this first day gave you to war, this same day takes you away,
although yet you leave immense heaps of Rutulians!

Nec iam fama mali tanti, sed certior auctor 510
advolat Aeneae tenui discrimine leti
esse suos, tempus versis succurrere Teucris.
proxima quaeque metit gladio latumque per agmen
ardens limitem agit ferro, te, Turne, superbum
caede nova quaerens. Pallas, Evander, in ipsis 515
omnia sunt oculis, mensae quas advena primas
tunc adiit, dextraeque datae.

No longer the rumor of so great an evil, but a more certain informer 510
flies to Aeneas that his men are by a slender margin from death,
that it is time to run to the aid of the Teucrians who are turned in flight.
whatever is nearest he mows with the sword, and through the broad battle-column
burning he drives a track with steel, you, Turnus, proud
with fresh slaughter he seeks. Pallas, Evander—before his very eyes 515
are all things: the tables which as a newcomer he first
then approached, and the right hands that were given.

Sulmone creatos
quattuor hic iuvenes, totidem quos educat Ufens,
viventis rapit, inferias quos immolet umbris
captivoque rogi perfundat sanguine flammas. 520

born at Sulmo
four youths here, just so many as Ufens rears,
he seizes alive, to immolate as inferiae to the shades
and to drench the flames of the pyre with captive blood. 520

inde Mago procul infensam contenderat hastam:
ille astu subit, at tremibunda supervolat hasta,
et genua amplectens effatur talia supplex:
'per patrios manis et spes surgentis Iuli
te precor, hanc animam serves gnatoque patrique. 525
est domus alta, iacent penitus defossa talenta
caelati argenti, sunt auri pondera facti
infectique mihi. non hic victoria Teucrum
vertitur aut anima una dabit discrimina tanta.'
dixerat.

then Magus from afar had hurled a hostile spear:
he slips under by craft, but the trembling spear flies over,
and embracing his knees the suppliant utters such words:
'by the ancestral Manes and the hopes of rising Iulus
I beseech you, preserve this soul for son and for father. 525
there is a lofty house; deep within lie buried talents
of chased silver; there are weights of gold, wrought
and unwrought, that are mine. not here is the victory of the Teucrians
turned, nor will one life make so great a difference.'
he had spoken.

Aeneas contra cui talia reddit: 530
'argenti atque auri memoras quae multa talenta
gnatis parce tuis. belli commercia Turnus
sustulit ista prior iam tum Pallante perempto.
hoc patris Anchisae manes, hoc sentit Iulus.'
sic fatus galeam laeva tenet atque reflexa 535

Aeneas, in reply, returns to him such words: 530
'you mention many talents of silver and of gold—
spare them for your sons. Turnus has done away with that
commerce of war already before, even then when Pallas was slain.
this the shades of father Anchises, this Iulus perceives.'
thus having spoken, he holds the helmet in his left hand, and, bent back, 535

cervice orantis capulo tenus applicat ensem.
nec procul Haemonides, Phoebi Triviaeque sacerdos,
infula cui sacra redimibat tempora vitta,
totus conlucens veste atque insignibus albis.
quem congressus agit campo, lapsumque superstans 540
immolat ingentique umbra tegit, arma Serestus
lecta refert umeris tibi, rex Gradiue, tropaeum.

he presses the sword up to the hilt against the neck of the suppliant.
nor far off Haemonides, priest of Phoebus and of Trivia,
whose temples the sacred infula-fillet was encircling,
all shining with white robe and insignia.
whom, having engaged, he drives on the field, and, standing over him as he fell, 540
he immolates and covers with his vast shadow; Serestus
carries back the gathered arms on his shoulders for you, king Gradivus, as a trophy.

Instaurant acies Volcani stirpe creatus
Caeculus et veniens Marsorum montibus Umbro.
Dardanides contra furit: Anxuris ense sinistram               545
et totum clipei ferro deiecerat orbem
(dixerat ille aliquid magnum vimque adfore verbo
crediderat, caeloque animum fortasse ferebat
canitiemque sibi et longos promiserat annos);
Tarquitus exsultans contra fulgentibus armis,               550
silvicolae Fauno Dryope quem nympha crearat,
obvius ardenti sese obtulit. ille reducta
loricam clipeique ingens onus impedit hasta,
tum caput orantis nequiquam et multa parantis
dicere deturbat terrae, truncumque tepentem               555

They renew the battle-lines, Caeculus created from Vulcan’s stock,
and Umbro coming from the Marsians’ mountains.
The Dardanian in reply rages: Anxur’s left hand with his sword,               545
and the whole orb of his shield with iron he had cast down
(he had said something great and had believed force would be present to the word,
and perhaps was bearing his spirit to the sky,
and had promised to himself hoary age and long years);
Tarquitus, exultant, in gleaming arms, in counter-charge, whom the nymph Dryope to woodland Faunus had begotten,               550
met him and offered himself to the blazing one. He, his spear drawn back,
hampers the corselet and the huge burden of the shield with his spear,
then the head of the one begging in vain and preparing to say many things
he dashes down to the earth, and the still-warm trunk               555

provolvens super haec inimico pectore fatur:
'istic nunc, metuende, iace. non te optima mater
condet humi patrioque onerabit membra sepulcro:
alitibus linquere feris, aut gurgite mersum
unda feret piscesque impasti vulnera lambent.' 560
protinus Antaeum et Lucam, prima agmina Turni,
persequitur, fortemque Numam fulvumque Camertem,
magnanimo Volcente satum, ditissimus agri
qui fuit Ausonidum et tacitis regnavit Amyclis.
Aegaeon qualis, centum cui bracchia dicunt 565
centenasque manus, quinquaginta oribus ignem
pectoribusque arsisse, Iovis cum fulmina contra
tot paribus streperet clipeis, tot stringeret ensis:
sic toto Aeneas desaevit in aequore victor
ut semel intepuit mucro.

rolling forth upon these things, with a hostile breast he speaks:
'There now, dread one, lie. Not will your best mother
lay you in the ground, nor will she load your limbs with a paternal tomb:
to birds of prey you will be left, or, drowned in the whirlpool,
the wave will carry you, and unfed fishes will lick your wounds.' 560
straightway he pursues Antaeus and Lucas, the foremost ranks of Turnus,
and brave Numa and tawny Camers,
sprung from magnanimous Volcens, richest in land
who was of the Ausonians and ruled in silent Amyclae.
Such as Aegaeon, to whom they say there were a hundred arms 565
and a hundred hands, that from fifty mouths and breasts fire
blazed, when against the thunderbolts of Jove he rattled
with as many equal shields, drew as many swords:
so over the whole level Aeneas raged-out, victor,
once the blade had grown warm.

quin ecce Niphaei 570

nay rather, behold the men of Niphaeus 570

quadriiugis in equos adversaque pectora tendit.
atque illi longe gradientem et dira frementem
ut videre, metu versi retroque ruentes
effunduntque ducem rapiuntque ad litora currus.

he makes toward the four-yoked horses and their confronting chests.
And they, when they saw him striding from afar and bellowing direly,
turned by fear and rushing backward,
spill their leader and snatch the chariots toward the shores.

Interea biiugis infert se Lucagus albis 575
in medios fraterque Liger; sed frater habenis
flectit equos, strictum rotat acer Lucagus ensem.
haud tulit Aeneas tanto fervore furentis;
inruit adversaque ingens apparuit hasta.
cui Liger: 580
'non Diomedis equos nec currum cernis Achilli
aut Phrygiae campos: nunc belli finis et aevi
his dabitur terris.' vesano talia late
dicta volant Ligeri.

Meanwhile Lucagus with white bi-yoked horses bears himself forward 575
into the midst, and his brother Liger; but the brother with the reins
bends the horses, keen Lucagus whirls his drawn sword.
Aeneas did not bear their raging with such fervor;
he rushes in, and huge he appeared with his spear opposed.
to whom Liger: 580
'you do not perceive the horses of Diomedes nor the chariot of Achilles
nor the Phrygian plains: now the finish of war and of your age
will be granted in these lands.' such words of insane Liger
fly far and wide.

sed non et Troius heros
dicta parat contra, iaculum nam torquet in hostis. 585

but not so does the Trojan hero
prepare words in reply; for he hurls a javelin against the foe. 585

Lucagus ut pronus pendens in verbera telo
admonuit biiugos, proiecto dum pede laevo
aptat se pugnae, subit oras hasta per imas
fulgentis clipei, tum laevum perforat inguen;
excussus curru moribundus volvitur arvis.               590
quem pius Aeneas dictis adfatur amaris:
'Lucage, nulla tuos currus fuga segnis equorum
prodidit aut vanae vertere ex hostibus umbrae:
ipse rotis saliens iuga deseris.' haec ita fatus
arripuit biiugos; frater tendebat inertis               595
infelix palmas curru delapsus eodem:
'per te, per qui te talem genuere parentes,
vir Troiane, sine hanc animam et miserere precantis.'
pluribus oranti Aeneas: 'haud talia dudum
dicta dabas. morere et fratrem ne desere frater.'               600

As Lucagus, leaning forward, hanging over the lashes, with his weapon urged on the two-horse team, while, with his left foot flung forward, he fits himself for combat, the spear goes beneath the lowest edges of the gleaming shield, then perforates the left groin; cast from the chariot, dying he rolls on the fields.               590
whom pious Aeneas addresses with bitter words:
‘Lucagus, no sluggish flight of your horses has betrayed your chariot, nor have empty shadows of foes made you wheel about: you yourself, leaping from the wheels, abandon the yokes.’ Having thus spoken he seized the two-horse team; the brother, unlucky, was stretching out powerless palms, having fallen from the same chariot:               595
‘by you, by the parents who begot you such, Trojan man, allow this soul and pity one who prays.’
To him begging with more words Aeneas: ‘not such words were you giving a little before. Die, and do not desert your brother, brother.’               600

tum latebras animae pectus mucrone recludit.
talia per campos edebat funera ductor
Dardanius torrentis aquae vel turbinis atri
more furens. tandem erumpunt et castra relinquunt
Ascanius puer et nequiquam obsessa iuventus. 605

then with the blade he unseals the hiding-places of the soul, his breast.
such funerals through the fields the Dardanian leader was enacting,
raging in the manner of a torrent of water or of a dark whirlwind.
at last they burst forth and abandon the camp—
the boy Ascanius and the youth besieged in vain. 605

Iunonem interea compellat Iuppiter ultro:
'o germana mihi atque eadem gratissima coniunx,
ut rebare, Venus (nec te sententia fallit)
Troianas sustentat opes, non vivida bello
dextra viris animusque ferox patiensque pericli.' 610
cui Iuno summissa: 'quid, o pulcherrime coniunx,
sollicitas aegram et tua tristia dicta timentem?
si mihi, quae quondam fuerat quamque esse decebat,
vis in amore foret, non hoc mihi namque negares,
omnipotens, quin et pugnae subducere Turnum 615
et Dauno possem incolumem servare parenti.
nunc pereat Teucrisque pio det sanguine poenas.

Meanwhile Jupiter addresses Juno of his own accord:
'O sister to me and likewise most pleasing spouse,
as you reckoned, Venus (nor does your sentiment deceive you)
sustains the Trojan powers, and not the war-lively
right hand of the men and a spirit fierce and enduring of peril.' 610
to whom Juno, submissive: 'why, O most beautiful spouse,
do you trouble me, sick and fearing your grim words?
if for me there were the force in your love which once had been and which it was fitting to be,
for you would not deny me this, almighty,
but that I might both withdraw Turnus from the fight 615
and be able to preserve him unharmed for his father Daunus.
now let him perish and pay the Teucrians the penalty with pious blood.

ille tamen nostra deducit origine nomen
Pilumnusque illi quartus pater, et tua larga
saepe manu multisque oneravit limina donis.' 620

yet he derives his name from our origin,
and Pilumnus is his fourth grandsire, and with a bountiful
hand he has often burdened your thresholds with many gifts. 620

cui rex aetherii breviter sic fatur Olympi:
'si mora praesentis leti tempusque caduco
oratur iuveni meque hoc ita ponere sentis,
tolle fuga Turnum atque instantibus eripe fatis:
hactenus indulsisse vacat. sin altior istis 625
sub precibus venia ulla latet totumque moveri
mutarive putas bellum, spes pascis inanis.'
et Iuno adlacrimans: 'quid si, quae voce gravaris,
mente dares atque haec Turno rata vita maneret?
nunc manet insontem gravis exitus, aut ego veri 630
vana feror.

to whom the king of aetherial Olympus briefly thus speaks:
'if a delay of present death and time for the mortal youth
is entreated, and you perceive me to set this thus,
take Turnus away by flight and snatch him from the pressing fates:
up to this point it is permitted to have indulged. But if any higher 625
pardon lies hidden under those prayers and you think the whole war to be moved
or to be changed, you feed an empty hope.'
And Juno, shedding tears: 'What if, what you are burdened to grant by voice,
you should grant in mind, and this life for Turnus should remain ratified?
now a grievous end awaits the innocent, or I am borne vainly 630
from the truth.

quod ut o potius formidine falsa
ludar, et in melius tua, qui potes, orsa reflectas!'

that, o, I might rather be toyed with by false fear,
and that you, who can, would turn your undertakings for the better!'

Haec ubi dicta dedit, caelo se protinus alto
misit agens hiemem nimbo succincta per auras,
Iliacamque aciem et Laurentia castra petivit.               635
tum dea nube cava tenuem sine viribus umbram
in faciem Aeneae (visu mirabile monstrum)
Dardaniis ornat telis, clipeumque iubasque
divini adsimulat capitis, dat inania verba,
dat sine mente sonum gressusque effingit euntis,               640
morte obita qualis fama est volitare figuras
aut quae sopitos deludunt somnia sensus.
at primas laeta ante acies exsultat imago
inritatque virum telis et voce lacessit.
instat cui Turnus stridentemque eminus hastam               645

When she had given these words, she straightway sent herself from the high heaven,
driving a winter-storm, girt with a rain-cloud, through the airs,
and she sought the Iliac battle line and the Laurentine camp.               635
then the goddess, with a hollow cloud, fashions a thin shade without strength
into the face of Aeneas (a marvel to behold),
she adorns it with Dardanian weapons, and she simulates the shield and crests
of the divine head, she gives empty words,
she gives sound without mind and imitates the steps of one going,               640
such as figures are said to flit when death has been met,
or such dreams as delude senses sunk in sleep.
But before the front battle lines the glad image exults
and provokes the man with missiles and challenges with voice.
at whom Turnus presses and from afar [hurls] the hissing spear               645

conicit; illa dato vertit vestigia tergo.
tum vero Aenean aversum ut cedere Turnus
credidit atque animo spem turbidus hausit inanem:
'quo fugis, Aenea? thalamos ne desere pactos;
hac dabitur dextra tellus quaesita per undas.' 650
talia vociferans sequitur strictumque coruscat
mucronem, nec ferre videt sua gaudia ventos.

he hurls; she, with her back presented, turns her steps.
then indeed, when Aeneas turned away, Turnus believed that he was yielding, and, turbid in spirit, drank in a vain hope:
'where are you fleeing, Aeneas? do not desert the betrothed bridal chambers;
by this right hand the land sought through the waves shall be given.' 650
vociferating such things, he pursues and makes the drawn point flash,
nor does he see his joys borne away by the winds.

Forte ratis celsi coniuncta crepidine saxi
expositis stabat scalis et ponte parato,
qua rex Clusinis aduectus Osinius oris.               655
huc sese trepida Aeneae fugientis imago
conicit in latebras, nec Turnus segnior instat
exsuperatque moras et pontis transilit altos.
vix proram attigerat, rumpit Saturnia funem
avulsamque rapit revoluta per aequora navem.               660
tum levis haud ultra latebras iam quaerit imago,               663

By chance a raft, joined to the ledge of a lofty rock,
stood with ladders set out and with a gangway prepared,
by which King Osinius had been conveyed from the Clusine shores.               655
to this place the trembling image of fleeing Aeneas
casts itself into hiding-places, nor is Turnus slower as he presses on
and he overcomes the delays and leaps across the high gangways.
scarcely had he touched the prow, the Saturnian breaks the cable
and snatches the torn-away ship, rolled back across the waters.               660
then the light image no longer seeks hiding-places any further,               663

sed sublime volans nubi se immiscuit atrae,
illum autem Aeneas absentem in proelia poscit; 661
obvia multa virum demittit corpora morti,
cum Turnum medio interea fert aequore turbo. 665
respicit ignarus rerum ingratusque salutis
et duplicis cum voce manus ad sidera tendit:
'omnipotens genitor, tanton me crimine dignum
duxisti et talis voluisti expendere poenas?
quo feror? unde abii?

but, soaring on high, it mingled itself with a black cloud,
but Aeneas summons him, absent, to battle; 661
he sends many bodies of men in his way down to death,
while meanwhile a whirlwind bears Turnus over the mid-sea. 665
he looks back, ignorant of the facts and ungrateful for salvation,
and with his voice he stretches both hands to the stars:
'Omnipotent father, have you deemed me worthy of so great a crime
and have you wished to expend such penalties?
where am I borne? whence have I gone away?

quae me fuga quemve reducit? 670

what flight carries me, or whom does it bring back? 670

Laurentisne iterum muros aut castra videbo?
quid manus illa virum, qui me meaque arma secuti?
quosque (nefas) omnis infanda in morte reliqui
et nunc palantis video, gemitumque cadentum
accipio?

Shall I again see the Laurentian walls or the camp?
What of that band of men, who followed me and my arms?
and whom (monstrous!) I left, all, to an unspeakable death,
and now do I see them straggling, and do I catch the groan of the falling
do I receive?

quid ago? aut quae iam satis ima dehiscat 675
terra mihi? vos o potius miserescite, venti;
in rupes, in saxa (volens vos Turnus adoro)
ferte ratem saevisque vadis immittite syrtis,
quo nec me Rutuli nec conscia fama sequatur.'
haec memorans animo nunc huc, nunc fluctuat illuc, 680
an sese mucrone ob tantum dedecus amens
induat et crudum per costas exigat ensem,
fluctibus an iaciat mediis et litora nando
curva petat Teucrumque iterum se reddat in arma.

what am I to do? or what earth’s depths may now gape deep enough 675
for me? you, O winds, rather take pity; onto crags, onto rocks (willing, I Turnus adore you)
carry the ship and hurl it into savage shallows and shoals,
to where neither the Rutulians nor a conscious Fame may follow me.'
saying these things, in mind now here, now he fluctuates there, 680
whether, out of his senses, he should sheathe himself upon the blade for so great disgrace
and drive the cruel sword through his ribs,
or cast himself into the midst of the waves and seek the curved shores by swimming,
and give himself back again into Teucrian arms.

ter conatus utramque viam, ter maxima Iuno 685

three times he attempted each way, three times greatest Juno 685

continuit iuvenemque animi miserata repressit.
labitur alta secans fluctuque aestuque secundo
et patris antiquam Dauni defertur ad urbem.

she held him back and, pitying the youth’s spirit, repressed him.
it glides, cutting the deep, with a favorable wave and tide,
and is borne to the ancient city of his father Daunus.

At Iovis interea monitis Mezentius ardens
succedit pugnae Teucrosque invadit ovantis.               690
concurrunt Tyrrhenae acies atque omnibus uni,
uni odiisque viro telisque frequentibus instant.
ille (velut rupes vastum quae prodit in aequor,
obvia ventorum furiis expostaque ponto,
vim cunctam atque minas perfert caelique marisque               695
ipsa immota manens) prolem Dolichaonis Hebrum
sternit humi, cum quo Latagum Palmumque fugacem,
sed Latagum saxo atque ingenti fragmine montis
occupat os faciemque adversam, poplite Palmum
succiso volvi segnem sinit, armaque Lauso               700

But meanwhile, at Jupiter’s monitions, Mezentius burning
comes up to the fight and attacks the rejoicing Teucrians.               690
the Tyrrhenian battle-lines run together and upon one man, upon one,
press with hatreds against the man and with frequent missiles.
He (like a cliff which projects into the vast level sea,
meeting the furies of the winds and exposed to the deep,
enduring all the force and threats of sky and sea,               695
itself remaining unmoved) lays low on the ground Hebrus,
the offspring of Dolichaon, and with him Latagus and flighty Palmus,
but Latagus with a rock and a huge fragment of mountain
he strikes full in the mouth and opposing face; Palmus, with the knee hamstrung,
he allows to roll sluggish, and he gives the arms to Lausus.               700

donat habere umeris et vertice figere cristas.
nec non Euanthen Phrygium Paridisque Mimanta
aequalem comitemque, una quem nocte Theano
in lucem genitore Amyco dedit et face praegnas
Cisseis regina Parim; Paris urbe paterna               705
occubat, ignarum Laurens habet ora Mimanta.
ac velut ille canum morsu de montibus altis
actus aper, multos Vesulus quem pinifer annos
defendit multosque palus Laurentia silva
pascit harundinea, postquam inter retia ventum est,               710
substitit infremuitque ferox et inhorruit armos,
nec cuiquam irasci propiusve accedere virtus,
sed iaculis tutisque procul clamoribus instant;
ille autem impavidus partis cunctatur in omnis               717

he gifts them to Lausus to have upon his shoulders and to fasten the crests upon his head.
nor yet does he not [fell] Euanthes the Phrygian and Mimas of Paris,
equal in age and a companion, whom in one night Theano
gave into the light with his genitor Amycus, and Cisseis the queen,
pregnant by the torch, bore Paris; Paris in his fatherly city               705
lies dead; the Laurentine shore holds Mimas, unaware.
and just as that boar, driven by the bite of hounds from the high mountains,
whom pine-bearing Vesulus for many years has defended
and the Laurentian marsh, the reed-bearing forest, for many has fed,
after it has come among the nets,               710
it halted and growled fierce and made its shoulders bristle,
nor has anyone the valor to enrage him or to draw nearer,
but with javelins and with safe shouts from afar they press;
he, however, undaunted, hesitates toward all sides               717

dentibus infrendens et tergo decutit hastas:               718
haud aliter, iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,               714
non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,               715

gnashing with his teeth and he shakes the spears from his back:               718
not otherwise, for those to whom wrath against Mezentius is just,               714
no one has the spirit to clash with drawn iron,               715

missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. 716

they provoke from afar with missiles and with a vast clamor. 716

Venerat antiquis Corythi de finibus Acron,               719
Graius homo, infectos linquens profugus hymenaeos.               720
hunc ubi miscentem longe media agmina vidit,
purpureum pennis et pactae coniugis ostro,
impastus stabula alta leo ceu saepe peragrans
(suadet enim vesana fames), si forte fugacem
conspexit capream aut surgentem in cornua cervum,               725

Acron had come from the ancient borders of Corythus,               719
a Greek man, a refugee leaving unaccomplished hymenaeals.               720
when he saw this man, far off, mingling in the middle ranks,
purple with plumes and with the purple of his betrothed spouse,
like an unfed lion often ranging through high stalls
(for rabid hunger urges), if by chance he has espied a fleeing roe
or a stag rising upon his antlers,               725

gaudet hians immane comasque arrexit et haeret
visceribus super incumbens; lavit improba taeter
ora cruor—
sic ruit in densos alacer Mezentius hostis.
sternitur infelix Acron et calcibus atram               730
tundit humum exspirans infractaque tela cruentat.
atque idem fugientem haud est dignatus Oroden
sternere nec iacta caecum dare cuspide vulnus;
obvius adversoque occurrit seque viro vir
contulit, haud furto melior sed fortibus armis.               735
tum super abiectum posito pede nixus et hasta:
'pars belli haud temnenda, viri, iacet altus Orodes.'
conclamant socii laetum paeana secuti;
ille autem exspirans: 'non me, quicumque es, inulto,
victor, nec longum laetabere; te quoque fata               740

he rejoices, gaping immensely, and has bristled up his hair and clings,
leaning above the entrails; the shameless, foul gore washes
his mouth—
thus eager Mezentius rushes into the dense enemy.
unhappy Acron is laid low and with his heels he pounds the black               730
earth as he expires, and he stains with blood the broken weapons.
and the same man disdained to lay low Orodes as he fled,
nor to give a blind wound with a hurled spear;
he met him face-to-face and ran to meet him, and man to man
matched himself, not better by stealth but by stout arms.               735
then over the cast-down man, planting his foot and leaning on his spear:
‘a part of the war not to be scorned, men, tall Orodes lies.’
his comrades shout, following the joyful paean;
but he, expiring: ‘you, whoever you are, victor, will not over me unavenged,
nor long will you rejoice; for you also the fates               740

prospectant paria atque eadem mox arva tenebis.'
ad quem subridens mixta Mezentius ira:
'nunc morere. ast de me divum pater atque hominum rex
viderit.' hoc dicens eduxit corpore telum.
olli dura quies oculos et ferreus urget 745
somnus, in aeternam clauduntur lumina noctem.

“in prospect are equal things, and the same fields you will soon possess.”
to whom Mezentius, smiling with anger mingled: “now die. But as for me, let the Father of gods and King of men look to it.” Saying this he drew the spear from the body.
on him a hard repose presses the eyes and an iron sleep, 745
the lights are shut into eternal night.

Caedicus Alcathoum obtruncat, Sacrator Hydaspen
partheniumque Rapo et praedurum viribus Orsen,
Messapus Cloniumque Lycaoniumque Erichaeten,
illum infrenis equi lapsu tellure iacentem, 750
hunc peditem. pedes et Lycius processerat Agis,
quem tamen haud expers Valerus virtutis avitae
deicit; at Thronium Salius Saliumque Nealces
insidiis, iaculo et longe fallente sagitta.

Caedicus cuts down Alcathous, Sacrator Hydaspes,
and Rapo Parthenius and Orses, very tough in strength,
Messapus Clonius and Lycaonian Erichaetes,
that one lying on the ground by the slip of an unbridled horse, 750
this one a foot-soldier. And on foot too Lycian Agis had advanced,
whom, however, Valerus, not devoid of ancestral virtue,
casts down; but Thronius by Salius, and Salius by Nealces,
by ambush, with a javelin and an arrow deceiving at long range.

Iam gravis aequabat luctus et mutua Mavors 755
funera; caedebant pariter pariterque ruebant
victores victique, neque his fuga nota neque illis.
di Iovis in tectis iram miserantur inanem
amborum et tantos mortalibus esse labores;
hinc Venus, hinc contra spectat Saturnia Iuno. 760
pallida Tisiphone media inter milia saevit.

Now grievous Mars was equalizing grief and mutual funerals; 755
they were cutting down equally and equally they were collapsing,
victors and vanquished, and to neither these nor those was flight known.
the gods in Jove’s halls pity the vain wrath of both
and that there are such great labors for mortals; on this side Venus, on that in opposition Saturnian Juno looks on. 760
pale Tisiphone rages in the midst among the thousands.

At vero ingentem quatiens Mezentius hastam
turbidus ingreditur campo. quam magnus Orion,
cum pedes incedit medii per maxima Nerei
stagna viam scindens, umero supereminet undas, 765
aut summis referens annosam montibus ornum
ingrediturque solo et caput inter nubila condit,
talis se vastis infert Mezentius armis.
huic contra Aeneas speculatus in agmine longo
obvius ire parat.

But indeed, shaking his immense spear, Mezentius, turbid, advances onto the field. As great Orion, when on foot he strides through the vast pools of Nereus in the midst, cleaving a way, with his shoulder he over-tops the waves, 765
or bringing back from the highest mountains an aged ash, he steps upon the ground and hides his head among the clouds, so does Mezentius carry himself in his vast arms. Over against him Aeneas, having spied him in the long line, prepares to go to meet him.

manet imperterritus ille 770
hostem magnanimum opperiens, et mole sua stat;
atque oculis spatium emensus quantum satis hastae:
'dextra mihi deus et telum, quod missile libro,
nunc adsint! voveo praedonis corpore raptis
indutum spoliis ipsum te, Lause, tropaeum 775

he remains unterrified, 770
awaiting the magnanimous foe, and stands by his own mass;
and with his eyes he measured a space as much as is enough for the spear:
"My right hand, a god to me, and the weapon which I poise as a missile
be present now! I vow you, Lausus, yourself as a trophy, clad
in spoils snatched from the robber’s body" 775

Aeneae.' dixit, stridentemque eminus hastam
iecit. at illa volans clipeo est excussa proculque
egregium Antoren latus inter et ilia figit,
Herculis Antoren comitem, qui missus ab Argis
haeserat Evandro atque Itala consederat urbe. 780
sternitur infelix alieno vulnere, caelumque
aspicit et dulcis moriens reminiscitur Argos.
tum pius Aeneas hastam iacit; illa per orbem
aere cavum triplici, per linea terga tribusque
transiit intextum tauris opus, imaque sedit 785
inguine, sed viris haud pertulit.

'For Aeneas,' he said, and from afar he cast a hissing spear
he hurled it. But it, flying, was shaken off by the shield and, far away,
pierces the distinguished Antores between flank and entrails,
Antores, companion of Hercules, who, sent from Argos,
had stuck with Evander and had settled in the Italian city. 780
ill-fated, he is laid low by another’s wound, and he looks toward heaven
and, dying, remembers sweet Argos.
then pious Aeneas hurls a spear; it, through the disk
hollowed with triple bronze, through linen backs and the work
interwoven of three bulls, passed through, and settled in the lowest groin, 785
but it did not carry off his strength.

ocius ensem
Aeneas viso Tyrrheni sanguine laetus
eripit a femine et trepidanti fervidus instat.
ingemuit cari graviter genitoris amore,
ut vidit, Lausus, lacrimaeque per ora volutae— 790

more swiftly the sword
Aeneas, glad at the sight of Tyrrhenian blood,
snatches from his thigh and, fervid, presses upon the trembling man.
he groaned heavily with love of his dear father,
as he saw it, Lausus, and tears rolled down his face— 790

hic mortis durae casum tuaque optima facta,
si qua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas,
non equidem nec te, iuvenis memorande, silebo—
ille pedem referens et inutilis inque ligatus
cedebat clipeoque inimicum hastile trahebat.               795
proripuit iuvenis seseque immiscuit armis,
iamque adsurgentis dextra plagamque ferentis
Aeneae subiit mucronem ipsumque morando
sustinuit; socii magno clamore sequuntur,
dum genitor nati parma protectus abiret,               800
telaque coniciunt perturbantque eminus hostem
missilibus. furit Aeneas tectusque tenet se.
ac velut effusa si quando grandine nimbi
praecipitant, omnis campis diffugit arator
omnis et agricola, et tuta latet arce viator                805

here the fall to hard death and your most excellent deeds—if any antiquity is going to bear credence to so great a work— I for my part will not be silent, nor you, young man to be remembered—
he, drawing back his step and unserviceable and even entangled, was yielding, and by his shield he was dragging the hostile shaft.               795
the youth snatched himself forth and mingled in arms, and now, as Aeneas was rising and bringing a stroke with his right hand, he went under the point and by delaying even held him up; the comrades follow with a great shout, while the father, protected by the son’s parma, was withdrawing,               800
and they hurl weapons and disturb the enemy from afar with missiles. Aeneas rages and, covered, keeps himself under cover.
and just as when clouds, with hail poured out, rush headlong, every plowman flees the fields, every farmer too, and the wayfarer hides in a safe stronghold               805

aut amnis ripis aut alti fornice saxi,
dum pluit in terris, ut possint sole reducto
exercere diem: sic obrutus undique telis
Aeneas nubem belli, dum detonet omnis,
sustinet et Lausum increpitat Lausoque minatur:               810
'quo moriture ruis maioraque viribus audes?
fallit te incautum pietas tua.' nec minus ille
exsultat demens, saevae iamque altius irae
Dardanio surgunt ductori, extremaque Lauso
Parcae fila legunt. validum namque exigit ensem               815
per medium Aeneas iuvenem totumque recondit;
transiit et parmam mucro, levia arma minacis,
et tunicam molli mater quam neverat auro,
implevitque sinum sanguis; tum vita per auras
concessit maesta ad Manis corpusque reliquit.               820

either by the river’s banks or beneath the high vault of rock,
while it rains upon the lands, so that, with the sun led back,
they may exercise the day: so, overwhelmed on every side with missiles,
Aeneas endures the cloud of war, until all the thunder peals out,
and he reproaches Lausus and menaces Lausus:               810
'whither do you rush to die, and dare things greater than your powers?
your piety deceives you, unwary one.' nonetheless he
exults, demented, and now the savage angers rise higher
in the Dardanian leader, and the Fates gather for Lausus
his final threads. For Aeneas drives a mighty sword               815
through the middle of the youth and buries it wholly;
and the point passed through the shield, the light arms of the menacing one,
and the tunic which his mother had woven with soft gold,
and blood filled his bosom; then his life through the airs
with sadness withdrew to the Shades and left the body.               820

At vero ut vultum vidit morientis et ora,
ora modis Anchisiades pallentia miris,
ingemuit miserans graviter dextramque tetendit,
et mentem patriae subiit pietatis imago.
'quid tibi nunc, miserande puer, pro laudibus istis, 825
quid pius Aeneas tanta dabit indole dignum?
arma, quibus laetatus, habe tua; teque parentum
manibus et cineri, si qua est ea cura, remitto.

But indeed when he saw the face and the features of the dying one,
features paling in wondrous modes, the Anchisiad groaned heavily in pity and stretched forth his right hand,
and the image of fatherly pietas came into his mind.
'what now, pitiable boy, for those praises, what will pious Aeneas give to you worthy of such an endowment? 825
have your arms with which you rejoiced; and you I send back to the Manes of your parents and to their ash, if there is any such care.'

hoc tamen infelix miseram solabere mortem:
Aeneae magni dextra cadis.' increpat ultro 830
cunctantis socios et terra sublevat ipsum
sanguine turpantem comptos de more capillos.

This at least, unlucky one, will console your wretched death:
"by the right hand of great Aeneas you fall." He moreover rebukes 830
the comrades who hesitate, and from the earth he lifts him,
defiling with blood his hair adorned according to custom.

Interea genitor Tiberini ad fluminis undam
vulnera siccabat lymphis corpusque levabat
arboris acclinis trunco. procul aerea ramis 835
dependet galea et prato gravia arma quiescunt.
stant lecti circum iuvenes; ipse aeger anhelans
colla fovet fusus propexam in pectore barbam;
multa super Lauso rogitat, multumque remittit
qui revocent maestique ferant mandata parentis. 840
at Lausum socii exanimem super arma ferebant
flentes, ingentem atque ingenti vulnere victum.

Meanwhile the father by the wave of the Tiber river
was drying his wounds with waters and was lightening his body,
leaning against the trunk of a tree. At a distance a brazen helmet hangs from the branches 835
and on the meadow his heavy arms rest in quiet.
Chosen youths stand around; he himself, sick and panting,
soothes his neck, stretched out, his beard drooping upon his breast;
he asks many things about Lausus, and he sends many
to call him back and to bear the commands of the sorrowing parent. 840
But Lausus his comrades were bearing lifeless upon his arms,
weeping, mighty, and undone by a mighty wound.

agnovit longe gemitum praesaga mali mens.
canitiem multo deformat pulvere et ambas
ad caelum tendit palmas et corpore inhaeret. 845

His mind, presaging ill, recognized the groan from afar.
He disfigures his gray hair with much dust and both
to heaven stretches his palms and clings to the body. 845

'tantane me tenuit vivendi, nate, voluptas,
ut pro me hostili paterer succedere dextrae,
quem genui? tuane haec genitor per vulnera servor
morte tua vivens? heu, nunc misero mihi demum
exitium infelix, nunc alte vulnus adactum! 850
idem ego, nate, tuum maculavi crimine nomen,
pulsus ob invidiam solio sceptrisque paternis.

'Did so great a pleasure of living hold me, son,
that I should allow to go in my stead beneath a hostile right hand,
whom I begot? Is it by your wounds that I, your father, am preserved,
living by your death? Alas, now at last for wretched me
the unlucky ruin, now a wound driven deep! 850
I, the same, son, have stained your name with crime,
driven on account of envy from the throne and the paternal scepters.

debueram patriae poenas odiisque meorum:
omnis per mortis animam sontem ipse dedissem!
nunc vivo neque adhuc homines lucemque relinquo. 855
sed linquam.' simul hoc dicens attollit in aegrum
se femur et, quamquam vis alto vulnere tardat,
haud deiectus equum duci iubet. hoc decus illi,
hoc solamen erat, bellis hoc victor abibat
omnibus.

I had owed to my fatherland the penalties and to the hatreds of my own:
I myself would have given my guilty life through every kind of death!
now I live and as yet I do not leave men and the light. 855
‘but I shall leave.’ At the same time saying this, he lifts himself upon his ailing
thigh, and, although his force is slowed by the deep wound,
by no means cast down he orders the horse to be led. This was his honor,
this his solace; with this he would depart a victor from all wars
all of them.

adloquitur maerentem et talibus infit: 860

he addresses the grieving one and begins with such words: 860

'Rhaebe, diu, res si qua diu mortalibus ulla est,
viximus. aut hodie victor spolia illa cruenti
et caput Aeneae referes Lausique dolorum
ultor eris mecum, aut, aperit si nulla viam vis,
occumbes pariter; neque enim, fortissime, credo, 865
iussa aliena pati et dominos dignabere Teucros.'
dixit, et exceptus tergo consueta locavit
membra manusque ambas iaculis oneravit acutis,
aere caput fulgens cristaque hirsutus equina.
sic cursum in medios rapidus dedit.

'Rhaebus, for long—if anything for mortals is long—we have lived. Either today, as victor, you will carry back those bloody spoils and the head of Aeneas and be with me the avenger of Lausus’s pains, or, if no force opens a way, you will fall together; for, bravest one, I do not believe that you will endure others’ commands or deign to have Teucrians as masters.' 865
He spoke, and, taken up on his back, he set his accustomed limbs and loaded both hands with sharp javelins, his head gleaming with bronze and bristling with a horsehair crest.
Thus, swift, he gave his course into the midst.

aestuat ingens 870
uno in corde pudor mixtoque insania luctu.
atque hic Aenean magna ter voce vocavit. 873

a vast shame seethes 870
in one heart, and madness with mingled mourning.
and here he called Aeneas thrice with a great voice. 873

Aeneas agnovit enim laetusque precatur:
'sic pater ille deum faciat, sic altus Apollo!
incipias conferre manum.'
tantum effatus et infesta subit obvius hasta.
ille autem: 'quid me erepto, saevissime, nato
terres?

Aeneas recognized indeed and, joyful, prays:
'so may that father of the gods do it, so may lofty Apollo!
begin to join battle hand to hand.'
having so spoken, he goes up to meet him with a hostile spear.
but he, however: 'why, most savage one, with my son snatched away,
do you terrify me?

haec via sola fuit qua perdere posses:
nec mortem horremus nec divum parcimus ulli.               880
desine, nam venio moriturus et haec tibi porto
dona prius.' dixit, telumque intorsit in hostem;
inde aliud super atque aliud figitque volatque
ingenti gyro, sed sustinet aureus umbo.
ter circum astantem laevos equitavit in orbis               885
tela manu iaciens, ter secum Troius heros
immanem aerato circumfert tegmine silvam.
inde ubi tot traxisse moras, tot spicula taedet
vellere, et urgetur pugna congressus iniqua,
multa movens animo iam tandem erumpit et inter               890

this was the only way by which you could destroy: we do not shudder at death nor do we spare any of the gods.               880
cease, for I come to die and I bring you these gifts first.' he said, and he hurled a spear into the foe;
then another on top and another, and he plants and wheels
in a huge gyre, but the golden boss withstands it.
three times he rode on his leftward circles around him as he stood,               885
casting darts by hand, three times the Trojan hero
carries around with himself an immense forest with his bronze-plated covering.
then, when it wearies him to have drawn out so many delays, to pluck out so many
javelins, and he is pressed by the fight, the unequal encounter,
turning many things in his mind, at last he bursts forth and amid               890

bellatoris equi cava tempora conicit hastam.
tollit se arrectum quadripes et calcibus auras
verberat, effusumque equitem super ipse secutus
implicat eiectoque incumbit cernuus armo.
clamore incendunt caelum Troesque Latinique. 895
advolat Aeneas vaginaque eripit ensem
et super haec: 'ubi nunc Mezentius acer et illa
effera vis animi?' contra Tyrrhenus, ut auras
suspiciens hausit caelum mentemque recepit:
'hostis amare, quid increpitas mortemque minaris? 900
nullum in caede nefas, nec sic ad proelia veni,
nec tecum meus haec pepigit mihi foedera Lausus.

he hurls the spear at the hollow temples of the warrior’s horse.
the quadruped rears itself upright and with its hooves lashes the airs,
and, the horseman spilled, he himself following over him
entangles him, and headlong presses upon him with his shoulder as he is cast out.
with shouting the Trojans and the Latins set the sky ablaze. 895
Aeneas flies up and snatches his sword from the scabbard
and over him says these things: 'where now is Mezentius keen and that
savage force of spirit?' in reply the Tyrrhenian, as looking up to the breezes
he drank in the sky and recovered his mind:
'as an enemy, why do you reproach and menace with death? 900
there is no impiety in slaughter; nor did I come thus to battles,
nor did my Lausus strike these compacts with you for me.

unum hoc per si qua est victis venia hostibus oro:
corpus humo patiare tegi. scio acerba meorum
circumstare odia: hunc, oro, defende furorem 905

this one thing I beg, if there is any pardon for vanquished enemies:
allow the body to be covered with earth. I know the bitter hatreds of my people
stand around: ward off, I beg, this fury 905

et me consortem nati concede sepulcro.'
haec loquitur, iuguloque haud inscius accipit ensem
undantique animam diffundit in arma cruore.

and grant me as a consort of my son in the sepulchre.'
He speaks these things, and, not unknowing, he receives the sword to his jugular,
and diffuses his life upon his arms with billowing blood.