Albert of Aix: HISTORIA HIEROSOLYMITANAE EXPEDITIONIS

Postquam hostilis impetus abscessit, quartae imminente lucis crepusculo, Francigenae, Lotharingi, Alemanni, Bawari, Flandrenses et universum genus Teutonicorum castra moverunt cum omnibus rebus sibi necessariis et spoliis Turcorum, et in vertice Nigrorum montium castra metati, hospitio pernoctaverunt. Mane autem facto, Northmanni, Burgundiones, Britanni, Alemanni, Bawari, Teutonici, omnis videlicet exercitus, abhinc descenderunt in valle nomine Malabyumas, ubi propter difficultates locorum et angustarum faucium inter rupes iter per dies abbreviabant, et ob innumerabilem multitudinem, [0437D] et nimios calores mensis Augusti. Sabbati dehinc die cujusdam instante ejusdem mensis, defectus aquae magnus accrevit in populo.

After the hostile attack had departed, with the fourth dusk of light approaching, the Franks, Lotharingians, Alemanni, Bavarians, Flemings and the whole kindred of the Teutons broke camp with all things necessary to them and the spoils of the Turks, and having pitched camp on the summit of the Black Mountains they spent the night in lodging. When morning had come, the Northmen, Burgundians, Britons, Alemanni, Bavarians, Teutons, in short the whole army, thence descended into a valley called Malabyumas, where, because of the difficulties of the place and the narrow defiles between the rocks, they shortened the route by days, and on account of the innumerable multitude, [0437D] and the excessive heats of the month of August. On the following Saturday, that same month, a great failure of water increased among the people.

Quapropter satis anxietate oppressi, utriusque sexus quamplurimi, ut dicunt, qui adfuerunt, circiter quingenti ipsa die spiritum exhalarunt. Propterea equi, asini, cameli, muli, boves, multaque animalia eodem fine gravissimae sitis exstincti sunt.

Wherefore, oppressed by no small anxiety, very many of both sexes, as those who were present say, some five hundred or so, breathed their last on that very day. Therefore horses, asses, camels, mules, oxen, and many animals were by the same fate extinguished, most grievously by thirst.

CAP. II. - Item de eodem.

CHAPTER 2. - Also concerning the same.

Comperimus etiam illic non ex auditu solum, sed ex veridica eorum relatione qui et participes fuere ejusdem tribulationis, in eodem sitis articulo viros et mulieres miseros cruciatus pertulisse, quod mens horrescat, auditus expavescat, et de tam miserabili infortunio in suis contremiscat. Quamplurimae namque [0438C] fetae mulieres exsiccatis faucibus, arefactis visceribus, venisque omnibus corporis, solis et torridae plagae ardore inaestimabili exhaustis, media platea in omnium aspectu fetus suos enixae relinquebant. Aliae, miserae juxta fetus suos in via communi volutabantur, omnem pudorem et secreta sua oblitae prae memoratae sitis difficillima passione.

We learned also there, not from hearing only, but from the truthful report of those who had been fellow‑participants in the same tribulation, that in that same crisis of thirst men and women endured miserable torments — which the mind recoils from, the ear shudders at, and which make one tremble at so miserable a misfortune. For very many [0438C] pregnant women, with their throats dried up, their entrails parched, and all the veins of the body exhausted by the sun and by the inestimable heat of the torrid plague, in the middle of the street, in the sight of all, left their offspring struggling in travail. Others, wretched, rolled about beside their fetuses in the public way, having forgotten all shame and their private modesty because of the most grievous suffering of the aforesaid thirst.

Nec ordine mensium aut hora instanti parere compellebantur; sed solis aestuatione, viarum lassitudine, sitis collectione, aquarum longa remotione ad partum cogebantur: quarum infantes alii mortui, alii semivivi, media platea reperiebantur. Viri autem quamplurimi sudore et calore deficientes, aperto ore et faucibus hiantes, aerem tenuissimum captabant ad medicandam sitim: quod nequaquam prodesse potuit. [0438D] Nam plurima pars, ut praediximus, illic periisse hac die perhibetur.

They were not compelled to give birth according to the order of months or the hour at hand; but by the sun’s heat, the weariness of the roads, the gathering of thirst, and the long removal from waters they were driven to labour: of which infants some were dead, others half-alive, were found in the middle of the street. Very many men, failing from sweat and heat, with mouths and throats open and gasping, were taking in the most rarefied air to try to medicinate their thirst: which in no way could help. [0438D] For a very large part, as we have said, is reported to have perished there on that day.

Nisi vero et accipitres, aves domitae et gratissimae procerum et nobilium, calore eodem et siti moriebantur in manibus eas ferentium. Sed et canes in venatoria arte laudabiles inter manus magistrorum exstinguebantur. Jam sic omnibus in hac pestilentia laborantibus, optatus quaesitusque aperitur fluvius.

Nor indeed were the hawks, birds tamed and most pleasing to chiefs and nobles, spared; they died of the same heat and thirst in the hands of those carrying them. But even the dogs, praiseworthy in the hunting art, perished in the hands of their masters. Now thus, for all those laboring in this pestilence, the much-desired and sought-for river is opened.

Ad quem festinantes, prae nimio desiderio quisque alium in magna pressura praevenire studebat, nullum modum bibendi habentes, quousque infirmati plurimi ex nimia potatione tam homines quam jumenta perierunt.

Hastening to it, each, through excessive desire, strove to get before another in the great press; having no measure of drinking, until, weakened, very many perished from excessive potation, both men and beasts.

CAP. III. - Ultra progrediuntur; exercitus in geminas partes dividitur; primores venatui vacant.

CHAPTER 3. - They advance further; the army is divided into two parts; the chiefs devote themselves to the hunt.

Post haec egressis ab angustis rupibus; decretum [0439A] est communi benevolentia, propter nimietatem populi, exercitum in partes dividi. De quibus Tankradus et Baldewinus, frater ducis Godefridi, cum suis recedentes, per medias valles Ozellis transibant. Sed Tankradus cum suis praecedens, ad urbes finitimas Reclei et Stancona descendit, in quibus Christiani cives habitabant, Turcis, viris Solymani, subjugati.

After these things, having gone out from the narrow rocks, it was decreed [0439A] by common goodwill, because of the multitude of the people, that the army be divided into parts. Of these Tankradus and Baldewinus, brother of Duke Godefridus, withdrawing with their men, passed through the middle valleys of Ozellis. But Tankradus, going ahead with his men, descended to the neighboring towns of Reclei and Stancona, in which Christian citizens dwelt, subjugated by the Turks, the men of Solyman.

Baldewinus cum suis montanis semitis perplexis incesserat, gravi cibariorum defectione cum omni manu sua aggravatus, quin equi pabulo deficiente vix sequi, nedum viros portare poterant. Dux vero Godefridus, Boemundus, Robertus, Reymundus, regia via a longe sequebantur, et Antiochiam minorem reclinantes, quae in latere Reclei sita est, hospitio nona diei hora moram facere decreverunt. [0439B] Vespere autem facto, Godefridus dux caeterique primores juxta montana per amoena loca pratorum tentoria locaverunt, aptam et voluptuosam regionem considerantes et venationibus fecundissimam, quibus nobilitas delectari et exerceri gaudet.

Baldewinus, having pressed on with his men over bewildering mountain paths, was burdened with a severe failure of provisions throughout his whole host; indeed, with fodder failing the horses they could scarcely follow, much less carry the men. The leader Godefridus, Boemund, Robert, Reymund, followed the royal road from afar, and, reclining toward Lesser Antioch, which is situated on the slope of Reclei, resolved to make a stay there for hospitality at the ninth hour of the day. [0439B] When evening had come, Godefridus the duke and the other chiefs pitched tents near the mountains in the pleasant places of the meadows, deeming the region fit and delightful and very fruitful for hunts, with which the nobility delights to be entertained and exercised.

Illic accubantes, armis cunctisque exuviis repositis, silvam aptissimam venatibus reperientes, sumpto arcu et pharetra, gladiis accincti, saltus montanis contignos ingrediuntur, si forte obveniret quod configere et persequi catulorum sagacitate valerent.

There, reclining, their arms and all spoils laid aside, finding a wood most suitable for hunting, having taken up bow and quiver, girded with swords, they enter the mountain glades and woody passes, in case perchance they should encounter anything which they might pierce and pursue by the sagacity of their hounds.

CAP. IV. - Dux cum urso confligens, graviter sauciatur; sed auxilio alterius militis perempta bestia vivus eripitur.

CHAPTER 4. - The duke, fighting with a bear, is grievously wounded; but by the help of another soldier, the beast having been killed, he is rescued alive.

Tandem diffusis per opaca nemoris singulis in sua semita ad insidias ferarum, dux Godefridus [0439C] ursum immanissimum et horrendi corporis, peregrinum inopem, sarmenta congerentem, invasisse respicit, et in circuitu arboris fugientem ad devorandum persequi, sicut solitus erat pastores regionis aut silvam intrantes devorare, juxta illorum narrationem. Dux vero, sicut solitus erat et promptus ad omnia adversa Christianis fratribus subvenire, educto raptim gladio, et equo fortiter calcaribus admonito, misello homini advolat; eripere a dentibus et unguibus lanionis anxiatum festinat; et clamore vehementi per media fruteta accelerans, obvius crudeli hosti offertur. Ursus utaque, viso equo ejusque sessore se celeri cursu premente, ferocitati suae fidens et rapacitati unguium suorum, non [0439D] segnius facie ad faciem duci occurrens, fauces ut jugulet, aperit; totum se ad resistendum, imo ad invadendum, erigit; ungues suos acutissimos exerit ut laniet; caput et brachia ab ictu gladii diligenter cavens subtrahit, ac saepe volentem ferire decipit; quin murmure horrisono totam silvam et montana commovet, ita ut omnes mirarentur qui hoc audire poterant.

At last, having scattered themselves through the shady parts of the grove each along his own path for ambushes of the beasts, the leader Godefridus [0439C] sees that a most huge and dreadful-bodied bear, a lone, helpless wanderer, gathering brushwood, has attacked, and is pursuing around a tree to devour, as it was wont, according to the account of the locals, to devour shepherds of the region or those entering the wood. The duke, however, as was his custom and ready to succor Christian brethren in all adversities, drawing his sword quickly and spurring his horse with stout heels, hastens to the wretched man; anxious to snatch him from the teeth and claws of the carnivore, and with a loud shout hurrying through the midst of the thickets, he offers himself to meet the cruel foe. The bear, moreover, seeing his horse and its rider pressing on him with swift course, trusting in his own ferocity and the rapacity of his claws, not [0439D] less boldly meets the rider face to face, opening his jaws to mangle; he readies himself entirely to resist, yea to attack; he unsheathes his very sharp claws to tear; carefully avoiding the stroke of the sword, he withdraws his head and forearms, and often deceives a would‑be striker; nay, with a dreadful roaring he shakes the whole wood and the mountains, so that all who could hear this were amazed.

Dux ergo, astutum et pessimum animal considerans in feritate audaci resistere, motus animo, vehementer indignatur, et verso mucronis acumine, temerario et caeco impetu propinquat belluae ut jecur ejus perforaret. Sed infelici casu ictum gladii effugiens bellua, subito curvos ungues tunicae ducis infixit, ac complexum brachiis, equo devolutum, terrae applicans dentibus jugulare properabat. [0440A] Dux itaque angustiatus, reminiscens multorum suorum insignium factorum, et de omni periculo se adhuc nobiliter ereptum, nunc vero vili morte a cruenta bestia se suffocari dolens, recuperatis viribus in momento resurgit in pedes, gladiumque in hoc repentino lapsu ab equo, et cum insana bestia luctamine, propriis cruribus implicitum, celeriter in ejusdem ferae jugulum rapiens et capulo retinens, suras et nervos proprii cruris gravi incisione truncavit.

The leader therefore, considering the beast crafty and a most wicked animal, daring in its ferocity to resist, moved in spirit, is greatly indignant, and with the tip of his blade turned, with a rash and blind onset he approaches the beast to pierce its liver. But, the beast avoiding the stroke of the sword by unlucky chance, suddenly fixed its curved claws into the leader’s tunic, and, having clasped him with its arms, rolled him from his horse, pressing him to the ground and hastening to bite at his throat. [0440A] The leader therefore, distressed, recalling many of his outstanding deeds, and that he had hitherto been nobly rescued from every peril, now grieving that he should be choked by the bloody beast with a base death, having recovered his strength in a moment rises to his feet; and the sword, in this sudden fall from the horse, and entangled with the mad beast in wrestling around his own legs, he quickly seizing the same wild beast’s throat and holding it by the hilt, cuts off the calves and the tendons of his own leg with a grievous incision.

Sed tamen licet sanguis incessabili unda proflueret, viresque ducis minueret, iniquae belluae non cessit, ad defensionem stans asperrimus, quousque audito inopis rustici, et ab urso liberati clamore ingenti, et murmure lanionis vehementi, quidam Husechinus nomine ex consociis, per silvam diffusis, [0440B] velocitate equi, duci in auxilium adfuit: qui stricto mucrone horribilem feram impetiit, et una cum duce jecur et costas illius transfixit. Sic tandem ferocissima fera exstincta, dux primum vulneris dolore, deinde nimia sanguinis effusione coepit corde deficere, vultu pallescere, ac totum exercitum impia fama conturbare. Concurrunt universi ad locum ubi athleta et vir consiliorum, caput peregrinorum, laesus ferebatur.

But yet, although blood flowed in an unceasing wave, and diminished the leader’s strength, the iniquitous beast did not cease, standing most fierce in defense, until, at the hearing of the shout of the helpless rustics, and of the great cry of those freed from the bear, and of the beast’s vehement roar, a certain Husechinus by name from the allies, having dispersed through the wood, [0440B] with the swiftness of his horse, came to the leader’s aid: who, with his point drawn, charged against the horrible beast, and together with the leader transfixed its liver and ribs. Thus at last the most ferocious beast being killed, the leader, first by the pain of his wound and then by the overmuch effusion of blood, began to fail in heart, to grow pale in countenance, and to throw the whole army into confusion by the impious rumor. All ran together to the place where the athlete and man of councils, the head of the foreigners, was borne, wounded.

Quem principes exercitus gestatorio imponentes, ad castra cum ingenti luctu, cum planctu virorum et ululatu mulierum detulerunt, medicos peritissimos ad sanandum ei adhibentes; feram vero inter se dividentes, nullam illi magnitudine similem antea se vidisse fatebantur.

Whom the princes of the army, placing on a litter, bore to the camp with great grief, with the lamentation of men and the wailing of women, and employing the most expert physicians to heal him; but the beast, being divided among themselves, they confessed that they had never before seen one like it in size.

CAP. V. - Tankradus, fixis juxta Tarsum civitatem tentoriis, apud cives de urbis traditione nunc minis nunc blanditiis agit. [0440C]

CHAPTER 5. - Tankradus, his tents pitched near the city of Tarsus, among the citizens concerning the city's tradition/handing-over now with threats now with blandishments negotiates. [0440C]

Duce vero sic gravi vulnere impedito, exercitu lentiore gradu subsequente, Tankradus, qui praecesserat, et regiam viam tenebat versus maritima, prior Baldewino fratre ducis, per vallem Buetrenton superatis rupibus, per portam quae dicitur Juda, ad civitatem quae dicitur Tarsus, vulgari nomine Tursolt, descendit, quam etiam Turci, primates Solymani, subjugatam cum turribus suis retinebant. Illic Armenius quidam, qui cum Tankrado aliquandiu moras fecerat, et ejus notitiam habuerat, promisit se civibus urbis, gravi Turcorum jugo depressis, suggerere, ut in manu ejusdem Tankradi urbem caute et Turcis nesciis redderent, si forte locum et [0440D] opportunitatem reperirent. Sed timidis civibus, nec consiliis Armenii fratris acquiescentibus propter Turcorum praesentiam et custodiam, Tankradus, qui praecesserat, finitimas oras praedictae urbis depraedatus est, ac contractis infinitis copiis praedarum in usum obsidionis, in circuitu murorum tentoria sua extendit.

With the leader thus hindered by a grievous wound, the army following at a slower pace, Tankradus, who had gone on ahead and kept the royal road toward the seashore, with Baldwin, the duke’s brother, foremost, descended through the valley Buetrenton past the surmounted cliffs, through the gate called Juda, to the city called Tarsus, vulgarly named Tursolt, which even the Turks, chiefs of Solyman, held subdued with their towers. There a certain Armenian, who had made delays with Tankrad for some time and was acquainted with him, promised to suggest to the citizens of the city, pressed under the heavy yoke of the Turks, that they should deliver the city into the hand of the same Tankrad cautiously and unknown to the Turks, if perchance they should find the place and [0440D] opportunity. But the timid citizens, nor consenting to the counsels of the Armenian brother because of the presence and guard of the Turks, Tankradus, who had gone before, plundered the neighboring shores of the aforesaid city, and, having gathered countless stores of booty for the use of a siege, stretched out his tents around the circuit of the walls.

Locatis ergo tentoriis. Tankradus plurimum minarum Turcis, per moenia et turres diffusis, ex adventu Boemundi, et subsequentis exercitus virtute intulit, nisi exeuntes, portas urbis aperirent, asserens, non prius subvenientem exercitum ab hujus obsidione recedere, quam ut Nicaea cum omnibus inhabitantibus caperetur superata. Si vero voluntati ejus acquiescerent, urbem aperirent, [0441A] non solum in oculis Boemundi gratiam et vitam invenirent, sed et praemia multa accipientes, eidem civitati et aliis praeesse praesidiis mererentur.

Having pitched their tents therefore. Tankred, inflicting the utmost of threats upon the Turks, his men spread along the walls and towers, from the arrival of Bohemund and the valour of the following army, declared that, unless those going forth should open the city gates, the relieving army would not withdraw from this siege until Nicaea, with all its inhabitants, had been taken and overcome. But if they would acquiesce to his will and open the city, they would not only find favour and life in the eyes of Bohemund, but, receiving many rewards, would merit to be set over that city and others with garrisons.

CAP. VI. - Cives deditionem pollicentur; viri exercitus Dei longe a se divisi, hostes adesse de alterutris suspicantur.

CHAPTER 6. - The citizens promise surrender; the men of the army of God, far apart from one another, suspect that enemies are present from either side.

His blanditiis et promissis, interdum nimis magnificis, Turci molliti, Tankrado hac conditione urbem pollicentur, ne quid periculi aut seditionis ab ulla subsequenti manu ultra eis inferatur, donec Boemundi potestati cum urbis praesidio subderentur. Quod Tankradus minime recusans, foedus in hunc modum cum illis innodari instituit, quatenus vexillum ipsius Tankradi in cacumine magistrae arcis in signum erigerent, quod Boemundo praecurrens, [0441B] hanc Tankradus vindicaverit civitatem, et sic intacta deinceps ab omni hostili impetu haberetur. Baldewinus vero frater ducis Godefridi, Petrus comes de Stadeneis, Reinardus comes de Tul civitate, vir magnae industriae, Baldewinus de Burg, juvenis praeclarus, conjuncti per amicitiam, alio itinere divisi, per dies tres ab exercitu errantes per loca deserta montium et ignota, gravi afflicti jejunio necessariorumque penuria, tandem per errorem perplexarum viarum in cujusdam montis cacumine casu constiterunt.

With these blandishments and promises, sometimes overly magnificent, the Turks softened, and Tankred, on this condition, promises the city — that no peril or sedition be brought upon them by any subsequent hand beyond them, until they should be placed under Boemund’s power together with the city’s garrison. Which Tankred, by no means refusing, undertook that a treaty should be knit with them in this manner, namely that Tankred’s banner be set up on the summit of the principal citadel as a sign, which, preceding Boemund, [0441B] Tankred would claim this city, and thus that it thenceforth be held intact against every hostile assault. Baldwin, moreover, brother of Duke Godfrey, Peter, count of Stadeneis, Reinard, count of the city of Tul, a man of great industry, Baldwin of Burg, a most renowned youth, joined by friendship but divided on another route, wandering for three days apart from the army through the desert places of the mountains and unknown regions, grievously afflicted by fasting and a lack of necessities, at last by the error of the perplexed ways chanced to halt upon the summit of a certain mountain.

De quo tentoria Tankradi speculantes, per camporum planitiem in obsidionem Tarsi locata, timuerunt timore magno, existimantes Turcorum hunc apparatum fore. Nec minus Tankradus viros in montis cacumine a longe [0441C] contemplatus expavit. Turcos adesse arbitratus, qui sociis urbi inclusis ad subveniendum properassent.

About this, the tents of Tankrad being reconnoitred, set out across the plain of the fields for the siege of Tarsus, they feared with great fear, supposing this to be a Turkish array. Nor less did Tankrad, having beheld the men on the mountain’s summit from afar [0441C], become alarmed. He judged that the Turks were present, who had hastened to relieve their allies shut up in the city.

His tandem descendentibus, vitae diffisis, fame semivivis, Tankradus ut miles acerrimus socios admonet ut eis res sit pro anima defendenda.

With these men at last descending, their lives spent, half-alive with hunger, Tankradus, as a most fierce soldier, admonishes his comrades that the matter be defended for their souls.

CAP. VII. - Obsides foedus rumpunt; Tankradus et Baldewinus mistis copiis obsidionem reparant, et de situ urbis.

CHAPTER 7. - The hostages break the treaty; Tankradus and Baldewinus, with mixed forces, renew the siege, and concerning the situation of the city.

Turci autem, qui in turribus et moenibus ad spectaculum et defensionem ad quingentos convenerant, et ipsi pariter Baldewinum ejusque comitatum acies Turcorum existimantes esse, Tankrado improperantes in hunc modum minabantur: «Ecce manus auxiliari nobis properantium: nos non in [0441D] tua, ut existimabas, sed tu tuique in manu nostra et virtute hodie conterendi estis. Quapropter te hoc in foedere, quod frustra pepigimus, jam deceptum credas. Nec aliam ob causam te morari in castris fecimus, nisi quia spes auxilii in his, quas vides, aciebus in tuam tuorumque perditionem praestolabamur.» Tankradus, juvenis imperterritus, Turcorum minas parvipendit, et brevi responso improperantibus resistit: «Si hi vestri milites aut principes habentur, in Dei nomine eos parvipendimus; adire non timemus.

The Turks, who had gathered to the spectacle and the defense on the towers and walls to the number of about five hundred, and themselves likewise reckoning Baldwin and his retinue to be the line of the Turks, reproaching Tankradus threatened him in this manner: «Behold the band hastening to our aid: we are not in [0441D] your power, as you supposed, but you and yours are in our hand and are to be crushed by our might today. Therefore believe yourself already deceived in that treaty which we concluded in vain. Nor did we make you stay in the camp for any other cause than because we were waiting for the hope of aid in those forces which you see, for the destruction of you and yours.» Tankradus, a fearless youth, scorned the threats of the Turks, and with a brief reply resisted the revilers: «If these are your soldiers or chiefs, in the name of God we scorn them; we do not fear to advance.

Qui si a nobis, Deo opitulante, victi fuerint, superbia vestra et jactantia poenas non evadet. Quod si peccato nostro adversante stare nequiverimus, nequaquam tamen manus Boemundi et sui exercitus subsequentis evadetis.» Hoc dicto, [0442A] Tankradus cum universa sua adunatione, quae secum confluxerat, insignis armis, galeis et loricis, et equis rapidissimis Baldewino in occursum properat. Turci vero tubis et cornibus horrisonis ad terrendum ipsum Tankradum a muris fortiter intonant.

Who, if they shall have been conquered by us, God assisting, your pride and vaunting will not escape punishment. But if, our sin opposing, we shall not be able to stand, yet by no means will you escape the hands of Boemund and of his following army.» This said, [0442A] Tankradus, with his entire muster which had flocked together with him, conspicuous in arms, helms and loricae, and on very swift horses, hastens to meet Baldwin. The Turks, however, with trumpets and horns of terror loudly blast from the walls to frighten Tankradus himself.

Sed utrinque Christianitatis signis recognitis, et visis amicis compatriotis, prae gaudio in lacrymas defluunt, quod sic Dei gratia a poenis et periculis nunc liberati sint. Nec mora, deinceps commistis copiis, tentoria communi consensu pariter ante urbis moenia reponunt, et ex praeda, quam contraxerant ex montanis et regione in bobus et armentis, cibos mactant, et parant, ignique apponunt: quos sine sale coctos diutina fames manducare coegit, prorsus pane illic cunctis deficiente. [0442B] Erat enim civitas ex omni parte munita, habitatoribus, rivis et pratis apta et commoda, sita in campis fertilibus: cujus moenia adeo admirantur fortissima, ut nullis vinci humanis viribus, nisi Deo annuente, credatur.

But with the signs of Christianity recognized on both sides, and with friends and compatriots seen, they burst for joy into tears, because by God’s grace they had thus been freed from punishments and dangers. Nor was there delay: next, with the forces assembled, they together by common consent set up their tents before the city’s walls, and from the plunder which they had taken from the mountains and region — in oxen and herds — they slaughtered and prepared food, and set it to the fire: which, cooked without salt, prolonged famine forced them to eat, bread having utterly failed for all there. [0442B] For the city was fortified on every side, suitable and convenient for inhabitants, streams and meadows, situated on fertile plains: its walls were wondered at as so very strong that they were thought not to be overcome by any human force, unless God should consent.

CAP. VIII. - De mutua quorumdam principum altercatione, ubi et Tarsenses Tankradum sibi praeesse desiderunt.

CHAPTER 8. - On the mutual altercation of certain princes, where also the Tarsians desire Tankrad to preside over them.

Crastina vero luce exorta, Baldewinus exsurgens suique sequaces atque ad urbis moenia tendentes, signum Tankradi, quod erat notissimum, in eminentiore turris arce, ex consensu et foedere percusso Turcorum, positum contemplantur. Unde nimia indignatione et ira accensi, in verba amara et seditiosa adversus Tankradum suosque eruperunt, [0442C] Tankradi et Boemundi jactantiam et principatum floccipendentes, luto et faeci aequiparantes. His et hujuscemodi verbis amaris fere ad arma ventum est, nisi viri pacifici et prudentes tali consilio intervenissent, ut ab ipsis civibus Armeniis ex amborum legatione cognosceretur, sub cujus dominio et ditione urbem magis subesse intenderent, cujusque parti meliori optione faverent.

At the next day's light having arisen, Baldwin rising, and his followers and those moving toward the city's walls, contemplated the standard of Tankrad, which was most well known, placed on the more prominent part of the tower-citadel, struck by the consent and covenant of the Turks. Whence, inflamed with excessive indignation and wrath, they broke out into bitter and seditious words against Tankrad and his men, [0442C] despising Tankrad's and Boemund's vaunting and principate, likening them to mud and dregs. With these and such bitter words there was nearly a coming to arms, had not peaceful and prudent men intervened with such counsel that it might be ascertained from the legation of both by the Armenians themselves under whose dominion and rule the city more inclined to be, and to which party by the better choice they would give favor.

Continuo responsum est ab omnibus, magis velle subjici et credere Tankrado quam alterius principis ditioni. Dicebant enim hoc non ex cordis devotione, sed ex Boemundi, quam semper habebant, invasionis suspicione. Nec mirum, cum longe ante hanc expeditionem in partibus Graeciae, Romaniae, Syriae, Boemundi semper fama claruit, bellum inhorruit; Godefridi vero [0442D] ducis nunc primum nomen scintillabat.

Immediately the answer from all was that they preferred rather to submit to and entrust themselves to Tankrad than to the dominion of another prince. For they said this was not from devotion of the heart, but from suspicion of an invasion by Boemund, which they had always entertained. Nor is it wonder, since long before this expedition, in the regions of Greece, Romania, and Syria, the fame of Boemund had always shone and war was dreaded; but the name of Duke Godfrey [0442D] now for the first time began to gleam.

CAP. IX. - De eadem re.

CHAPTER 9. - On the same matter.

His auditis, Baidewinns ferventiore animo adversus Tankradum in iram extollitur, et gravioribus verbis in ejus praesentia tam cives quam Turcos per verba interpretis sic allocutus est: «Boemundum et hunc Tankradum, quos sic veneramini ac formidatis, nequaquam magistros majores et potentiores Christiani exercitus credatis; nec fratri meo Godefrido, duci principique militiae totius Galliae, nullique sui generis istos esse comparandos. Princeps enim idem frater meus, dux Godefridus, regni magni et primi imperatoris Romanorum Augusti haereditario jure suorum autecessorum nobilium, ab [0443A] omni honoratur exercitu, cujus voci et consiliis ad omnia magni parvique obtemperare non desinunt, cum caput et dominus ab omnibus sit electus et constitutus. Scitote quidem vos et omnia vestra, urbem quoque ab eodem duce in ore gladii et flammis deleri et consumi; nec Boemundum, nec hunc Tankradum stare vestros propugnatores, aut defensores.

When these things were heard, Baidewin, with a more fervent spirit against Tankrad, was roused to anger, and with harsher words in his presence thus addressed both the citizens and the Turks through an interpreter: «Do not by any means think Bohemond and this Tankrad, whom you so venerate and fear, to be greater or more powerful masters of the Christian army; nor are they to be compared to my brother Godefrid, duke and principal leader of the militia of all Gaul, or to any of his kind. For indeed my same brother, Prince, Duke Godefrid, by hereditary right of his predecessors of the great kingdom and of the first emperor of the Romans Augustus, is honored by [0443A] the whole army, whose voice and counsels both great and small cease not to obey in all things, since he has been chosen and established head and lord by all. Know well you and all yours that the city also will be destroyed and consumed by the same duke by the mouth of the sword and by flames; neither Boemond nor this Tankrad will stand as your champions or defenders.»

Sed nec is Tankradus, ad quem intenditis, hodie manus nostras evadet, nisi vexillum, quod nobis in contumeliam, sibi ad gloriam erexit, a culmine turris jactetis, portasque nobis aperiri faciatis. Si vero nostrae voluntati in hujus vexilli ejectione et urbis redditione satisfeceritis, vos exaltabimus super omnes in terminis his considentes, et gloriosi in conspectu domini et fratris mei ducis, [0443B] vosque dignis muneribus honorati, semper eritis.» Hac spe bonae et blandae promissionis cives et Turci illecti, Tankrado penitus ignorante, foedus et amicitiam cum Baldewino firmaverunt, et sine mora vexillum Tankradi de culmine turris est amotum, et procul a moenibus in loco palustri viliter ejectum; Baldewini vero signum in ejusdem turris apice promotum est.

CAP. X. - De eodem, et qualiter Tankradus urbem Azaram intraverit.

CHAPTER 10. - Concerning the same, and how Tankradus entered the city Azaram.

Tankradus viso signo Baldewini promoto, suo vero remoto, licet tristis, patienter tulit. Qui seditionem oriri inter suos et Baldewini satellites ex hac vexilli mutatione percipiens, et quia pars sua numero et armis erat inferior, ultra hac in discordia [0443C] morari noluit, sed ad vicinam civitatem, nomine Azaram, munitam et locupletem, transivit: cujus portas clausas reperiens, minime introire permissus est. Obtinuit enim hanc civitatem quidam Welfo, ortus de regno Burgundiae, miles egregius, qui, ejectis et attritis Turcis, urbem possederat, aurum et argentum, pallia pretiosa, cibaria, oves, boves, vinum, oleum, frumentum et hordeum, et omnia necessaria illic reperientes.

Tankrad, seeing Baldwin’s standard raised and his own removed, though sad, bore it patiently. He, perceiving that sedition was arising among his men and Baldwin’s satellites from this change of standard, and because his party was inferior in number and arms, would not remain any longer in this discord [0443C], but crossed over to the neighboring city called Azaram, fortified and wealthy; and finding its gates closed, he was by no means permitted to enter. For this city was held by a certain Welfo, sprung from the kingdom of Burgundy, an outstanding knight, who, the Turks having been expelled and crushed, had taken possession of the city, finding there gold and silver, precious cloaks, provisions, sheep, oxen, wine, oil, grain and barley, and all things necessary.

Praecesserat enim idem Welfo cum caeteris ab exercitu sequestratis. Tankradus portas civitatis inveniens clausas, et principem Christianum urbem tenere intelligens, missis nuntiis fide data, intromitti hospitandi gratia, precatur, et alimenta justa venditione et emptione sibi [0443D] impertiri. Qui petentem exaudiens, jussit urbem aperiri, virum cum suis sociis induci, et cuncta vitae necessaria illis administrari.

For that same Welfo had gone on before, with the others withdrawn from the army. Tankradus, finding the city gates closed, and perceiving that a Christian prince held the city, after sending messengers and giving his pledge of faith, begs to be admitted for the sake of hospitality, and that reasonable provisions, by sale and purchase, be supplied to him [0443D]. He who, hearing the petitioner, ordered the city to be opened, that the man with his companions be led in, and that all necessities of life be administered to them.

CAP. XI. - Ubi Baldewinus, princeps civitatis factus, Christianos partis Tankradi intromittere non vult.

CHAPTER 11. - Where Baldwin, having been made prince of the city, does not wish to admit the Christians of Tankrad's party.

Post hujus Tankradi abscessum, Baldewinus iterato Turcos admonet, instat et promittit honores et praemia a duce consequi ingentia, et non solum illi, sed caeteris civitatibus praeferri, si urbem aperiant, si se suosque datis dextris in fidei obligatione intromittant. Turci autem et Armenii videntes Tankradi fugam et absentiam, Baldewini vero praevalere potentiam, utrinque fide data et firmata, portas urbis aperiunt, Baldewinum suosque intromittunt; sed in omnibus munitionibus turritis mansionem [0444A] retinere decreverunt, donec dux Godefridus et subsequens exercitus propinquaret, et tunc dono et gratia ipsius ducis de eadem civitate et caeteris rebus juxta promissum Baldewini cum eis ageretur, sive in promissione Christiana, sive in ritu gentilium persistere delegissent. Duas tantum turres magistras Baldewino contulerunt, in quibus securus et fiducialiter manere et quiescere posset: caetera multitudo exercitus per domos et loca civitatis passim diffusa est.

After the departure of that Tankred, Baldwin again admonished the Turks, urged them and promised that great honors and rewards would be obtained from the leader, and that not only he but the other citizens would be preferred if they opened the city, if they should admit him and his men with right hands given in the obligation of faith. The Turks and Armenians, seeing Tankred’s flight and absence, and Baldwin’s prevailing power, with faith given and sealed on both sides, opened the city gates and admitted Baldwin and his people; but they decreed to retain a lodging [0444A] in all the fortified towers until Duke Godfrey and the following army should draw near, and then by the gift and favor of that duke matters concerning the same city and other things would be dealt with them according to Baldwin’s promise, whether they had decided to persist in a Christian promise or in the rite of the gentiles. They assigned Baldwin only two principal towers, in which he could remain and rest securely and with confidence: the remainder of the multitude of the army was dispersed through the houses and places of the city everywhere.

His itaque cum principe suo Baldewino intromissis, et hospitii quiete recreatis, proxima dehinc die jam vespere instante, trecenti ab exercitu peregrinorum sequestrati, ac vestigia Tankradi secuti, de familia et populo Boemundi, ante urbis moenia in armis et clypeis astiterunt, quibus [0444B] ex jussu Baldewini et consilio majorum urbs et janua interdicta est. Hi vero longo fessi itinere, et rebus necessariis vacui et exhausti, multum precantur urbis hospitalitatem et rerum necessariarum venalitatem: precati sunt etiam plebeii ordinis de comitatu Baldewini, eo quod confrates et Christianae essent professionis. Sed nequaquam preces eorum a Baldewino exauditae sunt, hac de causa scilicet, quod in auxilium Tankrado descendissent et propter fidei firmationem, quam cum Turcis et Armeniis fecerat, nullum praeter suos ante ducis Godefridi adventum in urbem recipi aut intromitti.

Having therefore been admitted with their prince Baldewin, and refreshed by the quiet of hospitality, on the next day with evening now imminent, three hundred separated from the army of pilgrims, and having followed the footsteps of Tankred, from the household and people of Boemund stood before the city walls in arms and with shields, to whom [0444B] by the command of Baldewin and the counsel of the elders the city and its gate were interdicted. These, however, weary from a long journey, and bereft and exhausted of necessary things, begged much for the city’s hospitality and for the sale of necessary goods: they also entreated the plebeian members of Baldewin’s comitatus, because they were confratres and of the Christian profession. But in no wise were their prayers heard by Baldewin, for this reason namely, that they had gone down to the aid of Tankred, and because of the confirmation of faith which he had made with the Turks and the Armenians, none but his own were to be received or admitted into the city before the arrival of Duke Godefridus.

CAP. XII. - Christiani extra portam civitatis manentes, noctu a gentilibus exstincti sunt.

CHAPTER 12. - Christians remaining outside the gate of the city were slain at night by the gentiles.

[0444C] Confratres autem et peregrini societatis Baldewini, videntes sic exclusos nullo modo posse impetrare intromissionem, miserti sunt eorum, quia fame videbant eos periclitari: quibus in portis panes et per funes pecora ad vescendum porrigere decreverunt. Illis ergo ita refocillatis, et noctis in silentio prae itineris lassitudine gravi sopore occupatis, Turci, qui erant in praesidiis turrium sub fidei tutamine, prorsus desperati, nec Baldewino suisque conchristianis perfecte se credentes, occulto habito inter se consilio, trecenti, thesauris omnibus suis secum et caeteris rebus avectis, per vada cujusdam fluminis, eis non incognita, quod media urbe praefluebat, Baldewino et universis suis [0444D] somno deditis clam egressi sunt, ducentis solummodo ex sua humili clientela et familia in praesidiis relictis, ne fugae eorum suspicio aliqua apud Christianos oriretur. Egressi autem in viros Christianos, qui per prata ante urbem membra fessa sopori dederant, subito irruunt, alios decollantes, alios trucidantes, alios sagittis transfigentes, neminem aut paucos de omnibus vitae relinquentes.

[0444C] The brethren and pilgrims of Baldwin's society, seeing that thus excluded they could in no way obtain admission, took pity on them, because they saw them perishing from famine: at the gates they resolved to hand them bread and to let them feed cattle by ropes. Those thus refreshed, and overtaken in the silence of the night by a deep sleep from the fatigue of their journey, the Turks, who were in the garrisons of the towers under the protection of the faith, utterly desperate, and not fully trusting themselves to Baldwin and his fellow-Christians, having held a secret counsel among themselves, three hundred, with all their treasures and other goods carried with them, by the fords of a certain river, not unknown to them, which flowed through the middle of the city, secretly departed from Baldwin and all his [0444D] men given to sleep, leaving only two hundred of their humble retinue and household in the garrisons, lest any suspicion of their flight arise among the Christians. Coming upon the Christian men who had laid down their weary limbs to sleep on the meadows before the city, they suddenly burst in, beheading some, slaughtering others, transfixing others with arrows, leaving none or but few of all alive.

CAP. XIII. - Hujus necis populus Dei Baldewinum insimulans, ad arma ruit, cui satisfaciens, contra reliquos Dei inimicos vehementer insurgit.

CHAPTER 13. - The people of God, charging Baldwin with this death, rushed to arms; to satisfy (to avenge) him they rose vehemently against the remaining enemies of God.

Mane dehinc facto, Christiani, qui intra urbem erant, somno exsurgentes, et ad moenia tendentes scire et videre, si adhuc moram in pratis Christiani fratres haberent, viderunt universos armis Turcerum [0445A] detruncatos, et sanguine illorum prata foedata nimium redundare. Sicque Turcorum perfidia et iniquitas propalata est. Nec mora, per universam civitatem tumultus in populo catholico exoritur, arma ab omnibus capiuntur, et in ultionem sanguinis confratrum, in fraude mortificatorum, turres infringere, et Turcos illic inventos exstinguere festinant, tubis et ingenti clamore non modicam seditionem concitantes.

Early in the morning thereafter, the Christians who were inside the city, rising from sleep and going toward the walls to learn and see whether their Christian brethren still remained in the meadows, saw all cut down by the arms of the Turks [0445A], and the meadows too much overflowing with their blood. Thus the perfidy and iniquity of the Turks was revealed. Nor was there delay: throughout the whole city an uproar arose among the Catholic people, arms were taken up by all, and in vengeance for the blood of their confratres, in retribution for the slain, they hastened to break down towers and to extinguish the Turks found there, blowing trumpets and with great shouting raising no small sedition.

Tam vehementi strepitu populique tumultuoso concursu Baldewinus attonitus, a turris praesidio per mediam urbem equo advolans, turmas armatas a bello cessare, et in sua commonebat redire hospitia, ne tam subito foedus mutuo datum corrumperetur, donec caedes Christianorum illi plenius notificarentur. Sed magis ac magis tumultu ingruente, [0445B] et populo necem Christianorum aegre ferente, et Baldewinum hujus occisionis, tanquam mortiferi consilii, reum acclamante, talis ac tantus in eum fit concursus sagittarumque emissio, ut turrim, refugii causa et vitae suae necessitate compulsus, subire cogeretur. Qui illico ad se reversus, animi sui ferocitate deposita, populo satisfaciendo excusat se de omnibus et crudelitatis Turcorum se nescium asserit; nec populum Dei vivi aliam ob causam exclusisse, nisi quia jurejurando Turcis et Armeniis promiserat neminem praeter suos ante ducis adventum urbi intromitti.

Struck by so violent a din and the tumultuous rush of the people, Baldewinus, astonished, riding swiftly from the tower’s garrison through the middle of the city, called the armed troops to cease from fighting and to return to their quarters with him, lest the mutual pact so suddenly given be broken, until the slaughter of the Christians should be more fully reported to him. But with the tumult pressing more and more, [0445B] and the people grieving sorely the murder of the Christians, and crying out that Baldewinus was guilty of this killing as if of a murderous plot, such and so great an onslaught and discharge of arrows was made upon him that, compelled for refuge and by necessity of his life to seek the tower, he was forced to go into it. He who immediately, having returned to himself and laying aside the fierceness of his spirit, by satisfying the people excused himself for all things and asserted that he was ignorant of the cruelty of the Turks; nor had he excluded any living person of God for any other reason than that by oath he had promised the Turks and Armenians that no one except his own men should be admitted into the city before the leader’s arrival.

Sic Baldewinus excusatus, populoque suo reconciliatus, Turcos in singulis turribus, qui de humili familia et clientela remanserant, [0445C] assilit et expugnat; expugnant et sui, dum in ultionem suorum ferme ducenti decollati sunt. Accusabant enim eosdem Turcos plurimae illustres feminae civitatis, ostendentes eis aures et nares quas sibi detruncaverant, eo quod stupri sui eas consentaneas invenire nequiverunt. Hac infamia et horrenda accusatione magis populus Jesu Christi in odium Turcorum exarserat, eorumque stragem eo amplius multiplicabat.

Thus Baldwin, having been excused and reconciled to his people, leapt upon and stormed the Turks in each tower who had remained from the humble household and clientela, [0445C] and his men also stormed; and meanwhile, in vengeance for their own, almost two hundred were beheaded. For many distinguished women of the city accused those same Turks, showing their ears and noses which they had cut off, because they could not find them fit for their rape. By this infamy and horrendous accusation the people of Jesus Christ burned the more into hatred of the Turks, and multiplied their slaughter all the more.

CAP. XIV. - Ubi viri Baldewini cum piratis Christianis foedus ineunt, et Tarsum simul petunt.

CHAPTER 14. - Where Baldwin's men enter into a league with Christian pirates, and at the same time make for Tarsus.

Post haec diebus paucis elapsis, viri Baldewini per moenia diffusi, a longe navium diversi generis et operis multitudinem in medio maris trans tria milliaria ab urbe contemplantur, quarum mali mirae [0445D] magnitudinis et altitudinis auro purissimo operti, in radiis solis refulgebant; et viros ab iisdem navibus in littus maris descendentes, et plurima spolia, quae longo tempore seu annis ferme octo contraxerant, inter se dividentes. His visis, hostiles vires accitas ab his qui noctu, caede Christianorum facta, effugerant, existimabant. Unde ad arma contendentes, equo alii, pede alii usque ad ipsum littus concurrunt, cur advenerint vel ex qua natione processerint intrepido ore perquirentes.

After these things, a few days having passed, the men of Baldwin, spread about along the walls, from afar beheld in the midst of the sea, three miles from the city, a multitude of ships of diverse kind and workmanship; the hulls of which, of wondrous magnitude and height, covered with the purest gold, glittered in the rays of the sun; and men descending from those same ships to the sea‑shore, and dividing among themselves very many spoils, which they had acquired over a long time, or for about eight years. Seeing these things, they supposed hostile forces had been summoned by those who at night, after the slaughter of the Christians, had fled. Whereupon, hastening to arms, some on horseback, others on foot, they ran together to the very shore, inquiring with bold voice why they had come or from what nation they had advanced.

Illi se Christianae professionis milites esse respondent: e Flandria et ab Antverpia et Frisia caeterisque Galliae partibus se venisse fatentes, et piratas annis octo usque ad hanc diem se fuisse. Requirebant etiam qui advecti fuerant, qua de causa ipsi a Romanis et Teutonicis [0446A] partibus descendissent, et in longinquum exsilium inter tot barbaras nationes advenissent. Qui causa peregrinationis, et ad adorandum in Jerusalem, venisse se testati sunt.

They answered that they were soldiers of the Christian profession: confessing that they had come from Flandria (Flanders) and from Antverpia (Antwerp) and Frisia and other parts of Gaul, and that they had been pirates for eight years up to this day. They also questioned those who had been brought in, by what reason they had disembarked from the Roman and Teutonic regions, and had come into long exile among so many barbarous nations. They testified that the cause of their peregrination was to come and worship in Jerusalem.

Et sic utrinque lingua et sermone suo recognito, foedus dextris datis inierunt pariter cundi Jerusalem. Erat in hoc navali collegio quidam Winemarus nomine, caput et magister universorum consodalium, de terra Bulonae et de domo comitis Eustachii, magnifici principis ejusdem terrae. Jam hinc et hinc fide ad invicem firmati, cum spoliis et universis sarcinis, relictis navibus, cum Baldewino urbem Tarsum subierunt, per aliquot dies in omnibus bonis terrae ibidem jucundati et epulati.

And thus, each having recognized the other by tongue and speech, they entered into a pact with hands joined, equally welcoming to Jerusalem. There was in this naval company a certain Winemarus by name, head and master of all the consodalium, from the land of Boulogne and of the house of Count Eustachius, a magnificent prince of that same land. Now, bound to one another by mutual faith on both sides, with spoils and all their packs, their ships left behind, they with Baldwin proceeded to the city of Tarsus, and for several days there enjoyed and feasted on all the goods of the land.

Dehinc habito inter se consilio, in custodiam et defensionem urbis trecenti ex navali exercitu sunt [0446B] electi, sicut et ex legione Baldewini ducenti attitulati. His ordinatis et constitutis, profecti sunt a Tarso Baldewinus et sui, conjunctis armis et viribus in tubis et cornibus et potentia magna regia via gradientes.

Then, after a council held among themselves, three hundred from the naval army were chosen for the custody and defense of the city [0446B], just as from Baldwin’s legion two hundred were appointed. These things having been ordered and established, Baldwin and his men set out from Tarsus, their arms and forces joined, advancing along the royal road with trumpets and horns and great royal might.

CAP. XV. - Tankradus Mamistram civitatem armis capit, et de instinctu cujusdam Richardi castra Baldewini hostiliter invadit.

CHAPTER 15. - Tankradus seizes the city of Mamistra by arms, and, at the instigation of a certain Richard, hostilely attacks Baldwin's camp.

Interea Tankradus ab Azara civitate et Welfone civitatis principe migrans, Mamistram civitatem, a Turcis possessam et munitam, descendit. Quam resistentem et contradicentem sibi fortiter cum loricata manu assilit; humi in brevi muros illius dejecit, portas et vectes ferreos diruit; Turcorum superbiam, quae in hac dominabatur, crudeli strage [0446C] attrivit. Tali modo ejectis hostibus, Tankradus turres suorum custodia munivit, alimoniam, vestes, aurum et argentum grande in ea reperiens, Christianis consodalibus divisit, ibidem per aliquot dies remoratus.

Meanwhile Tankradus, having departed from the city of Azara and from Welfo, prince of the city, descended upon the city of Mamistra, held and fortified by the Turks. When it resisted and opposed him stoutly he leapt at it with an armored hand; in short order he threw down its walls to the ground, tore away its gates and iron bars; he crushed the Turks’ pride, which ruled there, with a cruel slaughter [0446C]. Thus the enemies ejected, Tankradus manned the towers with the guard of his own, and finding great provision, garments, gold and silver therein, distributed them to his fellow Christians and remained there for several days.

Dumque illic secure moram faceret, et de urbis custodia sollicite ageret, Baldewinus, frater ducis, cum armis et sociis regia via incedens, in terminos ejusdem civitatis descendit, et in viridario quodam spatioso arboribus consito, quod erat juxta urbem, tentoria ipse suique fautores et comprimores in ordine locaverunt. Haec quidam Richardus, princeps Salerni civitatis Italiae, de genere Northmannorum, proximus Tankradi, intuens, moleste accepit; et verbis amarissimis super hoc Tankradum compellat, dicens: «Ah! Tankrade, hodie [0446D] vilissimus omnium factus es. Baldewinum praesentem aspicis, cujus injustitia et invidia Tarsum amisisti. Ah! si nunc aliquid virtutis in te haberes, jam tuos commoveres, et tibi illatam injuriam in caput ejus rependeres.» His auditis, Tankradus infremuit spiritu; et illico arma et milites requirens, sagittarios suos in virtute magna praemisit ad lacessendos hostes in tentoriis, et ut laederent equos, per pascua et prata vagantes.

While there making a secure stay, and anxiously attending to the city’s custody, Baldewinus, the duke’s brother, marching with arms and companions along the royal road, descended into the territories of that same city, and in a certain spacious orchard planted with trees, which was next to the city, he and his adherents and comrades set up their tents in order. A certain Richard, prince of the city of Salerno in Italy, of the stock of the Northmen, near of kin to Tankradus, seeing these things, took it ill; and with very bitter words he reproached Tankradus about this, saying: «Ah! Tankrade, today [0446D] you have become the vilest of all. You see Baldewin present, by whose injustice and envy you have lost Tarsus. Ah! if now you had any virtue in you, you would already rouse your men, and repay to his head the injury brought upon you.» Hearing these things, Tankradus snorted with spirit; and immediately, seeking arms and soldiers, he sent forward his archers in great force to harass the enemies in their tents, and to wound their horses, roaming through the pastures and meadows.

Ipse quoque cum quingentis loricatis equitibus repente in ejusdem Baldowini castra et satellites ruit, ut in omnibus injuriis quas sibi intulerat, dignam sumeret ultionem.

He himself likewise, with five hundred loricate horsemen, suddenly burst into the camp and satellites of that same Baldwin, so that he might take a worthy vengeance for all the injuries which he had inflicted upon him.

CAP. XVI. - Baldewinus et Tankradus bellum conserunt, in quo Tankradus inferior inventus est.

CHAPTER 16. - Baldewinus and Tankradus wage war, in which Tankradus was found inferior.

Baldewinus sine mora, Baldewinus quoque de [0447A] Burg, aequivocus eus, et Giselbertas de Claromonte, omnisque illius comitatus, agnito tam repentino assultu et impetu Tankradi, ferro induuntur, signa erigunt, sociisque virili voce admonitis, obviam Tankrado in multa vociferatione turbarum et cornuum raptim exhibentur, utrinque praelia graviter committentes et gravi vulnere corruentes. Sed manus Tankradi, dispar numero et viribus, terga vertit, belli pondus sustinere non valens, ac in urbis praesidium vix trans arctum pontem aquae cum ipso Tankrado fugam faciens, a belli turbine elapsa est. In hujus pontis angustia Richardus princeps Salerni, proximus Tankradi, et Robertus de Ansa civitate, milites acerrimi, nimirum retardati, capti ac retenti sunt; plurimi equites et pedites de societate Tankradi, [0447B] alii exstincti, alii vulnerati, perierunt.

Baldewinus without delay, Baldwin also of [0447A] Burg, the equivocal eus, and Giselbert of Claromont, and all of that county, having perceived so sudden an assault and onslaught of Tankrad, put on iron, raise their standards, and with their comrades warned in a manly voice, to meet Tankrad are hurriedly brought forth amid much shouting of the throngs and the horns, both sides grievously engaging and falling with severe wounds. But Tankrad’s band, unequal in number and strength, turned their backs, not able to bear the weight of war, and scarce crossing the narrow water-bridge made flight with Tankrad himself, slipped away from the whirlwind of battle into the city’s defense. In the narrowness of this bridge Richard, prince of Salerno, next to Tankrad, and Robert of Ansa of the city, most fierce soldiers, namely delayed, were captured and detained; very many knights and footsoldiers of Tankrad’s company, [0447B] some slain, others wounded, perished.

Solus Giselbertus de Claromonte nimium insecutus, et in mediis hostibus involutus, in ipsius pontis angustia captus et abductus est: quem Baldewinus et sui peremptum existimantes planctu magno lamentabantur.

Only Giselbertus de Claromonte, having pressed on too far and entangled amid the enemies, was seized and carried off in the narrowness of that very bridge: whom Baldewinus and his men, thinking him slain, bewailed with great lamentation.

CAP. XVII. - Tankradus et Baldewinus pacem inter se reformant.

CHAPTER 17. - Tankradus and Baldewinus restore peace between themselves.

Crastina vero die orta, utrinque de absentia captivorum virorum nobilium dolentes, ac recordati quia ambo deliquissent, tam sacrae viae Jerusalem devotione violata, ex consilio majorum suae legionis pacem firmam composnerunt, captos pro captivis sibi invicem restituentes. Hac pace composita, et universis spoliis cum captivis restitutis, Baldewinus [0447C] cum suis septingentis equitibus divisis concilio cujusdam Armenii militis, Pancratii nomine, terram Armeniae ingressus, praesidium mirifici operis et roboris, nomine Turbaysel, obsedit. Quod Armenii cives, viri Christianae professionis, videntes, consilio clam cum ipso principe Baldwino habito, Turcis expulsis, qui arci praeerant, in manus ejus tradiderunt, volentes magis sub Christiano duce servire quam sub gentili ditione.

On the next day, both sides grieving over the absence of noble captive men, and mindful that both had sinned, having violated the devotion of the sacred way to Jerusalem, and by the counsel of the elders of their legion, they composed a firm peace between themselves, restoring the captives to one another in exchange for prisoners. With this peace made, and all spoils returned with the captives, Baldewinus [0447C], with his seven hundred horsemen divided, having taken counsel with a certain Armenian soldier named Pancratius, entered the land of Armenia and besieged a garrison of wondrous workmanship and strength called Turbaysel. The Armenian citizens, men of Christian profession, seeing this, secretly, after a council held with Prince Baldwin himself, expelled the Turks who commanded the fortress and delivered it into his hands, preferring to serve under a Christian duke rather than under a pagan dominion.

Hac itaque civitate cum arce praesidii subjugata, et viris suis in hac repositis, Ravenel praesidium humanis viribus inexpugnabile, similiter obsedit et apprehendit. De quo Turci, captione Turbaysel exterriti, fugisse et abisse referuntur. Apprehendit et multas civitates cum castellis quae in circuitu erant, exterritas a facie [0447D] exercitus Antiochiam tendentis: quas itidem Turci diu subjugatas custodientes, nunc formidine concussi fugitivi noctu relinquebant.

With the citadel thus subdued and his men left there, Ravenel likewise besieged and took the garrison—Ravenel’s stronghold impregnable by human force. Of this the Turks, terrified by the capture of Turbaysel, are reported to have fled and departed. He also seized many towns with their castles in the surrounding area, terrified at the presence of the army marching on Antioch [0447D]: those same towns, which the Turks had long held subdued, they now, struck with fear, abandoned at night as fugitives.

Ravenel itaque apprehensum Pancratio Armenio praedicto commisit, viro instabili et magnae perfidiae, quem a vinculis imperatoris Graecorum elapsum Nicaeae retinuit, eo quod audisset eum virum bellicosum esse et multiformis ingenii, et quia omnis Armenia et Syria et Graecia illi notae haberentur. Pancratius, ut erat perfidus et astutus, Turcis apprime notissimus, aestimans robore commissi sibi praesidii hujus Ravenel terram se posse obtinere, nullum de comitatu Baldewini intromittens, filium suum adolescentem illustrem in eo constituit: et tamen hoc fraude fieri, cum Baldewino ambulans et manens, dissimulabat.

Ravenel therefore delivered the captured Pancratius, the aforesaid Armenian, to custody — a man unstable and of great perfidy, whom, having slipped from the bonds of the emperor of the Greeks, he had detained at Nicaea, because he had heard that he was a warlike man and of many-witted cunning, and because all Armenia and Syria and Greece were said to be known to him. Pancratius, as he was treacherous and crafty, and exceedingly well known to the Turks, thinking by the strength of the garrison of Ravenel committed to him that he could hold the land for himself, admitting none of Baldwin’s retinue, set his illustrious young son in command there; and yet he feigned that this was done by deceit, while walking and remaining with Baldwin.

CAP. XVIII. - De prospero eventu Baldewini in expugnandis munitionibus, et de perfidia cujusdam Armenii.

CHAPTER 18. - On the prosperous outcome of Baldwin in the taking of fortifications, and on the perfidy of a certain Armenian.

Jam invitus idem Armenius commissum sibi praesidium reddit. [0448A]

Now unwilling, the same Armenian returns the garrison entrusted to him. [0448A]

Tandem quidam principes qui, audita Baldewini industria et nobilitate, foedus cum eo pepigerant, viri Armenii, quorum alter Fer, praepositus Turbaysel, alter Nicusus nomine dictus est, cujus castra et praesidia spatiosa Turbaysel adjacebant, intellecta perfidia Pancratii, quam cum Turcis moliebatur, scientes eum virum noxium et facilem, Baldewino retulerunt, asserentes si tali viro et tam facinoroso, imperatoris perjuro, longius praesidium Ravenel crederet, in brevi terram quam subdiderat posse amittere. Baldewinus hoc audito [0448B] ab his viris credulis et fidelibus, saepius versu ias illius ipse expertus, praesidium illi commissum requisivit: quod Pancratius obstinato animo in manu vel custodia Gallorum reddere recusavit. Postremo Baldewinus post plurimam requisitionem praesidii indignatus, quadam die sibi assistentem et contradicentem teneri jussit, vinculis astringi, tormentis affligi, quousque praesidium coactus redderet.

At last certain chiefs of the Armenians who, having heard of Baldwin’s enterprise and nobility, had pledged a pact with him — two men, one called Fer, provost of Turbaysel, the other named Nicusus, whose camp and spacious garrisons adjoined Turbaysel — when they learned of the perfidy of Pancratius, which he was plotting with the Turks, and knowing him to be a harmful and treacherous man, reported it to Baldwin, asserting that if the commander entrusted a garrison farther afield at Ravenel to such a man and so criminal and perjured a subject, he would soon lose the territory he had imposed; Baldwin, having heard this [0448B] from these credulous and faithful men, and having himself often tested that man by the same verses, demanded the garrison committed to him: which Pancratius, of stubborn mind, refused to deliver into the hand or custody of the Franks. Finally, Baldwin, indignant after many demands for the garrison, ordered him one day who assisted and contradicted him to be seized, bound with shackles, and afflicted with torments until, coerced, he surrendered the garrison.

Sed nec sic adhuc reddere ullius tormenti labore aut vitae necessitate compulsus est. Baldewinus taedio tormentorum illius victus, ad ultimum jussit ut vivus membratim discerperetur, nisi praesidii de redditione sibi satisfaceret. Qui hanc atrocem membrorum et nervorum discerptionem metuens, in manu Fer litteras direxit filio, ut praesidium festinato pro vitae suae et membrorum suorum liberatione [0448C] Baldewino redderet.

But not even thus was he yet compelled to surrender by the labor of any torture or by necessity of life. Baldwin, overcome by weariness of those torments, at last ordered that he be torn limb from limb alive, unless he should satisfy him concerning the surrender of the garrison. Who, fearing this atrocious ripping of limbs and sinews, directed in Fer’s hand letters to his son, that the garrison be hastily delivered to Baldwin for the liberation of his life and of his limbs.

Quod actum est; et Pancratius a vinculis absolutus, et deinde a collegio Baldewini dissociatus. Baldewinus ergo susceptum praesidium custodiae ac fidei suorum contulit Gallorum, et Turbaysel, quod dicitur Bersabee, discessit, terram et regionem undique expugnans suaeque potestati subjiciens.

Which was done; and Pancratius was loosed from his bonds, and then separated from Baldwin's collegium. Baldwin therefore committed the garrison he had taken up to the custody and fidelity of his men, and Turbaysel, which is called Bersabee, departed, storming the land and region on every side and bringing them under his power.

CAP. XIX. - Dux civitatis Rohas Baldewinum in auxilium vocat; Baldewinus vocatus, ire perrexit; a Turcis vetitus iterato reproperat.

CHAPTER 19. - The duke of the city Rohas calls Baldewinus to aid; Baldewinus, having been summoned, set out to go; forbidden by the Turks, he hastened back again.

Post haec diebus aliquot evolutis, et fama Baldewini longe lateque crebescente, et bellorum suorum virtute super omnes hostes suos divulgata, dux civitatis Rohas, quae dicitur Edessa, sita in [0448D] regione Mesopotamiae, episcopum ejusdem urbis cum duodecim majoribus civitatis, quorum consilio omnis status regionis fiebat, ad ipsum Baldewinum misit, quatenus cum Gallis militibus ad urbem descenderet, terram adversus Turcorum infestationes defenderet, et cum duce communi potentia et dominio universos reditus et tributa obtineret. Qui tandem consilio accepto acquievit, et descendit solum cum quingentis equitibus; caetera multitudine dimissa ac relicta Turbaysel ac Ravenel, et multis in locis quae, Turcis expulsis, nunc suae suberant potestati. Dum autem via maturata usque ad Euphratem fluvium magnum transfretare paravissent, Pancratii consilio et instinctu, quem solverat avinculis, Turci et caeteri hostiles copiae eductae, [0449A] et undique conglobatae, ad viginti millia adfuerunt obviam transire volentibus.

After these things, some days having passed, and the fame of Baldwin growing far and wide, and by the prowess of his wars made known above all his enemies, the leader of the city Rohas, which is called Edessa, situated in the [0448D] region of Mesopotamia, sent the bishop of that same city with twelve chief men of the city, by whose counsel the whole state of the region was governed, to Baldwin himself, so that he might descend with Gallic soldiers to the city, defend the land against Turkish incursions, and together with the common leader by power and lordship hold all revenues and tributes. He at length, the counsel accepted, consented, and descended alone with five hundred horsemen; the rest of the multitude being dismissed and left to Turbaysel and Ravenel, and to many places which, the Turks being driven out, now lay under his power. But when they had hastened by the road even to cross the great river Euphrates, by the counsel and prompting of Pancratius, whom he had loosed from his bonds, the Turks and other hostile forces, brought forth and gathered together on every side, to the number of about twenty thousand were present to meet those who wished to cross.

Sed vim et equitatum eorum comperiens, et minime nunc tot millia sufferre valens et debellare, via, qua venerat, Turbaysel reversus est. Dehinc Turcis dispersis, ac in sua tutamina reversis, Baldewinus iterato ducentis equitibus assumptis, Rohas profectus est conductu virorum fidelium, sine impedimento et hostili incursu itinere suo peracto, et Euphrate flumine cum omni prosperitate enavigato.

But perceiving their force and their cavalry, and being in no wise able now to endure and to vanquish so many thousands, he returned to Turbaysel by the road by which he had come. Then, the Turks having been scattered and returned to their defences, Baldewinus, having again taken on two hundred horsemen, set out for Rohas with a levy of faithful men, his march accomplished without hindrance or hostile incursion, and having crossed the river Euphrates with every prosperity.

CAP. XX. - Baldewinus qualiter in urbe Rohas exceptus sit, et quam magnanime ducis illius dona respuerit: et petitio seniorum.

CHAPTER 20. - How Baldewinus was received in the city Rohas, and how magnanimously he spurned the gifts of that duke: and the petition of the elders.

Hujus tam egregii et nominatissimi principis adventus fama, ut aures senatorum urbis penetrarat, [0449B] gaudium et jucunditas facta est in universis qui audierant, ac in tubis et omni genere musicorum tam majores quam minores in occursum ejus convenerunt omni honore et gaudio, sicut tantum decebat virum, urbi introducentes. Inducto tam honorifice viro, et gloriose portis civitatis et hospitio cum suis constituto, dux, qui cum consilio duodecim senatorum ad resistendum adversariis civitatis eum acciverat, indignatus super laudibus et honoribus, quos illi populus et senatus exhibuerat, sub arcano cordis sui graviter coepit ei invidere; sed et eum penitus civitati et regioni praeesse interdixit, nec parem sibi ad aliquos fore reditus vel tributa. Dicebat enim, illi plurimum auri, argenti, ostri, mulorum et equorum armorumque copiam se [0449C] daturum, si sibi et civibus ac regioni contra Turcorum insidias et assultus propugnator et auxiliator in locis sibi constitutis esse non negaret.

On the news of the arrival of this so outstanding and most renowned prince, which had penetrated the ears of the city’s senators, [0449B] joy and delight were made among all who had heard, and with trumpets and every sort of musicians, both greater and lesser, they gathered to meet him with every honor and joy, introducing him into the city as was fitting for such a man. The man having been led in so honorably, and the gates of the city and hospitality for him having been gloriously arranged, the duke, who with the counsel of twelve senators had summoned him to resist the city’s adversaries, enraged at the praises and honors which the people and senate had shown him, began grievously to envy him in the secret of his heart; and he forbade that he should wholly preside over the city and region, nor that there should be returns or tributes equal to him. For he said that he would give him very much gold, silver, purple (ostrum), a multitude of mules and horses and of arms, if he would not refuse to be a defender and helper to him and to the citizens and region against the Turks’ ambuscades and assaults in the places assigned to him. [0449C]

Qui omnino ducis haec munera sub tam vili conventione suscipienda refutavit, rogans ut tantum conductus sui fiducia sine periculo et iniquo machinamento ad ducem Godefridum et confratrem suum sanus et incolumis redire possit. Hoc duodecim proceres senatores et primi civitatis caeteraque multitudo audientes, quia non auro vel argento vel ullis pretiosis muneribus possit retineri, ducem adierunt, omnibus modis et precibus instantes ut virum tam nobilem et propugnatorem fortissimum recedere non pateretur, nec a se alienaret; sed de regno et civitate socium sibi faceret, cujus protectione et [0449D] militari ope civitas et terra semper posset defendi, et nequaquam de promisso virum molestaret.

Who altogether refused to accept these gifts of the duke under so base a bargain, asking that only on the trust of his engagement he might, without danger or unjust contrivance, return to duke Godefrid and his confrater sound and unharmed. Hearing this, the twelve leading nobles, the senators and foremost men of the city and the rest of the multitude, since he could not be retained by gold or silver or any precious gifts, went to the duke, urging by every means and entreaty that he should not suffer so noble a man and so mighty a defender to depart, nor alienate him from themselves; but that he should make him an associate for the kingdom and the city, by whose protection and [0449D] military aid the city and land might always be defended, and in no wise trouble the man about his promise.

CAP. XXI. - A duce urbis Rohas Baldewinus in filium adoptatus, petitione ipsius Samusart civitatem impugnat; sed infecto nogotio reversus est inanis.

CHAPTER 21. - Baldwin, adopted as son by Rohas the duke of the city, at the petition of Samusart himself attacks the city; but with the business unaccomplished he returned empty-handed.

Dux quidem duodecim praefectorum et omnium concivium constantiam et benevolentiam erga Baldewinum videns, eorum nolens petitioni satisfecit, ac Baldewinum sibi filium adoptivum fecit, sicut mos regionis illius et gentis habetur, nudo pectori suo illum astringens, et sub proximo carnis suae indumento semel hunc investiens, fide utrinque data et accepta. Sic utrisque firmatis paternitate et filiatione, dux Baldewinum die quadam loco filii [0450A] admonuit, ut omni militia et solidorum conventione convocatis suis, pariterque civibus Rohas assumptis, ad munitionem Samusart, quae erat juxta Euphratem, proficiscens, expugnaret Balduc, principem Turcorum, qui eamdem arcem ad Rohas pertinentem invaserat injuste, et obtinebat. Intulerat enim idem Balduc civibus intolerabile malum: nam filios majorum civitatis non paucos obsides sibi dari minis extorserat, propter annuos reditus et tributa byzantiorum, quae illi ad redimendas vineas et sata dare convenerant.

The duke, indeed, seeing the constancy and goodwill of the twelve prefects and of all his fellow-citizens toward Baldwin, and not wishing to deny their petition, granted it, and made Baldwin his adoptive son, as the custom of that region and people holds, binding him to his bare breast, and once investing him beneath the nearest covering of his flesh, faith on both sides given and accepted. Thus, both confirmed in paternity and filiation, the duke one day admonished Baldwin in the place of a son [0450A], that, with all the militia and an assembly of soldiery summoned, and likewise with the citizens of Rohas taken up, setting out to the fortification Samusart, which was beside the Euphrates, he should seize Balduc, prince of the Turks, who had unjustly invaded and was holding that same citadel belonging to Rohas. For that same Balduc had brought intolerable evil on the citizens: for he had extorted by threats that not a few sons of the city’s elders be given as hostages to him, on account of annual revenues and the Byzantine tributes, which they had agreed to give to redeem vineyards and sowings.

Baldewinus primam petitionem hanc ducis et majorum civitatis non refutans, assumptis ducentis sociis et omni civitatis pedestri et equestri comitatu, castrum Samusart est aggressus, multam vim in virtute suorum hostibus inferens. Sed [0450B] Balduc et suis occurentibus in grandine sagittarum et tubarum stridore graviter repressi sunt. Nam illic infinita manus civium Armeniorum effeminatorum, incaute et segniter dimicantium, corruit, sex tantum strenui et probi milites Baldewini sagittis confixi perierunt: quorum exsequiis Christiano more completis, planctus et dolor magnus per universam civitatem factus est.

Baldewinus, not refusing this first petition of the duke and of the elders of the city, having taken two hundred companions and the entire pedestrian and equestrian retinue of the city, assaulted the castle Samusart, inflicting much force by the valour of his men upon the enemies. But [0450B] Balduc and those meeting him were grievously checked by a hail of arrows and the shrillness of trumpets. For there there fell an innumerable band of effeminate Armenian citizens, fighting rashly and sluggishly; only six stalwart and upright soldiers of Baldewinus perished, pierced by arrows: at whose funeral rites performed in the Christian manner, great lamentation and sorrow were made throughout the whole city.

Baldewinus videns arcem praesidii Samusart insuperabilem, et in ea Turcos bello fortissimos et indefessos, apud S. Joannem, quod erat in praesidio non longe ab arce, suos in lorica, galea et equo reliquit, qui semper Turcis ad resistendum occurrerent, et belli assiduitate vexarent: ipse solus cum duodecim Gallis Rohas reversus est.

Baldewinus, seeing the fortress of the Samusart garrison unsurpassable, and that the Turks there were most valiant and indefatigable in war, left his men at S. Joannem, which was in the garrison not far from the fortress, in lorica, with helmet and horse, who would ever meet the Turks to resist them and harry them by the assiduity of war: he himself alone returned to Rohas with twelve Gauls.

CAP. XXII. - Conspiratae plebis consilium in ducem suum Baldewinus volens reprimere, nihil proficit. [0450C]

CHAPTER 22. Baldewinus, wishing to repress the conspiratorial plan of the populace against their leader, accomplishes nothing. [0450C]

Post haec paucis diebus evolutis, omnis senatus et universi cives considerantes Baldewini prudentiam et constantiam adversus Turcorum insidias, multumque sub manu ejus civitatem et ejus munitiones posse salvari ac defendi, in unum convenerunt, Constantino de montanis accito ad commune consilium, viro potentissimo, quatenus ducem suum interimerent, et Baldewinum loco ejus ducem et dominum exaltarent. Erat enim idem dux valde eis contrarius: nam multis eos calumniis affecerat, aurum et argentum incomparabiliter cunctis abstulerat: si quis vero resistebat, Turcorum inimicitas et odium non solum in periculum vitae [0450D] suae, verum etiam in vineis et in satis suis succidendis, et in praeda gregum suorum suscitabat. Hoc audito consilio, die quadam universi parvi et magni civitatis ad arma convolant; armati et loricati Baldewinum conveniunt, ut cum eis ad interitum ducis sui contendant, asserentes eum loco suo dominum et ducem communi consilio fieri se decrevisse.

After these things, a few days having passed, the whole senate and all the citizens, considering Baldewinus’ prudence and constancy against the Turks’ ambuscades, and that much by his hand the city and its fortifications could be saved and defended, came together as one, Constantine de Montanis being summoned to the common council, a very powerful man, that they might put their duke to death, and exalt Baldewinus in his place as duke and lord. For that same duke was exceedingly hostile to them: for he had afflicted them with many accusations, had taken gold and silver beyond compare from everyone; and if anyone resisted, the Turks’ enmity and hatred not only raised danger to his life [0450D], but also to his vineyards and estates being cut down, and to the plundering of his herds. When this council was heard, on a certain day all the small and great of the city flocked to arms; armed and in lorica they came upon Baldewinus, to strive with him for the death of their duke, asserting that they had decreed by common counsel that he should be made their lord and duke in his stead.

Qui tale facinus praesumere omnino contradixit, cum vice filii sibi sit constitutus, et nihil causae vel mali adhuc in eo repererit, unde perditionis ejus consectaneus et socius fiat. Ait enim: «Inaestimabile coram Deo peccatum esset, ut in hunc virum manum sine causa mitterem, quem in patrem assumpsi, cui etiam fidem contuli. Sed precor vos, ne sanguine et morte ejus [0451A] pollui me sinatis, et nomen meum inter principes Christiani exercitus vilescere faciatis.

He wholly refused to presume such a crime, since he is constituted to him in the place of a son, and has as yet found no cause or fault in him from which he should become attendant and partner in his perdition. For he says: «It would be an inestimable sin before God that I should lay hands on this man without cause, whom I have taken as a father, to whom I have also entrusted fidelity. But I beseech you, do not permit me to be polluted with his blood and death [0451A], and make my name to be despised among the princes of the Christian host.»

Peto etiam vos, ut sibi ore ad os loqui mihi liceat in solio turris, super quam usque in praesens habitare vestro dono exaltatus consuevit.» Quod mox ei annuerunt. Et ecce turrim ascendens, sic ei locutus est: «Omnes cives et praefecti civitatis hujus in necem tuam conspirati, in omni genere armorum ad turrim hanc in furore et impetu animi properant: quod doleo et moleste fero. Sed ut aliqua ratione liberari possis, vel rerum tuarum datione praevenire non neglexi.» Vix dux colloquentem sibi audivit, et ecce in circuitu turris multitudo civium in obsidione et impugnatione confluxit, incessabili mangenarum et sagittarum jactu muros et turris ostia quatientes.

I also beg you that he may be allowed to speak to me mouth to mouth upon the throne of the tower, upon which he has hitherto been accustomed to dwell, exalted by your gift.» Which they soon granted him. And behold, ascending the tower, he thus spoke to him: «All the citizens and prefects of this city, having conspired for your death, in every kind of arms hurry to this tower in fury and impulsive spirit: which I grieve over and take badly. But that you may be freed by some means, I have not neglected to anticipate this by the surrender of your goods.» Scarcely had the duke heard him speaking, when behold a multitude of citizens gathered around the tower in siege and assault, shaking the walls and the tower's gates with the unceasing hurled of mangonels and arrows.

CAP. XXIII. - Quam misere idem dux interfectus sit. [0451B]

CHAPTER 23. - How miserably that same duke was slain. [0451B]

Dux videns animae suae angustias, thesauros suos incomparabiles in ostro, in vasis aureis et argenteis, in bysantiis copiosis Baldewino aperuit, rogans ut suscipiat, quatenus apud cives pro vita et salute sua interveniat, et nudum ac vacuum a turri exire et abire patiantur. Baldewinus preces illius exaudiens, misericordia motus super desperato, praefectos populi obnixa suasione adhortatur et instat ut duci suo parcentes non occidant, et thesauros innumerabiles, quos viderat, inter se partiri non refutent. Senatus et universi cives ad Baldewini et promissionem thesaurorum minime auscultant, non vivum, non sanum pro ulla rerum commutatione aut datione illum [0451C] evadere unanimiter exclamantes, injurias et calumnias sibi objicientes, quas sub eo et a Turcis ejus instinctu saepe sustinuerant.

The duke, seeing the distress of his soul, revealed his incomparable treasures in purple, in golden and silver vessels, and in abundant Byzantines to Baldwin, begging that he receive them, so that he might intercede with the citizens for his life and safety, and that they suffer him to go forth from the tower naked and empty and to depart. Baldwin, hearing his entreaties, moved by pity for the desperate man, exhorts and urges the prefects of the people with persuasive force that, sparing their duke, they not kill him, and that they not refuse to divide among themselves the innumerable treasures which they had seen. The senate and all the citizens paid little heed to Baldwin and to the promise of the treasures, crying out unanimously that he should not escape alive nor sound by any exchange or gift of things [0451C], casting upon him injuries and slanders which they had often suffered under him and by the instigation of his Turks.

Dux itaque vitae suae diffisus, nec precibus suis aut ullis pretiosis donis videns se quidquam proficere, Baldewinum a turri remisit, se per fenestram funiculo a solio laxans exivit: quem mille sagittis in momento confixum mortificantes, media platea projecerunt caputque ejus amputantes, ad ludibrium omnibus hastae praefixum per omnes vicos civitatis detulerunt.

The duke, despairing of his life, and seeing that he could not avail by his prayers or by any costly gifts, sent Baldwin away from the tower, and, letting himself down from his seat by a rope through the window, went out; whom, piercing with a thousand arrows in an instant and slaying, they threw into the middle of the street, cut off his head, and as a mockery fixed it upon a spear and carried it through all the quarters of the city.

CAP. XXIV. - Occiso duce, Baldewinus subrogatus venalem arcem Samusart emere primo contempsit, postmodo consilio suorum rebus pretiosissimis comparavit.

CHAPTER 24. - With the leader slain and Baldewinus having been appointed in his stead, he at first scorned to purchase the venal citadel Samasart; later, by the counsel of his men, he acquired it with very precious goods.

[0451D] Crastina vero die Baldewinum, plurimum renitentem et contradicentem, ducem ac principem civitatis statuerunt; turrim insuperabilem cum universis thesauris exstincti ducis in ea repertis illi contulerunt, jurejurando subjecti illi facti et fideles, Balduc hac Baldewini nova promotione audita, timore magno percussus est, ne in virtute Gallorum, virorum belligerorum, obsidione facta praesidium Samusart amitteret. Unde legatione ad Baldewinum facta, arcem illi venalem pro numero decem millium byzantiorum obtulit, et quia abhinc et deinceps illi pro solidorum conventione fideliter militaret. Qui ad ejus verba nequaquam attendit, eo quod injuste Christianis hanc arcem abstulisset, quondam ad civitatem Rohas non longe ante hoc tempus pertinentem.

[0451D] On the next day, indeed, they made Baldwin, who resisted greatly and contradicted much, duke and prince of the city; moreover they bestowed on him the unconquerable tower together with all the treasures found in it of the late duke, having made him swear an oath and be made subject and faithful to them. Balduc, hearing of this new promotion of Baldwin, was struck with great fear that, by the might of the Franks, men of war, and with a siege made, he might lose the garrison of Samusart. Wherefore, an embassy being sent to Baldwin, they offered him the citadel for sale for the sum of ten thousand Byzantines, and because henceforth and thereafter he would faithfully serve them by agreement of solidi. Baldwin paid no heed to their words at all, because he had unjustly taken this citadel from the Christians, which had formerly pertained to the city of Rohas not long before this time.

[0452A] Balduc, videns feritatem et constantiam ducis Baldewini, dixit se arcem incendio consumere, obsides civium et praefectorum, quos plurimos tenebat, decollare, et semper insidias adversus Baldewinum nocte ac die moliri. Tandem, ut plerumque temporis processit, Baldewinus audito consilio suorum, Balduc talentum auri et argenti et ostra pretiosa cum purpura, equos et mulos non modico pretio dignos contulit, et sic praesidium Samusart ab hostili manu et potestate redemit. Ab ea denique die et deinceps Balduc Baldewino subditus factus est, in domo ejus condomesticus et familiares inter Gallos constitutus.

[0452A] Balduc, seeing the ferocity and steadfastness of the duke Baldwin, declared that he would consume the citadel by fire, behead the hostages of the citizens and prefects, whom he held in great number, and continually plot ambushes against Baldwin night and day. At length, as so often happens with the passage of time, Baldwin, having heard the counsel of his men, bestowed upon Balduc a talent of gold and silver and precious shells with purple, and horses and mules of no small worthy price, and thus ransomed the garrison of Samusart from hostile hand and power. From that day onward Balduc became subject to Baldwin, established as a housefellow in his household and among the Gauls as one of his familiares.

Baldewinus arcem susceptam fideli suorum custodia munivit, obsides illic repertos primoribus quibusque et civibus restituit. Post haec, [0452B] quia aeque gentilibus et Christianis non convenit, et invicem sibi semper sunt suspecti, Baldewinus uxorem Balduc et filios pro fidei stabilitate requisivit: qui benigne annuit; sed de die in diem occasione adinventa, obsides hos dare differebat.

Baldewin fortified the citadel he had undertaken with the faithful custody of his men, and restored there the hostages found to the leading men and to the citizens. After these things, [0452B] because it was not fitting equally for gentiles and Christians, and they were always mutually suspect, Baldewin demanded Balduc’s wife and sons as security for the stability of the faith: who kindly consented; but from day to day, opportunity being found, he delayed to give these hostages.

CAP. XXV. - Praesidium Sororgia in manus Baldewini non sine labore traditur, et Balduc fraudulentia notatur.

CHAPTER 25. - The garrison of Sororgia is delivered into the hands of Baldwin not without labor, and Balduc is marked by fraud.

Baldewino duce sic exaltato et militari actione divulgato, Balas, qui et ipse princeps et invasoc praesidii civitatis Sororgiae erat, duci Baldewino legationem misit, quatenus exercitu adunato, ad civitatem, quae a praesidio et montanis distabat et rebellis adhuc resistebat, descenderet, et praesidium in ejus manu, civibus et urbe superatis, absque dilatione [0452C] reponeret: erant enim cives Sarraceni, qui sibi resistebant, et tributa dare contemnebant. Baldewinus promissis illius credens, foedere ad invicem percusso, cum omni apparatu suo urbem obsidere et expugnare disposuit, donec cives victi cederent, et deinceps tributarii fierent. Verum cives Baldewini adventum et indignationem ex Balas suggestione intelligentes, Balduc conventione solidorum caeterosque Turcorum milites multis praemiis sibi asciverunt, sperantes sub eorum tutamine moenia urbis posse retineri ac defendi.

With Duke Baldwin thus exalted and his military action made known, Balas, who himself was both prince and commander of the garrison of the city Sororgia, sent a legation to Duke Baldwin, that, an army having been gathered, he should descend upon the city, which lay apart from the garrison and the mountains and still resisted rebelliously, and should restore the garrison into his hand, the citizens and city having been overcome, without delay [0452C]: for the citizens were Saracens who resisted him and scorned to pay tribute. Baldwin, trusting his promises, after a treaty mutually struck, with all his apparatus resolved to besiege and take the city, until the citizens, being vanquished, should yield and thereafter become tributaries. But the citizens, understanding Baldwin’s approach and indignation from Balas’s suggestion, by an agreement of solidi Balduc and the other Turkish soldiers enlisted many with great rewards to their side, hoping that under their protection the city’s walls could be held and defended.

Balduc miles, et unus de principibus Turcorum, avaritia byzantiorum jam corruptus, cum suis ad urbem accessit, sperans eidem urbi adhuc praeesse et dominari. Baldewinus, hoc [0452D] comperto, in manu forti die statuto ad obsidionem urbis Sororgiae proficisci disposuit cum mangenis et omni apparatu armorum, quibus urbs scindi aut expugnari posset. Cives vero et Sarraceni milites apparatum intolerabilem audientes, formidine concussi, nuntia illi miserunt ut pacifice ad illos descenderet, urbem sine contradictione reciperet, reditusque singulis annis suae ditioni non negarent.

Balduc, a soldier and one of the chiefs of the Turks, by avarice of the Byzantines already corrupted, approached the city with his men, hoping still to preside over and dominate that same city. Baldewinus, this [0452D] discovered, having fixed the day, resolved with a strong hand to set out for the siege of the city of Sororgia with mangonels and with all the array of arms by which the city might be rent or taken. But the citizens and the Saracen soldiers, hearing of the intolerable armament, stricken with fear, sent messengers to him that he should descend peaceably to them, receive the city without contradiction, and not deny yearly returns to his rule.

Baldewinus precibus eorum cessit; diem statuit, qua omnia haec cum pace et fide rata et credula componerentur. Balduc videns quia cives a defensione defecerant, et timore perterriti resistere tanto principi nequiverant, urbem cum suis egressus, Rohas ad ipsum Baldewinum simulata fide in his verbis, descendit: «Nequaquam credas, ut arbitreris me [0453A] ideo urbem Sororgiae intrasse, ut civibus auxilium adversus te ferrem, sed veni, ut eos quolibet consilio ab incoepto rebellionis suae revocarem, tibique subditos facerem ac tributarios.» Quod Baldewinus patienter accipiens, Balduc in excusatione hac manere secum ab illo die concessit; sed tamen minime fidei illius se credebat. Nec mora in manus ejus urbs est reddita, cives tributarii facti; praesidium Balas, quod in montanis praeeminebat, in manum ejus et suorum custodiam reposuit.

Baldewinus yielded to their prayers; he fixed a day on which all these things should be settled with peace and with faith ratified and trusted. Balduc, seeing that the citizens had failed in their defense, and terrified by fear had been unable to resist so great a prince, went out of the city with his men and descended to Baldewin himself at Rohas, with feigned fidelity in these words: «Nequaquam credas, ut arbitreris me [0453A] ideo urbem Sororgiae intrasse, ut civibus auxilium adversus te ferrem, sed veni, ut eos quolibet consilio ab incoepto rebellionis suae revocarem, tibique subditos facerem ac tributarios.» Which Baldewinus, receiving patiently, granted that Balduc should remain with him from that day under this excuse; yet nevertheless he did not at all trust his fidelity. Nor long after was the city delivered into his hands, the citizens made tributaries; the garrison of Balas, which commanded the mountains, was placed into his hand and into the custody of his men.

Baldewinus civitate cum praesidio suscepta, Folkerum Carnutensem, virum militarem et belli peritissimum, ad procuranda et tuenda moenia in eis reliquit; ipse Rohas in magna gloria reversus est.

Baldewinus, the city having been taken with its garrison, left Folkerus the Carnutian, a military man and most skilled in war, there to procure and guard the walls; Rohas himself returned in great glory.

CAP. XXVI. - Tankradus damnosa Christianis praesidia destruit, et oblata sibi ab hostibus munera prudenter reponit. [0453B]

CHAPTER 26. - Tankradus destroys garrisons harmful to the Christians, and prudently lays aside the gifts offered to him by the enemies. [0453B]

Tankradus, qui a Baldewino divisus, Mamistrae ad maritima remanserat, cum adauctis sibi viribus de navali exercitu, quem Baldewinus advexerat, castrum puellarum quod vulgariter appellatur de Batesses, obsedit et expugnavit: similiter castrum pastorum expugnatum diruit; castrum quoque adolescentum, quod dicitur de Bakelers, quae in montanis erant praesidia, in manu robustorum militum, dejecit et attrivit. Alexandriam minorem portis et muris dirutis subjugatam obtinuit. Turcos in eis repertos in ore gladii percussit.

Tankradus, who having separated from Baldewinus had remained at Mamistra by the sea, with his forces increased by the naval army which Baldewinus had brought, besieged and took the castle of the girls commonly called de Batesses; likewise he razed the captured castle of the shepherds; he also threw down and crushed the youths’ castle called de Bakelers, which were mountain strongholds, and put them into the hands of stout soldiers. He secured Alexandria Minor, its gates and walls broken down and subdued. The Turks found there he struck down with the sword.

Omnia autem castella et praesidia hactenus peregrinis nocentia, aut cepit aut incendit; hostes gentiles in eis inventos alios occidit, [0453C] alios captivos tenuit. Hostes vero, qui, Christianis subjugatis, per montana dispersi Christianorum praesidia et loca injuste invaserant, audita illius virtute militari, alii fugam capiebant, alii missis equis et mulis, auri argentique donis pretiosis amicitiae illius jungebantur, quatenus eum pacificum in omnibus, quae obtinebant, reperirent. Tankradus de omnibus quae offerebantur nihil refutabat; sed sicut cautus et providus omnia suscipiens reponebat, memor praeteritarum angustiarum, et majorum adhuc credulus futurarum.

All the castles and garrisons that hitherto harmed foreigners he either took or burned; among the foes of the nation found in them he slew some, [0453C] and kept others captive. But the enemies who, with the Christians subdued, had scattered through the mountains and unjustly invaded Christian garrisons and places, on hearing of his military prowess some took flight, others, their horses and mules sent back, were joined to his friendship by precious gifts of gold and silver, so that they found him peaceable in all things which they held. Tankradus refused nothing of all that was offered him; but, as one cautious and provident, he accepted and stored away all things, mindful of past hardships and still too credulous of future ones.

CAP. XXVII. - De civitate Maresch, ubi et uxor Baldewini obiit.

CHAPTER 27. - Of the city Maresch, where also Baldwin's wife died.

Interea totus apparatus et virtus grandis exercitus accelerabat, rectitudine itineris per mediam Romaniam, [0453D] per abrupta montium et declivia vallium incedens, quem Godefridus dux, Boemundus, Reymundus comes, Robertus Flandrensis, Reymerus episcopus de Podio, Robertus de Northmannia, communi consilio et pari conductu moderabantur. Hi ad civitatem, quae Maresch dicitur, in manu forti descendentes, hospitio pernoctaverunt, tabernacula in locis virentibus ante urbis moenia extendentes, nullam vim Christianis illic civibus inferentes, sed pacifice ab urbe vitae necessaria venalia suscipientes. Turci, qui adventum tantorum ac tot principum intellexerant, ab urbis praesidio aufugerunt, quam iniqua vi et injustis tributis ante multos hos annos oppresserunt.

Meanwhile the whole equipment and great prowess of the army hastened, proceeding in a straight route through the midst of Romania, [0453D] marching over the ruggedness of mountains and the declivities of valleys, which Godefrid the duke, Boemund, Count Reymund, Robert of Flanders, Reymerus the bishop of Podium, Robert of Normandy, by common counsel and equal command were directing. These, descending upon the city called Maresch with a strong hand, passed the night as guests, stretching their tents on green places before the city walls, inflicting no violence on the Christian citizens there, but peaceably receiving from the city the necessities of life for sale. The Turks, who had understood the coming of so many and such princes, fled from the garrison of the city which they had oppressed many years before with cruel force and unjust tributes.

Hac in regione Maresch, uxor Baldewini nobilissima [0454A] quam de regno Angliae eduxit, diutina corporis molestia aggravata et duci Godefrido commendata, vitam exhalavit, sepulta catholicis obsequiis, cujus nomen erat Godwera. Udelrardus, similiter de Wizan infirmitate correptus, ibidem obiit, honorifice sepulcro illic conditus; miles irreprehensibilis et in omni bellorum consilio et actione utilis, de domo ducis Godefridi, semper secretorum illius ante omnes conscius.

In this region Maresch, Baldwin’s most noble wife [0454A], whom he had brought forth from the kingdom of England, having been sorely afflicted by a long-standing bodily malady and commended to Duke Godefrid, breathed her life forth, and was buried with Catholic obsequies; her name was Godwera. Udelrardus, likewise seized by the infirmity of Wizan, died there, honorably laid in a tomb; an irreproachable knight and useful in every counsel and action of war, of the household of Duke Godefrid, ever the first to be privy to his secrets.

CAP. XXVIII. - De civitate Arthesia, ubi Christiani Armenii secum manentibus Turcis capita desecantes fratres benigne recipiunt.

CHAPTER 28. - Of the city Arthesia, where Christian Armenians, the Turks remaining with them and beheading heads, kindly receive brothers.

Egressi a montanis et regione Maresch praedicti principes cum omnibus sequacibus legionibus, compererunt a quibusdam Christianis Syriae sibi occurrentibus [0454B] civitatem Arthesiam non procul abesse rebus necessariis vitae locupletem, sed a Turcis possessam. Hoc comperto, Robertus de Flandria assumptis secum viris cautissimis, Rotgero de Roscit, Gozelone filio comitis Cunonis de Monte acuto, cum mille loricatis ab exercitu exsurgens ad Arthesiam descendit, civitatem muro, moenibus et praesidio turrito munitissimam, in qua Turci manentes Armenios Christianos servili jugo subegerant. Urbi itaque et ejus moenibus appropinquantes in signis erectis cujusque colore pulcherrimis, in galeis aeneis auro lucidissimis, totam regionem fama adventus sui concusserunt.

Having departed from the mountains and the region Maresch, the aforesaid princes with all their following legions learned from certain Christians of Syria who met them that the city Arthesia was not far off and was wealthy in the necessities of life, but was held by the Turks. When this was discovered, Robert of Flanders, having taken with him very cautious men, with Rotgero of Roscit, Gozelon the son of Count Cunon of Montacute, rising from the army with a thousand cuirassed men, descended to Arthesia, a city most strongly fortified with wall, ramparts, and towered garrison, in which the Turks, remaining there, had subjected the Armenian Christians to a servile yoke. Therefore, approaching the city and its walls, with standards set up of every most beautiful colour and with brazen helms most brightly gilded with gold, they shook the whole region with the fame of their coming.

Turci in moenibus Arthesiae et praesidio, causa defensionis et repugnationis, repentina [0454C] hac Gallorum congressione perterriti, astiterunt, portas civitatis obice et seris munientes. Verum cives Armenii, quos iidem Turci longa servitute depresserant, secum in eisdem munitionibus constituti, reminiscentes injuriarum suarum quas ab eisdem Turcis diu pertulerant in raptu uxorum et filiarum, in actione caeterorum nefariorum, in exactione tributorum injustorum, nunc freti auxilio et adventu Christianorum eosdem Turcos invadentes, in ore gladii peremerunt, et capita eorum amputantes e fenestris et moenibus ejecerunt, portasque urbis confratribus Christianis aperientes, aditum reddiderunt tutum in occisione gentilium, in ejectione exstinctorum corporum: benigne etiam et omni pia susceptione fideles fratres inducunt, armis [0454D] et sarcinis familiariter exonerantes; cibis diversis et amicis potibus recreant, equis et mulis eorum pabula sufficienter subministrantes.

The Turks on the walls of Arthesia and in the garrison, for the cause of defense and resistance, terrified by this sudden meeting of the Franks [0454C], stood fast, fortifying the city gates with bars and bolts. But the Armenian citizens, whom the same Turks had long oppressed with servitude, being stationed with them in those same fortifications, remembering the injuries they had long suffered from those same Turks in the seizure of wives and daughters, in the commission of other nefarious acts, in the extortion of unjust tributes, now relying on the aid and arrival of the Christians, attacked those same Turks and slew them by the sword’s edge, and cutting off their heads they cast them out from the windows and walls, and opening the city gates to their Christian brethren, rendered the entrance safe in the slaughter of the gentiles and in the ejection of the slain bodies: and kindly and with all pious hospitality they received the faithful brothers, relieving them in friendly fashion of arms [0454D] and burdens; they restored them with various foods and convivial drinks, sufficiently supplying fodder for their horses and mules.

CAP. XXIX. - Populus Dei profana multitudine circumplexi, ferro sibi viam aperiunt, et vix evadunt, obsessi fiducialiter agunt.

CHAPTER 29. - The people of God, encompassed by a profane multitude, open a way for themselves with iron, and scarcely escape; besieged, they act with trust.

Ab hac urbis statione usque ad Antiochiam decem milliaria computantur et fama novae caedis Turcorum veloci pede transvolans, Turcos ab Antiochia et de cunctis finibus ejus ad viginti millia congregatos accivit usque ad praedictam civitatem Arthesiae. Ex his millibus Turcorum astutiores et agiliores triginta, equis in modum venti currentibus insidentes, in dolo praecesserunt, post terga relictis insidiis totius [0455A] legionis, quatenus in arcu corneo et osseo Gallos e praesidio lacessere et protrahere valerent. Galli equidem fraudes et latentes insidias ignorantes, pede et equo, armis muniti et loricis induti, illis mediis occurrerunt campis, ut cum hostibus committerent.

From this city station to Antioch ten miles are reckoned, and the rumor of a new slaughter of the Turks, flying on swift foot, having spread, summoned the Turks gathered from Antioch and from all its borders up to twenty thousand to the aforesaid city of Arthesia. Of these thousands the craftier and swifter thirty, seated on horses running like the wind, in guile went ahead, leaving ambushes behind the backs of the whole [0455A] legion, so that, with a horn and bone bow, they might provoke and draw the Gauls out from the garrison. The Gauls, indeed ignorant of the frauds and hidden ambushes, on foot and on horse, armed and clad in loricae, met them in the middle of the fields, so as to join battle with the enemies.

Sed non aliquis successus illis ullo conflictu potuit contingere. Nam Turci, qui erant in insidiis, transverso itinere viam in gravi multitudine anticipant, ne Galli reditum aut refugium ad urbem haberent, sed momentaneo interitu suffocarentur. Hoc viso repentino impetu et improviso, Robertus de Flandria et Rotgerus caeterique capitales exercitus, fortiter sociis admonitis, et in unum conglobatis, per medias densas acies Turcorum a campi planitie frenis reductis transvolantes, rigidis hastis hostes [0455B] irruperunt.

But no success could attend them in any conflict. For the Turks, who were in ambush, by a crosswise route anticipated the way in a heavy multitude, that the Gauls might have no return or refuge to the city, but be smothered in momentary ruin. At sight of this sudden and unforeseen onset, Robert of Flanders and Rotger and the other principal leaders of the army, having boldly warned their allies and massed together into one, from the plain of the field with bridles checked, flying across through the midst of the dense ranks of the Turks, with rigid spears burst upon the enemies [0455B].

Irruit et omnis societas virili audacia, quousque incolumes a manibus inimicorum intra portas et moenia illapsi sunt. Turci vero elapsos in portis grandine mille sagittarum insequuntur, portas cum eis intrare conantes. Sed retrusi a limine in manu valida, licet exigua, portas intrare cum Gallis nequaquam permissi sunt.

And the whole fellowship rushed in with manly daring, until, unscathed from the hands of the enemies, they had plunged within the gates and ramparts. But the Turks pursued those who had escaped on the gates with a hail of a thousand arrows, attempting to enter the gates with them. Yet, driven back from the threshold by a strong, though small, hand, they were by no means permitted to enter the gates with the Gauls.

Multi tamen in repentinis sagittarum ictibus hinc et hinc armigeri, equites et pedites, muli quoque et equi gravati sunt. Turci ergo videntes se nihil profecisse, et adhuc in copiis suis confidentes, obsidionem circa praedictam urbem constituerunt. Sed fideles inclusi ex sufficientia ciborum in arce reperta murali robore firma et inexpugnabili, tuti et quieti resederunt.

Many, however, by the sudden strokes of arrows from here and there, armigers, horsemen and footmen, and likewise mules and horses, were struck down. The Turks therefore, seeing that they had effected nothing, and still confident in their own forces, established a siege about the aforesaid city. But the faithful, shut in, having found a sufficiency of food in the citadel and the mural bulwark firm and impregnable, sat safe and quiet.

Illic in praesidio Arthesiae Gozelo filius comitis Cunonis, [0455C] languore gravissimo occupatus, post dies aliquot vita discessit, et a confratribus Christianis debitum sepulturae honorifice et catholice suscepit.

There in the garrison of Arthesia Gozelo, son of Count Cunon, [0455C] seized by a most grievous illness, after several days departed this life, and received from his Christian confreres the due of burial, honorably and catholicly.

CAP. XXX. - Profani Arthesiam obsidentes, de adventu Christiani exercitus per exploratores edocti, nequaquam, usque in noctem, obsidionem solvunt.

CHAPTER 30. - The profane, besieging Arthesia, being informed by scouts of the arrival of a Christian army, by no means lifted the siege until night.

Interea non longo intervallo maturabat viam magnus exercitus Christianorum, inter quos latenter exploratores degebant, qui ab exercitu occulte, visa opportunitate subtracti, Turcis referebant quae audierant de adventu et consiliis catholicae legionis. Delatores praedicti audientes quia ab Arthesia fama obsidionis suorum ad principem Godefridum, Boemundum caeterosque pervenerat, et quia ad subveniendum consilium inierant, festinato ad castra [0455D] Turcorum redierunt, jam Romanos Francigenas et Teutonicos in proximo adventare nuntiantes; nec vires eorum sustinere posse, nec a manibus eorum eripi, nisi cito, civitate relicta, in sua remearent tutamina. Nequaquam tamen his sinistris nuntiis admoniti expavescunt, freti nimium in suis praedictis millibus; sed per integras unius diei horas urbem impugnant, et in assultibus plurimis laborant.

Meanwhile, after not a long interval the great army of Christians was preparing the way, among whom spies were secretly dwelling, who, having withdrawn covertly from the army when opportunity was seen, reported to the Turks what they had heard concerning the arrival and the counsels of the catholic legion. The aforesaid informers, hearing that from Arthesia the rumor of the siege of their men had reached Prince Godefrid, Bohemond and the others, and that they had entered into counsel to come to the rescue, hastened back to the camp of the Turks [0455D], now announcing that Romans, Franks and Teutons were coming near; and that their forces could neither endure them nor be wrested from their hands, unless quickly, the city being left, they returned to their own defenses. Not at all, however, were they terrified by these ill tidings, relying too much on their aforesaid thousands; but they assaulted the city through the whole hours of one day, and labored in very many attacks.

Sed laborem suum in cassum consumuat, Gallis ab arce et moenibus non parce resistentibus.

But he consumes his labor in vain, the Gauls not sparing themselves in resisting from the citadel and the walls.

CAP. XXXI. - Exercitu Dei adveniente, Arthesia fidelium tuitione munitur; Baldewinus triumphis clarus novis nuptiis illustratur.

CHAPTER 31. - With the army of God arriving, Arthesia is fortified by the protection of the faithful; Baldwin, famed in triumphs, is made illustrious by new nuptials.

Dehinc nocte relata et tenebris incumbentibus, [0456A] plurimis consiliis invicem habitis, consilium repertum est, ut, primo diluculo apparente, ad pontem fluminis Fernae reditum pararent, et Antiochiam, urbem turribus munitam et fundatam et humanis viribus insuperabilem, securi intrarent, ne ponte praevento et flumine ab exercitu Christianorum, periculum vitae expugnati paterentur. Vix Antiochiam praedicti Turci subierant, cum sequentis lucis crepusculo magnus exercitus Catholicorum in terminos Arthesiae castra applicuit, ibidem pernoctans in laetitia et jucunditate. Illic ex decreto majorum mille et quingenti viri loricati electi, ad Arthesiam sunt directi ad auxilium confratrum, qui erant in arce, ut sic sani et incolumes copiis et viribus communi via, minus de hostili impetu solliciti, ad exercitum [0456B] repedarent.

Then, night having been brought on and darkness pressing in, [0456A] with very many councils held among themselves, a plan was found that, at first dawn, they should prepare a return to the bridge of the river Ferna, and should enter Antioch — a city fortified with towers, founded, and unsurpassable by human forces — safely, lest with the bridge secured and the river blocked by the army of the Christians, they suffer the danger of having their lives taken. Scarcely had the aforesaid Turks approached Antioch, when at the twilight of the following light a great army of the Catholics drew their camp to the bounds of Arthesia, there spending the night in joy and gladness. There, by decree of the elders, fifteen hundred armored men were chosen and directed to Arthesia to the aid of their confreres who were in the citadel, so that thus whole and unharmed in men and strength, by the common road and less anxious about hostile assault, they might march back to the army [0456B].

Civitate Arthesia fidei Christianorum tuitione munita, ad exercitum sine ulla offensione sunt reversi. Redit et Tankradus ab Alexandria minore et maritimis regionibus; redierunt et universi, quibusque locis ad subjugandam terram et castella et civitates praemissi et dispersi, praeter Baldewinum, fratrem ducis Godefridi. Qui ad meridianam plagam profectus in terram Armeniae, expugnaturus Turcos, Turbaysel et Ravenel et caetera praesidia suae ditioni subjecerat.

The city of Arthesia, fortified by the protection of the Christian faith, was returned from to the army without any harm. Tankrad also returned from Lesser Alexandria and the maritime regions; and all those who had been sent forth and scattered to various places to subjugate the land and its castles and cities returned as well, except Baldwin, brother of Duke Godfrey. He, having set out toward the southern region into the land of Armenia, intending to conquer the Turks, had subjected Turbaysel and Ravenel and other garrisons to his dominion.

Idem vero Baldewinus sic de die in diem bellis ac triumphis magis ac magis accrescens, ex consilio duodecim praefectorum civitatis, uxorem nobilissimam de genere Armenio magnificis et legalibus duxit nuptiis, filiam cujusdam principis et fratris Constantini, nomine Taphnuz, [0456C] qui in montanis praesidia et plurimas munitiones obtinebat, quorum universorum haeredem Baldewinum constituit. Sexaginta etiam millia byzantinorum illi dare spopondit, de quibus conventionem solidorum militibus suis solvens, terram potenter adversus Turcorum incursus retineret. Spopondit quidem, sed tantum septem millia illi dedit: quae vero restabant, de die in diem differebat.

Baldwin likewise, thus growing more and more from day to day in wars and triumphs, by the counsel of the twelve prefects of the city, took in magnificent and lawful nuptials a most noble wife of Armenian stock, the daughter of a certain prince and brother of Constantine, named Taphnuz, [0456C], who held garrisons and very many fortifications in the mountains, of all whom he made Baldwin heir. He furthermore pledged to give him sixty thousand Byzantines, by the terms of which, paying an agreement of solidi to his soldiers, he would hold the land powerfully against Turkish incursions. He indeed pledged, but gave him only seven thousand: the remainder, however, he deferred from day to day.

Nuptiis Baldewini inaestimabili apparatu celebratis, decretum consilio communi et majorum civitatis et regionis, ut idem Taphnuz eum genero suo de statu terrae et utilitate civitatis tractaret, eo quod vir esset provectae aetatis et sanioris consilii, sicque se invicem mutuo praevenirent honore: quod et actum est.

With Baldwin’s nuptials celebrated with inestimable display, it was decreed by the common council and the elders of the city and region that the same Taphnuz should deal with him as his son‑in‑law concerning the state of the land and the benefit of the city, because the man was of advanced age and of sounder counsel, and thus they might mutually anticipate one another in honor: which was done.

CAP. XXXII. - Christi populus adunatus non ultra dividitur, quem Podiensis episcopus circumspectum fore, paterne alloquitur. [0456D]

CHAPTER 32. - The people of Christ, united, is no longer divided; whom the bishop of Podiensis, addressing him paternally, exhorts to be circumspect. [0456D]

Postquam in unum convenerunt congregati, non ultra ab hac die divisi sunt propter copias Turcorum inaestimabiles, qui a montanis et omni Romania profugi, ad urbem Antiochiam, quae erat inaestimabilis murorum firmitate et inexpugnabilis, pro defensione properaverant. Nec mora, episcopus Podiensis Reymerus sermonem ad populum faciens, hujusmodi exhortatione universos paterne admonuit et docuit, juxta quod instans necessitas, et creberrima fama vicinae nimium Antiochiae exigebat: «O fratres et filii charissimi, Antiochiam civitatem nimium [0457A] vicinam, ut compertum habemus, scitote fundatam murali munitione firmissimam, quae ferro vel jactu lapidis rescindi non potest, inauditi et insolubilis caementi opere, et mole magnorum lapidum constructa. In hac omnes hostes Christiani nominis, Turcos, Sarracenos, Arabes e montanis Romaniae et ex omni parte a facie nostra fugientes, convenisse procul dubio cognovimus.

After they had come together assembled into one, they were no longer separated from this day onward on account of the inestimable forces of the Turks, who, fleeing from the mountains and all Romania, had hastened to the city of Antioch, which was inestimable for the firmness of its walls and impregnable for defense. Nor was there delay: Reymerus, the bishop of Podia, making an address to the people, paternally admonished and taught them all with such exhortation, according to what pressing necessity and the very frequent report of the overly nearby Antioch required: «O most dear brothers and sons, know that the city of Antioch, too near as we have learned, is founded with a most firm mural fortification [0457A], which cannot be breached by iron or the casting of stones, made with unheard-of and unloosable mortar-work and built from the mass of great stones. In this city all the enemies of the Christian name, Turks, Saracens, Arabs from the mountains of Romania and from every quarter fleeing from our presence, have doubtless assembled.»

Unde cavendum summopere nobis est ultra aliquos ex nostris divisionem facere, nec temere praecurrere; sed in communi et unanimi virtute in crastino usque ad pontem Fernae nos commeare, consilio cautissimo definivimus.»

Wherefore we must be most carefully on our guard not to make a division among any of our people, nor rashly to run ahead; but by common and unanimous strength we have very cautiously resolved to repair on the morrow as far as the bridge of Ferna.

CAP. XXXIII. - Relicta Romania, praeelectos sequentes signiferos ad pontem usque fluvii Farfar perveniunt, ubi a Turcis bellicose excepti sunt.

CHAPTER 33. - Romania left behind, the standard-bearers, following their chosen ones, reached as far as the bridge of the river Farfar, where they were bellicosely met by the Turks.

[0457B] Omnis ergo populus venerabilis sacerdotis admonitioni acquievit; et crastino sole exorto, cum sociis ab Arthesia receptis, cum Tankrado et Welfone Buloniensi, maritimisque Gallorum sociis universis relatis, cum camelis et asinis omnibusque vehiculis sarcinarum rerumque necessariarum, in uno comitatu et armorum fiducia usque ad pontem fluminis Fernae, quod dicitur Farfar, profecti sunt, relictis asperis Alpibus vallibusque gravissimae Romaniae. Hac enim die Robertus Northmannorum comes praeelectus est cum suis militibus exercitum praeire, sicut mos est in omni exercitu militari: quatenus si aliqua vis adversariorum latuisset, nuntiaretur catholicae legionis ducibus et principibus, ut ad arma, loricas et parandos cuneos quantocius properarent. [0457C] Hujus inter millia Rotgerus de Barnevilla, Everhardus de Poisat, milites in omni negotio militari laudabiles, signa praeferentes, equitatum regebant, quousque ad ipsum pontem praenotatum sine dilatione constiterunt.

[0457B] Therefore the whole venerable people acquiesced to the priest’s admonition; and on the following day with the sun arisen, having received companions from Arthesia, with Tankred and Welf of Boulogne, and all the maritime allies of the Gauls brought together, with camels and asses and all the vehicles of packs and necessary things, in one company and in the confidence of arms they set out as far as the bridge of the river Ferna, which is called Farfar, leaving behind the rugged Alps and the valleys of the most grievous Romania. On that day Robert, elected count of the Northmen, was chosen to lead the army with his soldiers, as is the custom in every military host: so that if any force of the adversaries lay hidden, it might be reported to the leaders and princes of the catholic legion, that they should hasten as quickly as possible to arms, to cuirasses and to prepare wedges. [0457C] Among his thousands Rotger of Barnevilla and Everhard of Poisat, soldiers laudable in every military affair, bearing the standards, were commanding the cavalry, until they halted at the very aforesaid bridge without delay.

Pons denique iste mirabili arte et antiquo opere in modum arcus formam accepit, subter quam Farfar fluvius Damasci, Ferna vulgariter dictus, cursu rapidissimo alveum perluit. In utraque pontis fronte duae prominebant turres ferro insolubiles, et ad resistendum aptissimae, in quibus Turcorum semper erat custodia. Subsecuta est societas duum millium peditum virorum egregiorum, qui etiam ad pontem consistentes, minime transire permissi sunt.

This bridge at last took the shape of an arch by wondrous art and ancient workmanship, beneath which the river Farfar of Damascus, commonly called Ferna, washes the bed with a very swift course. On each face of the bridge two towers projected, indissoluble with iron and most suited to resistance, in which there was always a Turkish garrison. A company of two thousand excellent foot soldiers followed, who, even when they halted at the bridge, were by no means permitted to cross.

Nam Turci, qui in turribus [0457D] pontis ad centum defensionis causa constituti erant, fortiter in arcu et sagittarum grandine transire volentibus resistebant; equos crebris vulneribus laedebant, sessores equorum trans loricarum tegmina volatili sagitta plurimos transfigebant.

For the Turks, who had been stationed in the bridge’s towers [0457D] for the sake of defense, were bravely resisting on the arch against those wishing to cross, with a hail of arrows; they repeatedly wounded the horses, and the riders of the horses were in great number pierced through the coverings of their loricas by the flying shafts.

CAP. XXXIV. - Dura conflictio fidelium et Turcorum pro transitu pontis.

CHAPTER 34. - A hard conflict of the faithful and the Turks for the passage of the bridge.

Orta hinc et hinc tam gravi contentione, his transire volentibus, illis econtra transitum prohibentibus, et adhuc praevalentibus, septingenti Turci, qui ab Antiochia acciti exierant, videntes constantiam et defensionem suorum in ponte, in equis celerrimis nimium bello animati advolantes, vada praeoccupant, ne quispiam Christianorum transeundi licentiam obtineat. Equites et pedites Christianorum [0458A] videntes copias Turcorum loricatorum in fluminis ripa ad resistendum diffusas, diffunduntur et ipsi spatiose altera in ripa; et utraque parte sagittis virili conatu intortis et immissis, longa fit concertatio, hominesque et equi quamplures confixi in utraque ripa moribundi cadentes deficiebant. Turcis tandem plurimum praevalentibus, et sagittarum notitia et luctamine praeeuntibus et perdurantibus, exercitus fidelium armis et equis paratus, ad subveniendum praemissis sociis undique accelerabat.

From here and there arose so fierce a struggle, those wishing to cross, these on the contrary forbidding the crossing, and still prevailing, seven hundred Turks, who had been summoned from Antioch, seeing the firmness and defense of their men on the bridge, rushing in too eager for battle on very swift horses, seize the shallows beforehand, lest any of the Christians obtain leave to pass. The horsemen and foot of the Christians [0458A], seeing the ranks of mail-clad Turks spread out along the river-bank to resist, themselves likewise spread widely along the other bank; and with arrows on both sides hurled and shot with manly effort, a long contest ensued, and many men and horses, pierced on either bank, fell dying and failed. The Turks at last greatly prevailing, their skill with arrows and their superiority and endurance in the struggle going before them, the Christian army, ready with arms and horses, hastened from all sides to succor their comrades sent forward.

Sed nec Turci a ripa tunc quidem recedentes, maluerunt mori quam cedere, incessanti conatu sagittarum transmittere volentibus obsistentes.

But the Turks, even then retiring from the bank, preferred to die rather than give way, opposing those who wished to cross by an incessant effort of arrows sent across.

CAP. XXXV. - Monitu Podiensis episcopi pontem superant; commisso praelio bellatores Christi victores redeunt; principem Antiochiae nuntia dura percellunt. [0458B]

CHAPTER 35. - By the warning of the bishop of Poitiers they cross the bridge; with the battle joined the warriors of Christ return victorious; they smite down with harsh blows the messenger of the prince of Antioch. [0458B]

Episcopus Podiensis, qui audita tam gravi contentione magnum praecessit exercitum, videns corda suorum metu fluxa aliquantulum deficere laesione equorum, pectorumque suorum transfixione, sermonem iterat, populumque Dei vivi nomine sic roborat ad defensionem: «Ne timueritis impetum adversariorum; state viriliter, insurgite contra hos canes remordaces. Jam enim hodie pro vobis pugnabit Deus.» Ad haec verba et monita tam praeclari pontificis facta scutorum testudine, tectis galea capitibus, et indutis lorica pectoribus, fortiter pontem penetrant, hostes a ponte retrudentes in fugam convertunt. Alii totum videntes auxilio sibi convenisse exercitum, nimium freti, vada intrantes equis transnatant; [0458C] alii, pedibus vadis repertis, transire aquas properant ex desiderio belli committendi, et ictus percussorum et fundibularios sustinentes, caecoque aggressu Turcos impetentes, et a statione effugantes, in altero fluminis littore sicco consistunt.

The Bishop of Podium, who having heard of so grievous a contention had gone before the great army, seeing the hearts of his men shaken by fear and somewhat failing from the maiming of horses and the piercing of their chests, repeated his speech, and so strengthened the people in the name of the living God for defense: “Do not fear the assault of the adversaries; stand manfully, rise up against these biting dogs. For even now today God will fight for you.” At these words and admonitions of so illustrious a pontiff, forming a shield-testudo, helmets covering their heads, and cuirasses put on their breasts, they bravely entered the bridge, driving the enemies back from the bridge and turning them to flight. Others, seeing that the whole army had come together for their aid, too confident, entering the shallows on horseback swam across; [0458C] others, finding fords on foot, hastened to cross the waters from desire to engage in battle, and enduring the blows of those struck and of the slingers, with a blind onset attacking the Turks and fleeing from their station, stood on the opposite dry bank of the river.

Wido, dapifer regis Franciae, equo et lancea Turcos incurrit; Reinoldus Belvacensis, tiro asperrimus, minime jacula sagittarum curans, in medio hostium lancea et gladio praecurrens, saevissimas strages operatur; miscentur utrinque vehementi impetu agmina fidelium et infidelium et belli sudore fervescunt, caedes et strages operantur. Boemundus, Godefridus, Reymundus, Robertus, Rotgerus, acies et signa bellica diversi coloris pulcherrima moderantur, donec [0458D] Turci equis celerrimis fugam ineuntes Antiochiam reversi sunt, per devexa montium et loca sibi nota viam accelerantes. Christiani victores ab insecutione et plurima strage inimicorum revertentes, neque ulterius hostem insequentes, eo quod nimium proxima moenia Antiochiae viderentur, et omnium gentilium vires in ea confluxissent, juxta fluvium Fernae pernoctarunt; praedas et spolia usquequaque contraxerunt, plurimos de exercitu Petri, quos Turci per Antiochiae regionem diviserant, a vinculis excluserunt.

Wido, the steward of the king of France, charged the Turks on horse and with lance; Reinoldus Belvacensis, a most fierce tyro, caring little for shafts of arrows, rushing forward with lance and sword into the midst of the enemy, wrought the most savage slaughter; on either side the ranks of the faithful and the infidel are mixed by a vehement onslaught and, hot with the sweat of battle, they execute killings and massacres. Boemund, Godfrey, Raymond, Robert, Rotgerus govern the battle line and war-banners of diverse and very fair colors, until [0458D] the Turks, taking flight on the swiftest horses, returned to Antioch, hastening their way over the slopes of the mountains and places known to them. The Christian victors, returning from pursuit and from very great slaughter of foes, and not pursuing the enemy further because the nearest walls of Antioch seemed too near and all the heathen forces had gathered therein, spent the night beside the river Ferna; they gathered plunder and spoil everywhere, and freed very many of Peter’s army, whom the Turks had scattered through the region of Antioch, from bonds.

Haec nuntia sinistra, eventumque suorum in contraria versum, Darsianus princeps et caput civitatis comperiens, vultu dejecto, corde metu contrito, magnis arctatur doloribus; quid acturus sit mente involvens, si sibi eveniat, quod et Solymano in [0459A] amissione verbis Nicaeae evenit. Nec mora, consiliis creberrimis invigilans, escas comportare, arma et vires sociorum congregare sine intermissione studet; portas et moenia fideli custodia munire non cessat.

These ill tidings, and the turning of his men’s fortunes to the contrary, Darsianus, prince and head of the city, learning them, with downcast countenance, his heart crushed with fear, is bound by great sorrows; pondering in his mind what he should do if it should befall him what also befell Solomon in the loss of Nicaea [0459A]. Nor is there delay: keeping watch with very frequent councils, he strives without intermission to bring in provisions, to gather the arms and forces of his allies; he does not cease to fortify the gates and walls with a faithful guard.

CAP. XXXVI. - Iter Antiochiam indicitur; antistes populum alloquitur et per eum qui principes exercitus praecedere, qui extremas custodias observare debeant, ordinantur.

CHAPTER 36. - The march to Antioch is proclaimed; the bishop addresses the people, and by him the commanders of the army who are to go before and who must keep the outermost watches are appointed.

Praeterea illucescente die, dux Godefridus, Boemundus et universi capitanei exercitus exsurgentes, armis et loricis atque galeis rursus induti, iter intermissum ad urbem Antiochiam iterare universos jubent cum omni necessario apparatu, et omni genere armentorum vehiculisque cibariorum, quibus [0459B] tantus opus habeat exercitus. His in unum conglobatis, et viae praeparatis, providus antistes in hunc modum loquitur, dicens: «Viri fratres, et filii dilectissimi, verba, quae ad vos refero, diligenter audite, et attendere vos non pigeat. Urbs Antiochia proxima est, nobisque vicina: quatuor inter hanc et nos sunt milliaria.

Moreover, at dawn, Duke Godefrid, Boemund and all the captains of the army rising up, again clad in arms and loricae and helmets, command everyone to resume the journey interrupted and to march to the city of Antioch with every necessary apparatus, and with every kind of cattle and vehicles of provisions with which the army has so great a need [0459B]. These things having been gathered into one, and the roads prepared, the provident bishop speaks thus, saying: «Men, brothers, and most beloved sons, hear carefully the words which I relate to you, and do not be unwilling to give them heed. The city Antioch is near, and close to us: there are four miles between it and us.

Haec urbs mirifica, et opus nobis inauditum regis Antiochi immanissimis saxis et turribus fundata est, quarum numerus trecentum et sexaginta computantur. In hac Sansadoniam filium regis Darsiani, principem fortissimum, dominari scimus et ammiraldos quatuor nobilissimos et potentissimos, ac si reges essent, ex imperio Darsiani accitos convenisse comperimus, et se suosque prae timore adventus nostri in manu forti praevidisse et [0459C] armasse. Horum nomina sunt: Adorsonius, Copatrix, Rosseleon, Carcornutus, quorum omnium rex et caput et dominus Darsianus esse refertur.

This marvelous city, an unheard-of work for us, was founded by King Antiochus with very huge rocks and towers, the number of which is counted as three hundred and sixty (360). In it we know that Sansadonius, the son of King Darsianus, a most brave prince, rules, and we have learned that four most noble and most powerful admirals, as if they were kings, were summoned from the dominion of Darsianus, and that they, and their people, for fear of our arrival, had entrusted themselves to a strong hand and armed themselves [0459C]. Their names are: Adorsonius, Copatrix, Rosseleon, Carcornutus, of whom all Darsianus is reported to be king and head and lord.

Hi quatuor ammiraldi ex triginta civitatibus, quae in circuitu longe lateque ad Antiochiam pertinentes, regi Darsiano tributariae suberant, quatuor ditiores dono et gratia Darsiani in beneficio tenent, singuli singulas centum castellis. Qua de causa nunc admoniti ab ipso Darsiano, rege Syriae et totius Armeniae, non in modica virtute ad resistendum, et defendendam urbem, dominam harum omnium urbium et regnorum, advenisse perhibentur. Unde et nobis necesse est ut caute et ordinate ambulemus.

These four admirals from thirty cities, which in circuit far and wide pertain to Antioch, were tributary to King Darsianus; four richer ones hold by gift and favor of Darsianus as a benefice, each possessing one hundred castles. For this cause, now admonished by Darsianus himself, king of Syria and of all Armenia, they are reported to have come with no small force to resist and to defend the city, mistress of all these cities and kingdoms. Whence it is necessary for us also to walk cautiously and in orderly fashion.

Sero, ut nostis, commisimus bellum; fatigati sumus; equi exhausti viribus sunt. Godefridus dux, Boemundus, [0459D] Reinardus de Tul, Petrus de Stadeneis, Everhardus de Poisat, Tankradus, Wernerus de Greis, Henricus de Ascha, ad conducendum exercitum in fronte praecedant, factis aciebus; Robertus Flandrensis, Robertusque comes Northmannorum, Stephanus Blesensis, Reymundus comes, Tatinus familiaris imperatoris Constantinopolitani, Adam filius Michaelis, Robertus de Barnavilla, si gratum vobis est consilium, extremas acies equitum et peditum moderantes tueantur.»

Late, as you know, we have undertaken war; we are fatigued; the horses are exhausted of strength. Let Godefridus the duke, Boemundus, [0459D] Reinardus of Tul, Petrus of Stadeneis, Everhardus of Poisat, Tankradus, Wernerus of Greis, Henricus of Ascha, go forward to lead the army in front, the battle-lines having been formed; Robert of Flanders, and Robert the count of the Normans, Stephanus of Blesensis, Reymundus the count, Tatinus, a familiar of the Emperor of Constantinople, Adam son of Michael, Robert of Barnavilla, if the counsel pleases you, guard and watch over the outermost ranks of horse and foot, moderating and protecting them.

CAP. XXXVII. - Antiochiam pervenientes quid egerint, et quantus aestimatus sit exercitus Dei.

CHAPTER 37. - On arriving at Antioch what they did, and how great the army of God was estimated.

Hoc itaque consilio cunctis ab antistite et caeteris viris astutis ordinatis, regia via usque ad ipsos muros [0460A] horribiles Antiochiae unanimiter in splendore clypeorum coloris aurei, viridis, rubei, cujusque generis, et in signis erectis auro distinctis omni opere ostreo visu decoris, in equis bello aptissimis, in loricis et galeis splendidissimis proficiscuntur, tabernacula potenter extendentes juxta locum, qui dicitur Altalon. Illic pomaria et arbores diversi generis in securi et ascia succisas exstirpaverunt, terram protentis papilionibus occupantes. His locatis, certatim indulgent operi ciborum, cornibus mille et mille perstrepentes, praedis et pabulis equorum undique insistentes, quorum fragor et strepitus usque ad terminum milliaris ferme posse audiri referebatur.

By this plan, then, with all things arranged by the bishop and the other shrewd men, they set out by the royal road even to the very walls [0460A] of dreadful Antioch, unanimous in the splendour of shields of golden, green, red color and of every sort, and with standards raised and marked with gold and altogether bedecked in purple for a sight of beauty, on horses most fit for war, in cuirasses and helms most splendid; powerfully pitching their tents beside the place called Altalon. There they uprooted orchards and trees of diverse kinds, felled by axe and hatchet, occupying the ground with outstretched pavilions. These put in place, they eagerly applied themselves to the work of provisioning, horns blaring a thousand and a thousand, setting forth forage and fodder for the horses everywhere, the din and clamor of which was reported to be able to be heard almost to the limit of a mile.

Nec mirum, cum numerus tanti exercitus sexcentis millibus virorum pugnatorum ab universis procul dubio [0460B] computetur, absque sexu femineo et pueris sequentibus, quorum millia plurima esse videbantur. In hoc Christianorum adventu et obsidione recenti, illo die tanto silentio urbs conquievit, ut nec sonus nec strepitus ab urbe audiretur et vacua civitas a defensoribus crederetur, cum feta nimis armis et gentilium copiis in omnibus turribus et praesidiis redundasset.

Nor is it strange, since the number of so great an army is by all reckoned without doubt at six hundred thousand fighting men [0460B], excluding the female sex and the boys following, whose thousands seemed very great. At this coming and recent siege of the Christians, on that day the city rested in such silence that neither sound nor noise was heard from the city and the city was believed to be empty by its defenders, it having overflowed, too laden with arms and with the forces of the gentiles in all its towers and garrisons.

CAP. XXXVIII. - Descriptio qualiter obsessa sit urbs.

CHAPTER 38. - Description of how the city was besieged.

Dies quartae feriae illuxit, quando ingressi sunt terram Antiochiae, et muros ejus obsederunt. Hac die Tankradus primus secus Altalon sedem ponit. Juxta hunc Rotgerus de Barnavilla socius augetur; Adam, filius Michaelis, juxta cum suis sequacibus [0460C] ordinatur, ne in hac parte Turcis aliqua necessaria inferrentur.

The fourth day dawned, when they entered the territory of Antioch and beset its walls. On that day Tankradus first took up his seat beside Altalon. Beside him Rotgerus of Barnavilla, an associate, was augmented; Adam, son of Michael, was placed nearby with his followers [0460C], so that on this side the Turks might not be supplied with any necessities.

Ad portam vero quae respicit ad Persidem plagam, ubi juga montium deficere incipiunt, Boemundus cum robustorum manu locum occupat, ibique firmato praesidio, tutus morabatur. Tatinus vero familiaris imperatoris, aliquantulum remotus ab urbe, in campo, Combrus nomine, tentorium fixit, semper fugae intentus. Ante eumdem Tatinum Baldewinus, comes Hamaicorum, sedem posuit cum sua manu.

At the gate, however, which looks toward the Persian region, where the ridges of the mountains begin to fail, Boemundus with a hand of the robust occupied the place, and there, with the garrison made firm, he remained safe. Tatinus, however, a familiar of the emperor, somewhat removed from the city, in the field called Combrus, pitched a tent, always intent on flight. Before that same Tatinus Baldwin, count of the Hamaeans, placed his seat with his own hand.

Robertus dehinc Northmannorum comes, et Robertus Flandrensis ad obsidendos muros cum omni sua militia ordinantur. Stephanus Blesensis pariter ad cingendam urbem juxta praedictos principes suo sedit in ordine. Hugo Magnus, regis Franciae Philippi frater, similiter cum suis [0460D] sociis ad hanc obsidionem consedit.

Robert, then count of the Northmen, and Robert of Flanders were mustered to besiege the walls with all their militia. Stephen of Blois likewise, to invest the city alongside the aforesaid princes, sat in order with his following. Hugh Magnus, brother of King Philip of France, likewise with his [0460D] companions took his place in this siege.

Urbs haec Antiochia, ut aiunt, ad plenum duo milliaria continet in longitudine, unum et semis in latitudine: quam praefluit amnis praefatus Farfar, muris et turribus occupatus, quorum quarumque munitio et opus usque in supercilium montis extenditur, ubi principalior arx et magistra urbis et omnium turrium fundata praeeminet. In circuitu hujus arcis quatuor insuperabiles turres positae ob custodiam mediae arcis in medio sedentis referuntur, quarum praefati ammiraldi semper custodes et defensores regis Darsiani attitulati sunt.

This city Antioch, as they say, contains fully two miles in length, and one and a half in breadth: through which the river aforesaid, Farfar, runs, the city being occupied with walls and towers, the fortification and works of each of which extend even to the brow of the mountain, where a principal citadel, founded as the mistress of the city and of all the towers, rises prominent. Around this citadel four unconquerable towers are moreover reported to be set for the guardianship of the middle citadel seated in the midst, of which the aforesaid admirals have always been styled the guardians and defenders of King Darsian.

CAP. XXXIX. - Item de eadem re.

CHAPTER 39. - Also concerning the same matter.

Adhuc ad ipsam Antiochiam obsidendam, quam [0461A] tam spatiosam audistis, ad portam, quae dicitur a modernis Warfaru, quae insuperabilis est, ipse antistes assidet, sociato sibi comite Reymundo, cum quibus provinciales et Vascones, et omnes sequaces eorum consederunt. In loco ulteriore, ubi postea pons ex navium copulatione constructus est, Godefridus dux super ripam fluminis, portam unam civitatis cum universis millibus Lotharingis, Saxonibus, Alemannis, Bawaris gladio saevissimis obsidet. Cum duce eodem Reinardus de Tul, Petrus de Stadeneis, qui Mamistrae a Baldewino, fratre ducis, sequestrati, ad exercitum et ducem redierant; Cuno etiam de Monte acuto, Henricus de Ascha, fraterque ejus Godefridus, milites semper hostibus infestissimi, ad prohibendum Turcis introitum et egressum pariter [0461B] consederunt.

Still, to besiege Antioch itself, which [0461A] you have heard is so spacious, at the gate which the moderns call Warfaru, which is impregnable, the bishop himself sat, having associated the count Raymond with him, with whom provincials and Vascones, and all their followers took their stations. In a further place, where afterwards a bridge was constructed from the joining of ships, Godfrey the duke, upon the river bank, besieged one gate of the city with all the thousands of Lotharingians, Saxons, Alemanni, and Bavarians with the most savage sword. With that same duke were Reinard of Toul and Peter of Stadenays, who, having been detained at Mamistra by Baldwin, the duke’s brother, had returned to the army and the duke; and Cuno also of Monte Acuto, Henry of Ascha, and his brother Godfrey, soldiers ever most hostile to the enemies, took their stations likewise to prevent the Turks’ entrance and egress alike [0461B].

His ferventior et major incumbebat labor.

A more fervent and greater toil pressed upon them.

CAP. XL. - De ponte fluminis, ad cujus destructionem machinae exquisitae componuntur.

CHAPTER 40. - On the bridge of the river, for the destruction of which exquisite machines are constructed.

Super hunc amnem praedictum, qui longissimo alveo usque in mare protenditur, praeterlabens muros, ab ipsa urbe pons porrigitur lapideus, opus antiquum, sed minime turritum, qui prorsus terminata legione, hac ex parte inobsessus remansit. Per hunc siquidem pontem saepius Turci egrediebantur, et necessaria, vidente exercitu, cum suis erumpentes et remeantes inferebant, et populum Jesu Christi per regiones et montana dispersum ad quaerendum victum vel pabula equorum, eodem ponte emissi [0461C] frequenter, illius dispersione comperta, trucidabant. Similiter ab ipsa porta Warfaru, quam praesul Reymerus Reymundusque observabant, pons alius etiam infestus, ingenio antiquorum fundatus, porrigitur trans paludem quamdam, satis lutulentam et profundissimam ex impetu et inundatione assidui fontis, juxta urbem extra muros emanantis.

Over this river aforesaid, which stretches in a very long channel even to the sea, skirting the walls, from the city itself a stone bridge is extended, an ancient work, but by no means turretted, which, the legion having been utterly cut off, on this side remained unbesieged. Indeed, the Turks used to go out frequently by this very bridge, and bringing in and out their necessaries, with the army looking on, they sallied forth with their people and returned; and those sent out over the same bridge to seek food or fodder for horses, the people of Jesus Christ scattered through the regions and mountains, were often, [0461C] their dispersion discovered, slaughtered. Likewise from the very gate Warfaru, which the bishops Reymerus and Reymundus watched, another hostile bridge, built by the ingenuity of the ancients, is stretched across a certain marsh, sufficiently muddy and very deep from the impulse and inundation of a constant spring issuing near the city outside the walls.

Per hunc pontem interdum exercitui insidiarum oblito, aut in die aut in noctis obscuro egredientes Turci sagittas intorquebant, aut in impetu aliquos gladio percutiebant, subitoque recursu per eumdem pontem in urbis praesidium evadebant. Cujus pontis infestationem episcopus et omnis primatus conquerentes, inito consilio, ad ejus destructionem conspiraverunt, ac die statuto cum instrumento malleorum ferreorum, [0461D] cum ligonibus et securibus a castris exierunt. Sed nequaquam vis eorum in hujus pontis destructione praevaluit.

Across this bridge, when the army was off its guard, whether by day or in the darkness of night, the Turks, as they sallied forth, would hurl arrows, or in a rush strike some with the sword, and with a sudden retreat would make escape back over the same bridge into the city’s defence. The bishop and the whole primacy, lamenting the infestation of that bridge, having formed a plan, conspired for its destruction, and on a fixed day with instruments of iron hammers, [0461D] with mattocks and axes went forth from the camp. But by no means did their force prevail in the destruction of this bridge.

Erat enim opus insolubile antiquorum caementis et ingeniis fundatum. Hinc frustrato in conamine malleorum exercitu, machinam, ex strue lignorum et vimineo opere intextam, componere principes decreverunt: cujus ligaturas ferro fabricatas et connexas, coriis equinis, taurinis, camelinis operuerunt, ne igne cum pice et sulphure injecto, a Turcis combureretur. Hanc vero perfectam usque ad medium pontem ad portam Warfaru vi loricatorum deducentes, Reymundum comitem, custodem et magistrum machinae constituerunt.

For it was a work indissolubly founded in the masonry and engines of the ancients. Whereupon, their attack of hammers having failed, the leaders resolved to construct a machina woven of a piling of timbers and wickerwork: the bindings of which, made and fastened with iron, they covered with horse, bull, and camel hides, lest, with fire injected with pitch and sulphur, it should be burned by the Turks. This completed machina they brought as far as the middle of the bridge to the Warfaru gate by the force of the loricati, and appointed Count Reymundus its guardian and master.

CAP. XLI. - Congressio valida pontis, ubi machina Christianorum in favillam redigitur, et instaurantur alia instrumenta. [0462A]

CHAPTER 41. - A violent collision of the bridge, where the Christians' machine is reduced to embers, and other instruments are restored. [0462A]

Turci, hac visa structura, ad moenia contendentes, sagittis et mangenarum jactu in ponte luctantes feriunt Gallos, quatenus percussos a ponte et machina arcere valerent. Similiter ex adverso Christiani in sagittis et baleari arcu resistentes, fortiter hostes in moenibus impugnant, quousque filium cujusdam ammiraldi sagitta transjecur perfodiunt. Illius vero interitu et fidelium repugnatione Turci indignati, ampliore ira fervescunt; et tandem in unum collecto robore suorum, repente portam aperientes, egressi viriliter machinam assiliunt, custodibus subito instant et expugnant; ignem piceasque faces et sulphureum fomentum fortiter machinae ingerunt, [0462B] totam eam in favillam redigentes.

The Turks, seeing this structure, hastening to the walls, striking the Franks on the bridge with arrows and the casting of mangonels, as far as they were able to keep those struck off the bridge and the machine at bay. Likewise, Christians from the opposite side, resisting with arrows and Balearic bows, stoutly attack the enemies on the walls, until an arrow pierces and slays the son of a certain admiral. At his death and by reason of the faithful ones’ resistance the Turks, enraged, boil over with increased wrath; and at last, their strength gathered together, suddenly opening the gate, they issue forth manfully, fall fiercely upon the machine, press the guards and capture it; they thrust into the machine fire and pitchy torches and sulphurous tinder, [0462B] reducing the whole thing to embers.

Custodes autem machinae periculum vitae suae metuentes, licet inviti, exire coguntur in fugam praecipites, vix defensi et elapsi. Peregrinorum itaque milites et principes hac arte nihil se proficere videntes, sequenti die instrumenta trium mangenarum (Franci barbicales vocant) opponunt ponti, quae portam Warfaru et turrim portae ejusque moenia crebro jactu et impetu saxorum quaterent et attererent, murosque exteriores, qui erant ante murale, in plurima frusta minuerent. Sed nec sic in contritione portae valuerunt.

The guards of the machine, fearing the peril of their lives, although unwilling, are forced to go out in headlong flight, scarcely defended and having escaped. Therefore the soldiers and chiefs of the foreigners, seeing that by this device they profited nothing, on the following day set the instruments of three mangana (the Franks call them barbicales) against the bridge, which by frequent hurling and the impetus of stones battered and wore down the gate of Warfaru and the gate’s tower and its fortifications, and reduced the outer walls, which lay before the rampart, into many fragments. But not even thus were they able to bring about the breaking of the gate.

Cum vero nihil proficerent, quadam die ex communi consilio robora arborea ingentia vixque mobilia, et saxa mobilia miri ponderis ac magnitudinis, in virtute et conatu mille [0462C] loricatorum trans pontem portae advolverunt, impedimento Turcis exire et nocere volentibus.

But when they availed nothing, one day by common counsel they rolled across the gate-bridge huge and scarcely movable tree-trunks, and movable stones of wondrous weight and size, by the force and exertion of a thousand [0462C] loricati, to hinder the Turks who wished to go out and do harm.

CAP. XLII. - De navali ponte fidelium ad evitandas Turcorum insidias.

CHAPTER 42. - On the naval bridge of the faithful for avoiding the ambushes of the Turks.

Ex his ambobus pontibus cum plurima damna et incursiones exercitui Christianorum ingruerent, sed nunc porta et ponte Warfaru robore lignorum et saxis immanissimis occupato et obstructo, frequentius ex eo ponte, quem in altera parte civitatis trans fluvium Farfar locatum diximus, de quo Turcorum egressus erat, et qui prae urbis amplitudine inobsessus remanserat, insidiae fierent ad perdendos fideles, pontem ex navibus componi constituerunt in funium retinaculis, per quem ad portum Simeonis [0462D] eremitae liberum iter haberent: nam antea lento navigio ex utraque ripa exspectantes singulatim et tarde transibant. Nunc vero hac de causa pons iste navalis constructus est, ut egressis Turcis per pontem lapideum Farfar in insidias Christianorum, per hunc ligneum pontem Galli festinanter occurrentes, suis subvenirent a portu maris escas afferentibus, et Turcos sine mora repellerent. A ponte lapideo praedicti fluminis usque ad pontem navium funibus vimineis cratibus aptatum, dimidium milliare computatur.

Since from these two bridges very great losses and incursions fell upon the Christian army, but now the gate and the Warfaru bridge having been occupied and blocked with the strength of timber beams and very huge stones, ambushes were more frequently made from that bridge, which we said was located on the other side of the city across the river Farfar, from which the Turks had sallied forth, and which by reason of the city’s greatness had remained unbesieged, to destroy the faithful; they resolved that a bridge of ships be composed with rope fastenings, by which they might have a free way to the port of Simeon the hermit [0462D]: for before, waiting in a slow boat from each bank, they crossed singly and slowly. Now therefore for this reason this naval bridge was constructed, so that with the Turks having gone out over the stone bridge Farfar into the Christians’ ambushes, the Franks, hastening to meet them by this wooden bridge, might succor their own men by bringing food from the sea port, and drive back the Turks without delay. From the stone bridge of the said river to the bridge of ships fitted with wicker crates and ropes is reckoned half a mile.

CAP. XLIII. - Qualiter Turci Christianos, ad equorum pabula missos, clam invaserint.

CHAPTER 43. - How the Turcs, Christians having been sent to the horses' fodder, secretly invaded.

Ponte autem ex navium collectione et conjunctione [0463A] perfecto, Christiani tam milites quam pedites quadani die trecenti transmeant fluvium Farfar ad quaerenda pabula equorum et victui necessaria. Quod Turci agnoscentes, et a moenibus speculantes, per pontem urbis lapideum raptim sociis collectis, armis et pharetris sumptis, in equo pariter exeuntes, ex improviso adsunt Christianis in tergo ad pabula missis, quorum plurima corpora, amputatis capitibus, humi prostrata reliquerunt; caeteros vero, quibus fugiendi facultas erat, usque ad novum pontem insequuntur: felices, qui tam crudeles hostes evadere potuerunt. Alii ad vada contendentes, undis involuti suffocantur a facie Turcorum fugientes, quibus pons novus prae multitudine transeuntium negabatur.

But when the bridge made by the collection and joining of ships [0463A] was completed, Christians, both horsemen and footmen, on the third day crossed the river Farfar to seek fodder for their horses and provisions necessary for sustenance. The Turks, perceiving this and watching from the walls, hastily gathering associates by the city’s stone bridge, having taken up arms and quivers, and likewise going out on horseback, suddenly came upon the Christians who had been sent to the pastures in the rear; many of whose bodies, having been beheaded, they left prostrate on the ground; they pursued the others, who had opportunity to flee, as far as the new bridge: fortunate are those who were able to escape such cruel enemies. Others, hastening to the shallows, enveloped by the waves, are drowned while fleeing from the face of the Turks, to whom the new bridge was denied because of the multitude of those crossing.

CAP. XLIV. - Fideles, in ultionem suorum consurgentes, post mutuam caedem partim gladiis consumpti, partim in flumine submersi sunt. [0463B]

CHAPTER 44. - The faithful, rising up for the vengeance of their own, after the mutual slaughter were partly slain by swords, partly submerged in the river. [0463B]

Hoc tam grave infortunium ad proceres exercitus ut est perlatum, ad quinque fere millia armati, complures lorica induti, et equis insidentes e tentoriis advolant ad reprimendos hostes temerarios. Henricus filius Fredelonis de Ascha castello, avidus hostes insequi, sicut erat bello et actis nominatissimus, trans fluvium equo natavit, licet e lorica et galea clypeoque gravatus: nam transitum navalis pontis prae longa mora exspectare nequiverat; caput vero hujus temere vada intrantis cum equo, fluctus profundissimi operuerunt. Attamen, Deo protegente, cujus gratia vitam opponebat periculo, [0463C] vivens et sospes in equo adhuc residens, cum caeteris transnatantibus siccum littus recepit, et in persecutione Turcorum nimium perdurans, usque ad ipsum pontem socies equites et pedites imperterritus insequi adhortatur.

This so grievous misfortune, as has been reported, brought the chiefs of the army to nearly five thousand armed men, several clad in lorica, and, mounting horses, they hastened from the tents to repress the rash enemies. Henricus, son of Fredelonus of the castle of Ascha, eager to pursue the enemies, as he was most famed in war and deeds, swam across the river on horseback, although weighed down by lorica and galea and clypeo: for he could not endure to wait for the crossing of the naval bridge because of the long delay; indeed the head of him rashly entering the ford with his horse was overwhelmed by the very deepest waves. Yet, God protecting, by whose grace he opposed his life to peril, [0463C] living and safe still remaining on his horse, he, with others swimming across, reached the dry shore, and, persevering too much in the pursuit of the Turks, he exhorts his comrades, horse and foot, to pursue undaunted even to the very bridge.

Turci itaque alii retenti, alii vix elapsi, socios qui erant ad pontem Farfar et in porta conglobati, ad auxilium sibi magno fragore vociferantes, exierunt, equosque ad frena in exitu et fremitu subvenientium rejicientes, Gallos hactenus se infestantes in fugam gravissimam retulerunt usque ad ipsum pontem, quem ex navibus composuerunt. Hac remordatione et inundatione Turcorum gravissima, et celeri fuga et reversione Christianorum ad pontem, plurimi pedites interierunt, a Turcis sagitta confixi. Plures post terga [0463D] mortem momentaneam videntes, sola aqua liberari sperantes, undis profundi fluminis inferuntur: quorum non modica pars ab amne submersa et suffocata periclitari et mori visa est.

The Turks, therefore, some held back, others scarcely escaped, sallied forth—those allies who had been gathered at the Farfar bridge and at the gate, shouting loudly for aid—and, casting their horses back to the reins amid the exit and the neighing of those coming to help, they drove the Gauls, who hitherto had been harrying them, into a most grievous flight as far as the very bridge which they had set up from the ships. By this severe counterstroke and inundation of the Turks, and by the swift flight and return of the Christians to the bridge, very many footmen perished, transfixed by Turkish arrows. More, seeing death imminent at their backs [0463D] and hoping to be freed only by water, were swept under by the waves of the deep river: a not small part of them seemed to be submerged by the stream and to perish by suffocation.

Alii vero e ponte prae pressura fugientium cum ipsis equis et galeis ac loricis corruebant, qui submersi undis et exstincti, non ultra reperti sunt.

Others, however, from the bridge, crushed by the pressure of those fleeing, fell together with their horses and with their helmets and loricas; submerged by the waves and destroyed, they were no longer found.

CAP. XLV. - Custodia portae pacto pecuniae Tankrado mandatur.

CHAPTER 45. - The custody of the gate is entrusted to Tankrad by a pact of money.

Sic Turcis saepe a ponte hoc et a porta per quam postea urbs est tradita, quae sursum in montanis sita exitum praebebat, ad nocendum populis egredientibus, principes exercitus consilium inierunt, quatenus Tankradus illic locato praesidio [0464A] custodiam ageret, et ab utraque porta Turcos egredi audentes repente reprimeret; hacque pro custodia per singulos menses in conventione quadraginta marcas argenti ab exercitu reciperet. Qui dum die quadam in praesidio in montanis locato, juxta aras Turcorum custodiam ageret trans fluvium Farfar, eo scilicet in loco, quo longe ab urbe fere semi milliare profluit, Turcos, sicuti erant soliti, vada transeuntes fortiter incurrit, atque cum eis praelio commisso, tandem praevalens, quatuor ex Turcis gladio occidit, caeteros trans flumen in fugam convertit usque ad locum, quo armenta illorum herbis pascebantur. His ultra flumen fugatis, praedam de armentis cum camelo uno abduxit, et ad praesidium novum, quod firmaverat, in victoria hac reversus [0464B] est.

Thus the leaders of the army devised against the Turks, who often from this bridge and from the gate through which afterward the city was surrendered — which gate, situated above on the mountains, afforded an exit — used to issue forth to harm the peoples, that Tankradus should there, with a garrison stationed, keep the custody [0464A], and should suddenly check the Turks daring to sally out from either gate; and for this custody he should receive by agreement from the army forty marks of silver for each month. Now while he was one day keeping watch in the garrison placed on the mountains, guarding the ford of the Turks across the river Farfar, namely at that place where it runs about half a mile from the city, he fell upon the Turks, as they were wont, crossing the shallows, and, having joined them in battle, at last prevailing, he slew four of the Turks with the sword, put the rest to flight across the river as far as the place where their herds were grazing on the grasses. With these driven beyond the river he led away plunder from the herds with one camel, and returned in this victory to the new garrison which he had strengthened [0464B].

CAP. XLVI. - De clerico et matrona, qui dum aleis luderent, insidiose perempti sunt.

CHAPTER 46. - Of the cleric and the matron, who, while they played at dice, were treacherously slain.

His duabus portis, una versus montana, altera ad pontem lapideum Tankradi custodia observatis, et Christiano exercitu sedato, atque a rebus bellicis aliquantulum securo, aliquibus sociis interdum aleis prae otio intendentibus, contigit quodam die filium comitis Conradi de Lutzelemburg, Adelberonem nomine, clericum et archidiaconum Metensis Ecclesiae, juvenem nobilissimum de regio sanguine, et proximum Henrici III Romanorum Augusti, alearum ludo pariter recreari et occupari cum matrona quadam, quae magnae erat ingenuitatis ac formositatis, in viridario pomiferis arboribus et herbarum abundantia [0464C] plenissimo, et silva quae juxta sedem et eamdem portam urbis habebatur, quam dux Godefridus et Teutonicorum comitatus obsidione premebat. His, ut dictum est, otio et ludo intentis, Turci solliciti insidiarum et necis Christianorum, clam e porta procedunt; et caute se abscondentes inter altam et supereminentem herbam arborumque densitatem, archidiaconum et sibi colludentem matronam, subito clamore nescios et obstupefactos incurrunt, sagittis infigentes, sociosque, qui judices ad ludum convenerant, jam prae timore oblitos alearum, dispergunt et vulnerant. Et ipsius quidem archidiaconi caput amputatum per portam, raptim et in momento hoc facto, repedantes secum detulerunt; matronam vero vivam et intactam armis rapientes [0464D] traxerunt in urbem, per totam noctem immoderatae libidinis suae incesto concubitu eam vexantes, nihilque humanitatis in eam exhibentes.

With these two gates, one facing the mountains, the other toward the stone bridge kept by Tankradus, and the Christian army settled and somewhat free from martial affairs, some companions at times occupied with dice-games for pastime, it happened on a certain day that the son of Count Conrad of Lutzelemburg, named Adelbero, a cleric and archdeacon of the Church of Metz, a most noble youth of royal blood and near kinsman of Henry 3, Emperor of the Romans, was being refreshed and occupied with gaming together with a certain matron, who was of great birth and beauty, in a green enclosure [0464C] abounding with fruit trees and herbs, and in the wood which was held next to the seat and that same gate of the city, which Duke Godfrey and the county of the Teutonic peoples were pressing with siege. These, as has been said, intent upon leisure and play, the Turks, anxious for ambushes and the slaughter of Christians, stealthily issued forth from the gate; and, cunningly hiding themselves amid the tall and towering grass and the thickness of trees, they suddenly rushed upon the unsuspecting archdeacon and the matron playing with him, with a shout, thrusting in arrows, and scattered and wounded the companions, who had come as witnesses to the game and were already forgetful of the dice through fear. And indeed they severed the archdeacon’s head and, having done this quickly in a moment, bore it away with them through the gate; but they seized the matron alive and unharmed, dragged her into the city [0464D], and throughout the whole night violated her with incestuous intercourse of immoderate lust, showing nothing of humanity toward her.

Tandem tam abominabili et sceleratissima plurimorum commistione abusam ad moenia deducentes, capitali sententia peremerunt; caput vero illius continuo mangenellis suis imponentes, una cum capite archidiaconi procul a muris in medios projecerunt campos. Amborum itaque capita inventa duci Godefrido allata sunt et monstrata, qui archidiaconi recognito capite sepulcrum corporis illius jam inhumati jussit aperiri, et caput proprio loco restitui, ne tam nobilissimi viri membra remanerent insepulta.

Tandem, having been led to the walls after being abused by so abominable and most criminal a mingling of many, they were put to death by capital sentence; their assailants immediately placing his head upon their mangonels, and together with the head of the archdeacon flinging them far from the walls into the middle fields. The heads of both, therefore, having been found, were brought to and shown to Duke Godefridus, who, the archdeacon’s head having been recognized, ordered the tomb of his body, already buried, to be opened, and that the head be restored to its proper place, lest the limbs of so very noble a man remain unburied.

CAP. XLVII. - De milite propria incuria prostrato, et de pomario, quod fidelibus nocuum succiditur. [0465A]

CHAPTER 47. - Concerning the soldier prostrated by his own negligence, and concerning the orchard which is felled as harmful to the faithful. [0465A]

Dehinc alio die Turci successu suae fraudis gaudentes, et similem deceptionem adhuc Christianis se inferre arbitrantes, a porta egressi, et inter scirporum densitatem fragilesque calamos palustris loci clanculum accedentes, peregrinis quibusdam in praedicto pomario insurrexerunt solita feritate et vociferatione; sed a militibus subvenientibus retrusi et in fugam coacti sunt. Nullus quidem ab his percussus tunc aut vulneratus est praeter Arnolphum de Tyrs castello, qui eques semper bello fervidus fuit et providus; licet nunc incautus sine tegmine scuti et indumento ferri ad clamorem peregrinorum subito in pomarium contenderit. Ubi a caeco et volatili [0465B] telo sagittae cujusdam Turci lethali vulnere transfixus, mortuus est.

Then on another day the Turks, rejoicing in the success of their fraud, and thinking to inflict a like deception upon the Christians still, went forth from the gate, and, stealing secretly among the thicket of reeds and the frail canes of the marshy place, rose upon certain pilgrims in the aforesaid orchard with their accustomed ferocity and shouting; but they were driven back by the soldiers coming to their aid and put to flight. None indeed of them was struck or wounded then except Arnolph of the castle of Tyrs, who as a knight had always been fervent and provident in war; yet now, unguarded without the covering of his shield and the defensive garment, he at the cry of the pilgrims suddenly hurried into the orchard. Where, by a blind and flying [0465B] shaft of a certain Turk transfixed with a lethal wound, he died.

Dux ergo suique contubernales moleste ferentes a pomario hoc Turcos insidias Christianis moliri, et tam egregios viros illic in dolo cecidisse, decreverunt ut in ferramentis et securibus Christiani de exercitu convenientes, hoc radicitus exstirparent, herbas, scirpos et calamos meterent, ne qua fraudulenta manus illic ultra latere aut nocere posset. Turci enim dolositates suas hac in porta, et ab hac porta populum Dei viventis praecavere videntes, rursus per portam Farfar exeuntes, invigilabant perditioni peregrinorum per pontem navium transmeantium, lignorum sarmenta comportantium, herbas et pabula equorum quaerentium; et quotquot a specula montis hac [0465C] et illac pro necessariis rebus vagari conspiciebant, illico insequentes gladiis et sagittis interemerunt.

Therefore the leader and his tent-companions, taking it ill that from this orchard the Turks were plotting ambushes against Christians, and that so eminent men there had fallen by guile, resolved that, meeting with the army’s iron tools and axes, they should root this out utterly, cutting the herbs, reeds and canes, lest any deceitful hand thereafter lie hidden or be able to harm. For the Turks, having set their deceits at this gate, and seeing that by this gate they had foiled the people of the living God, were again going out by the Farfar gate, keeping watch for the perdition of pilgrims crossing the bridge of ships, bringing bundles of wood, seeking herbs and fodder for horses; and as many as from the mountain watch here [0465C] and there they observed roaming for necessary things, immediately pursuing them they killed with swords and arrows.

CAP. XLVIII. - De Hugone comite, qui fidelium neces dolens, Turcorum fraudibus prudenter occurrit.

CHAPTER 48. - Of Count Hugh, who, grieving the slaughter of the faithful, prudently opposed the Turks' frauds.

Cum vero haec caedes, insidiae, incursiones, mane, meridie, vespere, singulis diebus fierent, et quotidiana lamenta super occisis audirentur in castris, nec Tankradus toties hostibus occurrere valeret prae diversis opinionibus hostilis fraudis, et eo ignorante saepe ab urbe per pontem erumperent, Hugo comes de S. Paulo ex regno Franciae, motus est pietate super hac quotidiana strage fidelium, sibi caeterisque potentibus famulantium, et res [0465D] necessarias afferentium. Unde filium suum Engelradum, tironem armis agilem, paterna suggestione admonuit ut et caeteros sibi familiares, quatenus in una voluntate secum accensi, pauperes suos atque confratres Christianos a tot Turcorum caedibus et assultibus liberare et ulcisci velint, et absterrere toties insequentes hostes. His factis, et voluntariis inventis, ipse grandaevus pater primus arma et equum requirens, ascendit, pontemque navium in noctis umbra transiens, juxta montana in latibulo vallis cum dilectissimo filio et secum assumptis sociis occultatus, summo mane peditem Christianum reliquit in campestri planitie, ubi Turcorum oculis manifeste pateret.

But when these slaughters, ambushes, raids were happening morning, midday, and evening, on every single day, and daily laments over the slain were heard in the camp, and Tankradus could not so often meet the enemies because of the various stratagems of the foe, and, oftentimes without his knowledge, they would break out of the city across the bridge, Hugo, count of S. Paul, from the kingdom of France, was moved by pity at this daily massacre of the faithful, those serving him and other powerful men, and those bringing the necessary things. Wherefore he admonished his son Engelrad, a young recruit nimble in arms, by fatherly exhortation, that he and the other household followers, insofar as kindled together in one will with him, should be willing to free their poor and their Christian brethren from so many slaughters and assaults of the Turks, and to avenge them, and to frighten off the pursuing enemies so often. These things done, and volunteers found, the very old father himself first seeking arms and a horse, mounting, crossing the bridge of ships in the shadow of night, hid with his most beloved son and the companions taken with him in a mountain-side covert of the valley; at earliest dawn he left a Christian footsoldier on the open plain, where he lay openly exposed to the eyes of the Turks.

Turci itaque non immemores suae crudelitatis et caedis Christianae, ab urbe per [0466A] pontem fluvii Farfar rursus procedentes, in montis vertice, sicuti soliti erant, consistunt, de quo a montanis ad montana per camporum planitiem longe spectacula forme ad duo milliaria dantur. Illic solum peregrinum vagantem, et sarmenta legentem, contemplantes, ad ejus interfectionem velocitate equorum convolant, et subito clamore exterritum usque ad montana et fruteta profugum insectantes, insidias latentium cominus Christianorum praeterierunt. Peregrino vero jam in montibus abscondito, viam remensi sunt hi quatuor Turci juxta Christianorum insidias, fiducialiter redire sperantes.

The Turks therefore, not forgetful of their cruelty and of the Christian slaughter, moving again from the city across the bridge of the river Farfar [0466A], halted on the mountain summit, as they were accustomed; from which, toward the neighboring mountains across the plain of the fields, views extend far, indeed to two miles. There, observing a lone pilgrim wandering and gathering brushwood, they swooped down with the speed of horses for the killing of him, and suddenly, pursuing the frightened fugitive with a shout as far as the mountains and thickets, they passed by the ambushes of the Christians who lay in wait nearby. But with the pilgrim now hidden in the mountains, these four Turks retraced their way along the Christians’ ambushes, hoping confidently to return.

Sed extemplo comes et sui a valle exsurgentes, in eosdem irruerunt equorum velocitate, duos in momento attritos solo relinquentes, equis et [0466B] armis eorum abductis; alios vero duos vitae reservantes vinctos ad exercitum perduxerunt. Concurrunt undique peregrini, nobiles et ignobiles, ad videndos Turcos captivos, gloriam Deo dantes super hoc prospero eventu, laudesque multiplicant comiti Hugoni et filio ejus Engelrado, quorum prudentia et virili audacia tam noxii adversarii capti et attriti sunt.

But immediately the count and his men, rising from the valley, burst upon them with the speed of horses, leaving two in an instant crushed on the ground, their horses and [0466B] arms having been taken; but they led two others, sparing life, bound, to the army. People ran together from every side—pilgrims, nobles and ignoble—to see the Turks captive, giving glory to God for this prosperous event, and they multiplied praises to Count Hugo and his son Engelrad, whose prudence and manly audacity had caused so many harmful adversaries to be captured and struck down.

CAP. XLIX. - Ubi comitis ejus filius Turcorum saevissimum post nonnulla vitae discrimina prosternit, victorque regreditur.

CHAPTER 49. - Where the count's son lays low the most savage of the Turks after some of life's perils, and returns victorious.

Primores vero Turcorum, et omnis manus eorum, audita suorum contritione, doloribus accunt iras; consilia ineunt, quibus in brevi rependant crudeliora damna Christianis in ultione suorum. Unde quidam [0466C] audaciores, animoque ferociores, ex millibus suis electi ad lacessendos Christianos usque ad pontem navium, viginti praemissi sunt in equis vento velocitate similibus. Qui multis et propinquis discursibus in littore juxta pontem praeludentes et sagittas intorquentes, totum post se commovere conati sunt exercitum, ut vires sociorum raptim ex urbe inundantes gravi martyrio aliquos, sicut soliti erant, conturbarent.

But the chiefs of the Turks, and their whole band, having heard of the crushing of their men, with griefs inflamed their wrath; they enter into councils, by which shortly they might repay more cruel damages to the Christians in vengeance for their own. Wherefore certain [0466C] more audacious, and fiercer in spirit, chosen from their thousands to provoke the Christians up to the bridge of ships, twenty were sent forward on horses like in swiftness to the wind. These, by many and near sallies along the shore beside the bridge, skirmishing and hurling arrows, strove to stir the whole army after them, so that, suddenly overflowing from the city and sweeping upon the forces of the allies, they might throw some into grievous martyrdom, as they were wont.

Fideles autem Christi satis et saepius experti fallacias illorum, compescuerunt ab insecutione temeraria populum. Sed ne eos taedio belli victos assererent, Engelradum filium praedicti Hugonis cum quibusdam sociis obviam Turcis praemiserunt, qui etiam suo more equos in discursionibus flectentes, [0466D] dolosos hostes mutuo conflictu fallere tentarent. Nec mora, pontem transeuntes, equos vexant huc et illuc diversis inter se discursibus; et hi alterna infestatione hastas dirigunt ad feriendum, hi sagittas intorquent ad configendum.

The faithful of Christ, having often and sufficiently experienced their fallacies, restrained the people from rash pursuit. But lest they be said to have been overcome by weariness of war, they sent Engelrad, son of the aforesaid Hugo, with certain companions to meet the Turks, who likewise, after their custom bending horses in skirmishes, [0466D] tried by mutual clash to deceive the treacherous enemies. Nor was there delay: crossing the bridge, they spur their horses hither and thither in varied courses among themselves; and some, by alternate assault, point spears to strike, others whirl arrows to fix (their wounds).

Postremo post plurimam cursuum contentionem, honor et laus victoriae Engelrado, Deo auxiliante, collata est. Nam Turcum caeteris insigniorem et saeviorem cursu exsuperans, in conspectu patris sui et omnium, qui convenerant ad perspiciendum rei eventum, altero in littore constituti, equo dejiciens, hasta perfodit, caeterosque illius casu et infortunio concussos, et mox in fugam versos, cum Christianis sodalibus acriter insecutus est, sed non longe a ponte idque propter insidias saepius ab urbe occurrentes et insequentibus resistentes. Salvo [0467A] abhinc filio recepto aliisque consociis, cor longaevi patris in nimiam erigitur laetitiam, omniumque favore et plausu majorum et minorum, gloriosus juvenis attollitur una cum suis adjutoribus et convictoribus.

Finally, after very many courses of contest, the honor and praise of the victory were bestowed on Engelrad, God assisting. For, surpassing the Turk, more notable and more savage in his course, he unhorsed him who stood on the shore in the sight of his father and of all who had assembled to behold the event, and pierced him with a spear; the rest, shaken by that man’s fall and misfortune and soon turned to flight, he fiercely pursued with Christian comrades, but not far from the bridge, and that because they, frequently meeting from the city by ambush, resisted the pursuers. The son being received safe [0467A] and other associates likewise, the heart of the aged father is raised into excessive joy, and with the favor and applause of all, greater and lesser, the glorious youth is exalted together with his helpers and companions.

CAP. L. - Deficientibus victui necessariis, principes in hoc electi de circumpositis terris praedas innumeras abducunt.

CHAPTER 50. - With necessary provisions failing, the princes chosen for this carry off innumerable plunder from the surrounding lands.

Inter haec assiduitatis ludibria, et creberrimas incursiones, mora aliquanti temporis transacta, populus Dei rebus et escis attenuari coepit, prae defectione urbium et regionum, quas in circuitu tantus exhauserat exercitus. Unde quotidie fame invalescente, et exercitu prae indigentia moriente, praecipue humili populo, miserabiles gemitus et dolores piissimum antistitem et universos principes legionis [0467B] pulsant et sollicitant, quatenus super his miseriis consulant quomodo populus posset sustentari. Nulla tamen via reperta, qua populo subveniretur, visum est omnibus ut in terram Sarracenorum opulentissimam, adhuc praeda intactam, Boemundum, Tankradum et Robertum Flandrensem cum comitatu equitum et peditum mitterent ad contrahendas praedas et necessaria, quibus fames exstingui, et populus ab inopia posset relevari.

Amid these mockeries of assiduity and very frequent incursions, after a delay of some considerable time, the people of God began to be weakened in goods and food, on account of the failing of the towns and regions which so great an army had exhausted in the circuit. Wherefore, with famine daily growing stronger, and the army dying for lack, especially the humble people, miserable groans and pains beat upon and solicit the most pious bishop and all the leaders of the legion [0467B], so that they might take counsel about these miseries how the people could be sustained. No way, however, being found by which help might be given to the people, it seemed to all that they should send into the very opulent land of the Saracens, the booty still untouched, Boemond, Tancred and Robert of Flanders with a company of horse and foot to procure plunder and necessities, by which the famine might be quenched and the people relieved from want.

Tankradus, jam tunc custodia peracta, a montanis ad exercitum reversus fuerat. Boemundus vero et Robertus idemque Tankradus, sicut decretum erat in principio neminem magnum aut parvum contradicere debere, quaecunque imperaret exercitus, quindecim millia peditum, duo equitum electorum, in armis assumentes, regna gentilium [0467C] sub spatio dierum trium ingressi, praedarum et pecorum universique generis armentorum copias inauditas contraxerunt, quas sine impedimento biduo abduxerunt. Sed die tertia vespere superveniente fatigati itinere, et onere rapinarum gravata omnis societas, in campestri planitie juxta montana quiescere decreverunt.

Tankradus, his guard having been completed, had returned from the mountains to the army. Boemundus, however, and Robert, and likewise Tankradus, as it had been decreed at the beginning that no one, great or small, should contradict whatever the army commanded, taking up arms with 15,000 infantry and two chosen horsemen, entered the realms of the Gentiles [0467C] within the space of three days, and amassed unheard-of stores of booty and cattle and herds of every kind, which they carried off without hindrance for two days. But on the third day, evening approaching, weary from the march and the whole company weighed down by the burden of their plunder, they resolved to rest on a plain field beside the mountains.

CAP. LI. - Ubi a gentilibus praeda excutitur.

CHAPTER 51. - Where the booty is taken from the gentiles.

Interea fama et clamor omnium in circuitu regionum ad aures gentilium primatum festinans, a diversis partibus et montanis sedibus tot millia exegit ad persequendum Boemundum, Robertum et populum eorum, et praedas excutiendas, quod dictu et auditu mirabile est. Boemundo siquidem haec ignorante, [0467D] nihilque adversitatis ad futurum existimante, sed secure cum Roberto somniante, prima diei aurora praedicta inimicorum adfuerunt millia, a quibus se suosque sic obsessos viderunt, ac si silvam densissimam ex omni parte decrevisse mirarentur. His visis stupefacti et vitae diffisi, subito in unum convocatis equitibus ad latus suum, bellum se committere, et tot millium vires non posse sustinere profitentur.

Meanwhile fame and the shout of all, hastening round the regions to the ears of the gentile chieftaincy, drew forth from diverse parts and mountain seats so many thousands to pursue Boemund, Robert, and their people, and to strip off the spoils, which is marvelous to tell and hear. With Boemund indeed unaware of these things, [0467D] and thinking no adversity was impending, but secure with Robert sleeping, at the first dawn the foretold thousands of enemies were present, by whom they saw themselves and their people thus beset, as if a very dense wood had sprung up on every side. Seeing these things, stupefied and despairing of life, suddenly having summoned together the horsemen to their side, they declared that to engage in war and to withstand the strength of so many thousands was not possible.

Unde facta scutorum testudine, et densata militum fronte, aditum et fugam explorant, quo rarior et debilior coadunatio visa est. Mox districtis mucronibus et frenis impetu laxatis unanimiter irruentes, obstantes penetrant acies; ac solam fugam meditantes, celeriter ad montana contendunt, relictis desolatis peditibus cum omni collectione praedarum ac spoliorum. [0468A] His per abrupta montium et devia ereptis, plurimis tamen ex eorum sequacibus retentis et attritis, gentilium acies miseros et profugos pedites involverunt, quos gladiis et sagittis consumere non pepercerunt: plures tamen captivantes, armisque exspoliantes, praedas et omnia sibi suisque ablata reducebant.

Whereupon, a testudo of shields having been made, and the soldiers’ front having been packed close, they probe the approach and the flight, whereby the coadunation seemed more rarefied and weakened. Soon, with points drawn and bridles loosened by the force of the charge, they, rushing in unanimity, pierce the opposing ranks; and intending only flight, they swiftly hurry to the mountains, leaving the footsoldiers abandoned with the whole collection of spoils and plunder. [0468A] These, snatched away through the steepness and defiles of the mountains, many nevertheless being held back and worn down by their pursuers, the gentile lines enveloped the wretched and fugitive footsoldiers, whom they did not spare to consume with swords and arrows: yet many, taking captives and despoiling them of arms, were bringing back the booty and all things seized to themselves and theirs.

CAP. LII. - De praeda Roberti comitis, et, invalescente fame, minores quid egerint, vel quid passi sint.

CHAPTER 52. - Concerning the spoil of Count Robert, and, with famine growing strong, what the younger men did, or what they suffered.

Hac miserrima contritione Boemundo disturbato, et ad exercitum et confratres in humilitate lacrymosi vultus relato, luxit populus vehementer, mulieres, juvenes, pueri, patres, matres, fratres et sorores, qui dilectissimos amicos, filios et cognatos amiserant. [0468B] Robertus quidem Flandrensis, qui cum ipso Boemundo in terram Sarracenorum descenderat ad depraedandum, et tunc Boemundo cum copiis suis attrito et in fugam misso, ab eo divisis recesserat licet invitus, sequenti die ducentis equitibus readunatis, Turcis Sarracenisque dispersis et secure gradientibus ex adverso occurrit: cum quibus fortiter dimicans, victoriam gloriose, his in fugam conversis obtinuit, atque cum immensis copiis praedarum, quas illic Turci fugientes reliquerant, ad castra Antiochiae est reversus, multo solamine relevans populum in hac Boemundi calamitate desperatum. Modico dehinc tempore transacto et paucis diebus praeda Roberti consumpta, nec ultra audente aliquo longe ab exercitu praedam quaerere prae crudeli occisione [0468C] Boemundi sociorum, amplior et validior fames in populo coepit multiplicari, et inaestimabilis mortalitas humilis plebis fieri, et exercitus, attenuari.

With Boemund thrown into distress by this most miserable overthrow, and with the news borne to the army and to his confreres in humility and tearful countenances, the people mourned vehemently — women, youths, boys, fathers, mothers, brothers and sisters, who had lost most beloved friends, sons and kinsmen. [0468B] Robert of Flanders, who had descended with Boemund into the land of the Saracens to plunder, and then, when Boemund with his forces had been worn down and put to flight, had, though unwilling, withdrawn separated from him, on the following day, having reassembled two hundred horsemen, met the Turks and Saracens scattered and walking carelessly from the opposite side: fighting bravely with them, he gained a glorious victory, putting these to flight, and with immense spoils which the Turks, fleeing, had left there, returned to the camp of Antioch, much consoling the people despairing in this calamity of Boemund. After a short time passed and a few days with Robert’s booty spent, and no one any longer daring to seek prey far from the army because of the cruel slaughter of Boemund’s companions, a greater and more potent famine began to multiply among the people, and an inestimable mortality befell the humble populace, and the army was attenuated. [0468C]

Nec mirum. Nam solus paniculus, qui antea denario Luculensis monetae poterat mutuari, nunc duobus solidis vendebatur indigentibus. Bos duabus marcis vendebatur, qui paulo ante decem solidis poterat comparari; agniculus quinque solidis appretiabatur.

Not surprising. For a single small loaf, which before could be borrowed for one denarius of Luculensis coin, was now being sold to the needy for two solidi. An ox was sold for two marks, which a little earlier could be purchased for ten solidi; a little lamb was valued at five solidi.

Sic itaque gravissima penuria cogente populum Dei vivi, plurimi vagabantur se subtrahentes in omnem regionem Antiochiae ad quaerendas escas, trecenti aut ducenti conspirati ad defensionem contra Turcorum insidias, et ad aequam divisionem omnium rerum, quas reperire aut rapere possent. Turci, audita et intellecta populi angustia famisque [0468D] miseria, et Boemundi recenti contritione quammaxima et exercitus vagatione assidua, per vicinas horas exsiliunt a porta ex ea parte urbis quae inobsessa prominebat in montanis, grandi differente intervallo a porta, quam Boemundus observabat, per declivia rupium descendentes, et fideles Christi circumquaque diffusos insequentes, et atroci caede consumentes.

Thus, and so, with the most grievous lack forcing the people of the living God, very many wandered off, withdrawing into every region of Antioch to seek food; three hundred or two hundred conspired for defense against the Turks’ ambuscades, and for an equal division of all things which they could find or seize. The Turks, having heard and understood the people’s distress and the misery of hunger [0468D], and Boemund’s very recent crushing and the army’s continual wandering, at nearby hours leapt forth from the gate on that side of the city which jutted out unbesieged on the hills, at a great intervening distance from the gate which Boemund was guarding, descending by the slopes of the rocks, and pursuing the faithful of Christ scattered about on every side, and slaughtering them with savage butchery.

CAP. LIII. - Mors atrocissima cujusdam archidiaconi et comitum ejus.

CHAPTER 53. - The most atrocious death of a certain archdeacon and his companions.

Quadam die invalescente inedia, et urgente plures nobiles et ignobiles, quidam Tullensis Ecclesiae archidiaconus, nomine Ludowicus, defectione sui stipendii compulsus, et famis gladio expugnatus, [0469A] cum caeteris clericis et laicis numero trecentis, inopia coactus, ab exercitu secessit in loca ubertate alimentorum diffamata, sita in montanis Antiochiae intervallo trium milliarium, ubi secure praedari et morari arbitrabantur. Turci autem comperto illorum abscessu per delatores, qui assidue inter populos fraternitate habitabant falsa, ad sexaginta milites armatos ab eadem praedicta parte urbis et porta clam per notas semitas montium egressi, persecuti sunt Christianos ad locum quo viam constituerant spe recuperandi alimenti. Quos ferociter inclamantes aggrediuntur, sagitta perforantes trans caput et latus et viscera, universos, ut lupi oves, laniantes et fuga dispergentes.

One day, with famine growing and pressing many noble and ignoble alike, a certain archdeacon of the Church of Tullensis, called Ludowicus, compelled by the cessation of his stipend and struck down by the sword of hunger, [0469A] with other clerics and laymen to the number of three hundred, forced by want, separated from the army to places famed for abundance of food, situated in the mountains of Antioch at an interval of three miles, where they thought to plunder and remain secure. The Turks, however, having learned of their withdrawal by informers who continually dwelt among the peoples under false fraternities, and sixty armed soldiers from that same side of the city and gate having secretly gone out by the known mountain paths, pursued the Christians to the place where they had set their route in hope of recovering provisions. They ferociously assailed them, crying out, and pierced them with arrows through head and side and entrails, mangling them all, like wolves the sheep, tearing them and scattering them in flight.

Archidiaconum vero, nequidquam fugam ad montana conantem, quidam [0469B] Turcus velocissimo equo insecutus sagitta celeri transfixit, eductoque ense ex utraque parte colli gravissimo vulnere illius secuit scapulas; et sic sanguinis rivo in terram defluente, spiritum vitae emisit. Hanc crudelissimam famam primores exercitus ut compererunt, spiritu moeroris conturbati sunt, indignati tot caedes a Turcis per portam inobsessam singulis diebus fieri, et nunc amplius dolentes necem tam nobilissimi archidiaconi, et creberrimos ululatus in perditione quorumque amicorum audiri.

But the archdeacon, vainly attempting flight to the mountains, was pursued by a certain Turk [0469B] on a very swift horse and transfixed with a swift arrow; and, having drawn his sword, the Turk cut the archdeacon’s shoulders on both sides of the neck with a very grave wound; and thus, with a stream of blood flowing to the ground, he yielded up the spirit of life. When the leaders of the army learned this most cruel report, they were thrown into confusion with a spirit of mourning, indignant that so many massacres by the Turks were being made each day through the unwatched gate, and now moreover grieving the death of so most noble an archdeacon, and hearing the very frequent howlings at the perdition of their friends.

CAP. LIV. - De morte filii regis Danorum, et Florinae cujusdam matronae, et eorum qui in balneis occisi sunt.

CHAPTER 54. - On the death of the son of the king of the Danes, and of a certain matron Florina, and of those who were killed in the baths.

Inter haec plurima adversa adhuc recentia, impius [0469C] rumor aures totius sacrae legionis perculit, qualiter post devictam et captam Nicaeam filius regis Danorum, Sueno nomine, nobilissimus et forma pulcherrimus, per aliquot dies retardatus, et benigne ab imperatore Constantinopolis susceptus et commendatus, per mediam Romaniam securus iter agebat, audita Christianornm victoria: qui socios mille et quingentos viros belligeros secum in auxilium obsidionis Antiochiae adducebat. Sed a Solymano, qui in montanis victus, Gallos evaserat, intra Finiminis et Ferna, urbes Romaniae, hospitatus, in media densissima silva vicorum et calamorum recubans, in grandine sagittarum occisus est, totusque comitatus illius eodem martyrio ab iniquis carnificibus consumptus est. Nec mirum, si universi Turcorum [0469D] viribus oppressi interierunt.

Among these many adverse events still recent, an impious [0469C] rumor struck the ears of the whole sacred legion, namely that after Nicaea had been defeated and taken, the son of the king of the Danes, called Sueno, most noble and exceedingly handsome in person, having been delayed for several days and kindly received and entrusted by the emperor at Constantinople, was making a safe journey through the heart of Romania when the victory of the Christians was heard: he was bringing with him allies, fifteen hundred warlike men, to aid the siege of Antioch. But he was slain by Solomon, who, having been defeated in the mountains, had escaped the Franks, and, being hosted within Finiminis and Ferna, cities of Romania, while reclining in the midst of a very dense wood of villages and reeds, was struck down in a hail of arrows; and his entire company was consumed by the same martyrdom at the hands of wicked executioners. Nor is it wondrous that they all perished, overwhelmed by the forces of the Turks [0469D].

Nam quorumdam iniquorum Christianorum, Graecorum scilicet, proditione propalati sunt, et improvise a Solymani manu e montanis adunata, circumventi sunt. Attamen filius regis, Sueno, multa armorum defensione resistens, multos Turcorum gladio stravit, straverunt et sui. Sed ad ultimum fessi et armis exuti, ineffabilem adversariorum multitudinem sufferre non valentes, pariter sagittis confixi, interierunt.

For by the treason of certain wicked Christians, namely Greeks, they were betrayed, and suddenly, gathered from the mountains by the hand of Solyman, they were surrounded. Yet the king’s son, Sueno, resisting with many defenses of arms, struck down many of the Turks with the sword, and his own men likewise struck down others. But at last, weary and stripped of arms, unable to sustain the ineffable multitude of adversaries, pierced together by arrows, they perished.

Ibidem matrona quaedam, Florina nomine, filia ducis Burgundiae, Philippensium principi copulata, nunc vero miserabiliter viduata, in eodem comitatu Danorum erat sperans post triumphum fidelium tam magno tantoque sociari marito. Sed hanc spem Turcorum [0470A] abrupit ferocitas. Nam eamdem in mulo sedentem sex confixerunt sagittis, versus montana fugientem.

There in the same company of the Danes was a certain matron, named Florina, daughter of the duke of Burgundy, married to the prince of the Philippenses, now miserably widowed, hoping after the triumph of the faithful to be joined to so great and so eminent a husband. But the ferocity of the Turks [0470A] tore away this hope. For they transfixed her, sitting on a mule, with six arrows, as she fled toward the mountains.

Quae, licet percussa, non tamen a mulo elapsa est, semper mortem evadere credens dum, tandem cursu superata, cum filio regis capitali sententia exstincta est. Turci ergo milites Solymani, gaudentes suo victrici eventu et caede Christianorum immanissima, ad lacus calidorum fontium, qui ibidem juxta Finiminis fumabant, celeriter advolant. Qui mendicos et febricitantes peregrinos in his ad curandum debile corpus reperientes, sagittis infixerunt, totam undam sanguineam reddentes, aliosque sub unda caput ab ictu ferientes abscondentes, saevo fine demersionis suffocari cogebant.

She, though struck, nevertheless did not fall from the mule, always believing to escape death; yet at last, overtaken in her flight, when, together with the king’s son, by capital sentence she was put to death. The Turkish soldiers of Suleiman, rejoicing in their victorious event and in the most savage slaughter of Christians, quickly flew to the ponds of hot springs which there beside Finiminis smoked. Finding mendicants and feverish pilgrims there to bathe and cure their weak bodies, they transfixed them with arrows, turning the whole pool blood-red, and forcing others—whose heads, struck by the blow, were hidden beneath the water—to be drowned in a cruel ending of immersion.

CAP. LV. - Porta Christianis mortifera; Reymundus comes profanos aliquantum a fidelium invasione coercet. [0470B]

CHAPTER 55. - A gate deadly to Christians; Count Reymundus somewhat restrains the profane from the invasion of the faithful. [0470B]

His creberrimis Turcorum insidiis et assiduis a porta praedicta exitibus, suorumque miserrimis casibus primores exercitus conturbati, acuuntur ira ampliori, et portam praefatam, quae ex difficultate montium et inaequalitate scopulorum obsideri non poterat, hoc obstaculo impediri consulunt: videlicet, ut munitionem quamdam in dorso cujusdam silicis stantis ad radicem montium locarent, obstaculum, inquam, firmissimum valle et congerie lapidum. Nam penuria illic erat lignorum. In hac ergo custodiam quisque primorum statuto tempore agebat Turcorumque exitum a porta per montana et vallium notas semitas e specula silicis et munitione contemplabatur, [0470C] et per planitiem regionis descendentes extemplo persecuti, a Christianorum caede arcebant.

By the very frequent ambushes of the Turks and their constant sallies from the aforesaid gate, and by the miserable calamities of their own men, the leaders of the army, confused, are sharpened with greater anger, and they contrive to block the aforesaid gate—which, on account of the difficulty of the mountains and the unevenness of the crags, could not be besieged—by this obstacle: namely, that they should place a certain fortification on the back of a standing rock at the foot of the mountains, an obstacle, I say, most firm, of a rampart and heaped stones. For there was a scarcity of timber there. Therefore at the appointed hour each of the leaders kept watch here and observed the Turks’ sally from the gate along the known mountain and valley paths from the lookouts on the rock and the fortification, [0470C] and, descending across the plain of the region, they at once pursued and kept them off by Christian slaughter.

Facta denique ipsa praedicta munitione a comite Reymundo in ordine vicis suae custodiam in ea faciente, quadam die collocatis in abscondito insidiis suorum militum, Turci equites ferme ducenti armati et loricati in prima aurora diei exsurgentes a solita porta egressi, et per devexa montium descendentes, repento assultu ad munitionem contendunt, custodes in ea impugnantes, et murorum congeriem destruere moliuntur, quia egressioni eorum, et insidiis contraria erat. Illis tandem frustra circa novam munitionem laborantibus, insidiae comitis Reymundi surrexerunt, in equis velocissimis ad auxilium sociorum qui erant in praesidio contendentes et Turcos [0470D] jam diem ultimum metuentes, et regredi sursum ad portam praeparantes vehementi insecutione oppresserunt, solumque juvenem de nobili parentela procreatum retinuerunt; caeteri fuga elapsi sunt. Capto autem juvene, caeteris fugatis, milites comitis Reymundi in castra ad exercitum regressi sunt in laetitia et victoria.

Finally, the very aforesaid fortification having been made by Count Reymund, he arranging guard there in the order of his districts, one day, his soldiers having been placed in a hidden ambush, the Turks — some two hundred horsemen, armed and loricated — rising at the first dawn of day went forth from the accustomed gate, and descending the mountain slopes, suddenly pressed with an assault toward the fortification, attacking the guards therein, and strove to destroy the heaped mass of the walls, because it was against their egress and ambushes. While they at last labored in vain about the new fortification, the ambush of Count Reymund sprang up, riding on very swift horses to the aid of the allies who were in the garrison, and the Turks, [0470D] already fearing the final day and preparing to return upward to the gate, were crushed by a vehement pursuit; they retained only one youth born of a noble parentage, the others escaping by flight. The youth having been captured and the rest put to flight, Count Reymund’s soldiers returned to camp with the army in joy and victory.

Turci quoque in tristitia ad suos remeantes aliquot diebus quieverunt, non timere ab illo die Christianos circumvagos insequi praesumentes.

The Turks also, returning to their own in sorrow, rested for several days, not fearing that from that day Christians would presume to pursue them as roving bands.

CAP. LVI. - Pro redemptione cujusdam captivi juvenis, parentes ejus volentes turrim suam Christianis tradere, expulsi sunt, et juvenis a Christianis occisus est.

CHAPTER 56. - For the ransom of a certain captive youth, his parents, wishing to hand over their tower to the Christians, were expelled, and the youth was killed by the Christians.

Crastina die Christiani principes hunc ortum ex [0471A] nobilibus Turcotam comperientes, et plurimo dolore infligere corda suorum eumdem juvenem carnalibus cognatis suis in una arce turrium ad defensionem a rege Darsiano constitutis praesentaverunt: si forte pietate moti in redemptionem illius, arcem, cui praeerant, redderent, et Christianos clanculum intromitterent. Illis vero omnino arcem negantibus, sed pecuniam nimiam pro redemptione et vita illius offerentibus, Christianis autem omnia contradicentibus praeter urben, et arcem, quia sciebant eum ex altis parentibus corda cognatorum molescere coeperunt, et privata colloquia inter se et Christianos haberi: quousque res propalata ad aures Sensadoniae, filii regis Darsiani, pervenit, quod in redemptione capti juvenis inter cognatos illius et Christianos [0471B] concordia fieret, per quam urbs, nisi praecaverent, cito posset amitti. Darsianus itaque rex et filius ejus Sensadonias haec praesentientes, habito eum suis primatibus consilio, universos cognatos capti juvenis fratresque illius, et universos familiares, ab illa turri, cui praeerant, jussit expelli, ne per eamdem turrira pro redemptione propinqui urbs Christianis intromissis traderetur.

On the next day the Christian princes, having learned that this person arisen was of the Turcota nobles [0471A], and seeking to inflict the greatest sorrow on the hearts of their own, presented the same youth to his carnal kinsmen who had been placed together in one citadel of towers for defense against King Darsian: in case, moved by piety, they might for his redemption give up the fortress over which they presided, and secretly admit the Christians. But when they altogether denied the fortress, yet offered an excessive sum of money for his ransom and life, and the Christians contradicted everything except the city and the fortress, because they knew that he, from high parents, had begun to soften the hearts of his kinsmen, and private conferences were being held among them and the Christians; until the matter was brought to the ears of Sensadonia, son of King Darsian, that in the redemption of the captured youth concord was being made between his kinsmen and the Christians [0471B], by which the city, unless they took precautions, might soon be lost. Therefore King Darsian and his son Sensadonias, presenting these things and having held council with his foremost men, ordered all the kinsmen of the captured youth and his brothers, and all the household retainers, to be expelled from that tower over which they presided, lest by that same tower, for the redemption of their relatives, the city be handed over to the Christians having been let in.

His expulsis, consiliis eorum patefactis, Christiani nullam spem ultra reddendae turris habentes, eo quod nimium in palam omnia egerint, post longam fatigationem et diversos illi cruciatus illatos, fere sub unius mensis spatio vexatum in aspectu omnium Turcorum ante urbis moenia trahentes misellum, vixque palpitantem [0471C] prae tormentis, amputato collo peremerunt: et praecipue ex accusatione Graecorum fidelium occisus est, qui referebant hunc plus quam mille Christianorum propriis mortificasse manibus.

With these expelled and their counsels laid bare, the Christians, having no further hope of the tower being restored, because they had acted too openly in all things, after long fatigue and the diverse torments inflicted upon them, almost within the space of one month, harassed and, in the sight of all the Turks, dragging the wretch before the city walls, they slew him, scarcely still palpitating [0471C] from the torments, his neck having been cut off; and above all he was slain on the accusation of the faithful Greeks, who reported that he himself had put to death more than a thousand Christians with his own hands.

CAP. LVII. - Decretum populi Dei, et denotatio duorum, qui in adulterio deprehensi sunt.

CHAPTER 57. - Decree of the people of God, and denotation of two who were caught in adultery.

His finitis, et Christianorum aliquantulum persecutione ex nova munitione et istius decollatione repressa, Christiani principes adversitates suorum Boemundique societatis attritae recolentes, ac famis pestilentiam clademque mortalitatis in populo recensentes, ex peccatorum multitudine haec fieri asserebant. Qua de causa consilio habito cum episcopis et omni clero qui aderant, decreverunt omnem injustitiam et foeditatem de exercitu abscindi, [0471D] videlicet, «ut nullus in pondere aut mensura, nec in auri vel argenti ambitione, nec in alicujus rei mutatione aut negotio confratrem Christianum circumveniret; nullus furtum praesumeret; nullus fornicatione sive adulterio contaminaretur. Si quis vero hoc mandatum transgrederetur, deprehensus saevissima poena affligeretur: et sic populus Dei ab iniquitate et immunditiis sanctificaretur.» Hoc quidem decretum plurimi transgredientes severe a judicibus constitutis correpti sunt, alii vinculati, alii virgis caesi, alii tonsi et cauteriati ad correctionem et emendationem totius legionis.

With these things ended, and with the persecution of the Christians somewhat repressed by the new fortification and by the beheading of that man, the Christian princes, recalling the adversities of their own and of Boemund’s company, and registering famine, pestilence, and the disaster of mortality among the people, asserted that these things were happening from the multitude of sins. For this reason, a council having been held with the bishops and all the clergy who were present, they decreed that all injustice and foulness be cut away from the army, [0471D] namely, “that no one in weight or measure, nor in the ambition for gold or silver, nor in the exchange or business of any thing should ensnare a fellow Christian brother; no one should presume theft; no one should be defiled by fornication or adultery. If anyone however should transgress this command, being caught he should be afflicted with the most severe punishment: and thus the people of God would be sanctified from iniquity and uncleannesses.” Indeed many who transgressed this decree were severely corrected by judges appointed: some fettered, others beaten with rods, others shorn and cauterized for the correction and amendment of the whole legion.

Deprehensi ibidem in adulterio vir et femina, coram omni exercitu denudati, et post terga manibus revinctis, a percussoribus graviter virgis verberati, totum [0472A] circuire exercitum coguntur, ut, saevissimis illorum plagis visis, a tali et tam nefario scelere caeteri absterreantur.

The man and woman there apprehended in adultery, stripped before the whole army, and with their hands bound behind their backs, severely flogged with rods by the beaters, are compelled to circulate the whole army [0472A], so that, when their most savage stripes are seen, the others may be deterred from such and so nefarious a crime.

CAP. LVIII. - Dux Godefridus jam recuperata salute, et Reymundus comes, per regiones divisi, ad contrahendas praedarum copias destinantur.

CHAPTER 58. - Duke Godfrey, safety now recovered, and Count Raymond, divided through the regions, are appointed to assemble bands for plunder.

Hac justitia in populo Dei corroborata ex majorum sententia, quatenus ira Domini placaretur, dux Godefridus jam a vulneris sui infirmitate convaluit. Quem in terram Sarracenorum et Turcorum direxit exercitus ad repetendas praedas et spolia, quae Boemundus attritus et profugus deseruit, ut gaudium ex infortunio jejunae et attritae plebi reportaret: quod, Deo annuente, actum est; sed non multas praedarum contraxit copias. Nam Sarraceni et gentiles [0472B] ab eo tempore, quo Boemundus terram eorum intravit praedasque abduxit, provisi, armenta sua cum universis rebus et pecuniis per montana et loca investigabilia absconderunt.

With this justice strengthened in the people of God by the counsel of the elders, so that the wrath of the Lord might be appeased, Duke Godefridus now recovered from the infirmity of his wound. The army directed him into the land of the Saracens and Turks to recover the spoils and plunder which Boemund, worn and fugitive, had abandoned, in order that he might bring back joy from the misfortune of the fasting and worn people: which, God consenting, was accomplished; but he did not gather large quantities of plunder. For the Saracens and gentiles [0472B], from that time when Boemund entered their land and carried off booty, being forewarned, hid their herds with all their goods and money in the mountains and in places unsearchable.

Reymundus similiter et caeteri principes ex decreto exercitus missi sunt. Sed paucas praedas contraxerunt, propter diffugium quod Sarraceni cum rebus, armentis et pecudibus per montana et longinquam regionem faciebant.

Reymundus likewise and the other princes were sent by decree of the army. But they gathered few spoils, because of the dispersal which the Saracens made with their goods, herds, and cattle through the mountains and into a distant region.

CAP. LIX. - Legatio Babylonici regis ad populum Dei, et quomodo Winemarus Laodiceam et strenue ceperit, et stulte amiserit.

CHAPTER 59. - The embassy of the Babylonian king to the people of God, and how Winemarus strenuously captured Laodicea, and foolishly lost it.

Hujus autem longae obsidionis aliquo transacio curriculo, et gravissimis poenis afflicto populo in laboribus vigiliarum, famis et pestilentiae, ac frequentia incursantium Turcorum, Ammirabilis Babyloniae [0472C] rex, quoniam inter se et Turcos gravi diu ante expeditionem hanc Christianorum erat discordia et odium, per abbatem quemdam Christianorum legatione et intentione cognita, de pacis et regni sui ad invicem confoederatione quindecim legatos, linguae diversi generis peritos, ad exercitum Dei viventis direxit, haec ferentes nuntia: «Rex Ammirabilis Babyloniae gavisus adventu vestro, et prospere adhuc vos egisse, salutem principibus magnis et humilibus Christianorum. Turci, gens externa, mihi et regno meo infesti, saepe terras nostras invasere, urbem Jerusalem, quae nostrae ditionis est, retinentes. Sed nunc viribus nostris hanc ante adventum vestrum recuperavimus, Turcos ejecimus: foedus et amicitiam vobiscum inimus, genti Christianorum [0472D] urbem sanctam et turrim David montemque Sion restituemus; de fidei Christianae professione discutiemus, qua discussa, si placuerit, hanc apprehendere parati sumus; si autem in lege et ritu gentilitatis perstiterimus, foedus tamen, quod ad invicem habuerimus, minime rumpetur.

After some course of this long siege, and the people, afflicted with very severe punishments in the labors of watches, famine and pestilence, and by the frequent incursions of the Turks, the admirable king of Babylon [0472C], since there had long been between him and the Turks a grave discord and hatred before this expedition of the Christians, having learned by means of a certain abbot of the Christians of the embassy and its intent, sent fifteen legates, skilled in tongues of diverse kinds, to the army of the living God concerning a mutual confederation of his peace and kingdom, bearing these messages: “The king admirable of Babylon, rejoicing at your arrival, and that you have so far prosperously acted, sends greetings to the great and the humble princes of the Christians. The Turks, an external people, hostile to me and to my kingdom, have often invaded our lands, holding the city Jerusalem, which is under our dominion. But now by our forces we have recovered it before your coming, we have expelled the Turks: we enter into a treaty and friendship with you, to the people of the Christians [0472D] we will restore the holy city and the tower of David and the mount Zion; we will examine the profession of the Christian faith, which examined, if it please, we are ready to embrace; but if we should persist in the law and rite of gentility, yet the treaty which we have had with one another will in no wise be broken.”

Precamur et monemus ne ab hac civitate Antiochiae recedatis, quousque in manu vestra restituatur, imperatori Graecorum et Christianis injuste ablata.» Winemarus, qui Mamistrae a Baldewino et Tankrado recesserat ad maritima, iterato navigio Laodiceam cum omni armatura navalis exercitus properavit. Quam vallatam navali obsidione et expugnatam in virtute suorum apprehendit, nil auxilii et respectus de omnibus quae acquisierat, Christianis confratribus, [0473A] Antiochiae considentibus, conferens aut impertiens. Laodiceam denique apprehensam dum secure obtineret, suique commilitones et conspirati otio vacarent, ac bonis terrae et civitatis fruerentur, a Turcopolis et militibus regis Graecorum ex industria caesi sunt et exsuperati, arx civitatis recuperata, ipse Winemarus captus et in custodia carceris constitutus est, duce Godefrido caeterisque principibus haec Antiochiae adhuc ignorantibus.

They beg and warn that you do not withdraw from this city of Antioch until it is restored into your hand, having been unjustly taken from the emperor of the Greeks and the Christians. Winemarus, who had withdrawn from Mamistra from Baldwin and Tancred to the seaboard, by a repeated voyage hastened to Laodicea with the whole naval armament of the army. Which, being beset by a naval siege and taken by the valour of his men, he seized, bringing nothing of aid or consideration of all that he had acquired to the Christian brethren, [0473A] sitting in Antioch, either giving or imparting. Finally, while he securely held Laodicea captured, and his fellow-soldiers and conspirators were at leisure and enjoying the goods of the land and city, they were deliberately slain and overwhelmed by the men of Turcopolis and the soldiers of the king of the Greeks; the citadel of the city was recovered, Winemarus himself taken and placed in prison custody, Godfrey leading and the other princes still ignorant of these things at Antioch.

CAP. LX. - Consilium obsessae Antiochiae catholicis proditur; episcopus Podiensis et dux Godefridus populum Dei verbis consolatoriis adhortantur.

CHAPTER 60. - A plan of besieged Antioch is revealed to the Catholics; the bishop of Podiensis and Duke Godefridus exhort the people of God with consolatory words.

Interea Turci obsessi in Antiochia, opem quaerere non tardantes et amicos admonere, a montanis et finitimis regionibus magnas et copiosas vires Turcorum [0473B] contraxerunt, quorum in brevi triginta millia congregata sunt in unum. Disposuerant enim in animo suo et consultu obsessi, ab ipsis exterioribus primo diluculo assultum fieri in populum sanctum Dei; deinde interiores urbis ad roborandum et augendum assultum ex impetu adfore; Christianos armis et sagittarum grandine fatigare, quousque caesis collis consumerentur in ore gladii. Tam nefandorum consiliorum et sceleratae conspirationis delatio pervenit in castra catholicorum virorum, Godefridi ducis et episcopi Podiensis, caeterorumque primatum quibus prae inopia annonae et diuturna lassatione, diversaque clade, non amplius quam mille valentes equi habebantur.

Meanwhile the besieging Turks at Antioch, not delaying to seek help and warn their allies, gathered great and copious forces of Turks from the mountainous and neighboring regions [0473B], of whom in short order thirty thousand were assembled into one body. For the besiegers had devised in their mind and counsel that first at dawn an assault be made from the outer quarters upon the holy people of God; then that the inner parts of the city would be present to strengthen and increase the attack by a fresh onset; that the Christians be wearied with weapons and a hail of arrows, until, with many slain, they should be consumed by the mouth of the sword. The report of so nefarious counsels and wicked conspiracy reached the camp of the Catholic men, of Duke Godefrid and the bishop of Podiensis, and of the other chiefs, who, through lack of provisions and long exhaustion, and various calamities, were reckoned to have no more than one thousand able horsemen.

Nunc ad hanc curam et angustiam profertur sententia episcopi, quae in hoc [0473C] modo fuit: «Viri Christianissimi, et qui estis flos electus Galliae, qui modo sit utilius in consilio, videre nescio, nisi ut spem in nomine Domini Jesu habentes, illis ex improviso occurratis. Gentiles quamvis usquequaque adunati in tot millibus, ut audistis, superveniant, nullis aggravati laboribus, nec longo itinere a terra sua egressi et fatigati, et jam usque Barich civitatem profecti, tamen non est difficile in manu Dei tot millia concludi, et a vestris paucis copiis consumi.» Ad haec verba pontificis dux Godefridus, in officio belli semper indeficiens, in auditu et praesentia convocatae legionis sic respondit: «Dei vivi et Domini Jesu Christi sumus cultores, cujus nomini militamus. Hi in virtute sua, nos vero in nomine Dei viventis adunati sumus.

Nunc to this care and distress is brought forward the opinion of the bishop, which was in this [0473C] manner: “Most Christian men, and you who are the chosen flower of Gaul, which thing is now more useful in counsel I do not know, unless that, having hope in the name of the Lord Jesus, you meet them unexpectedly. Though the Gentiles, as you have heard, assemble everywhere in so many thousands, not burdened by any hardships, nor having come forth and wearied by a long journey from their own land, and now having advanced as far as the city of Barich, yet it is not difficult in the hand of God for so many thousands to be enclosed and consumed by your few troops.” To these words of the pontiff Duke Godefrid, always unwearying in the duty of war, in the hearing and presence of the legion having been convened, thus answered: “We are worshipers of the living God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, in whose name we serve as soldiers. They are gathered in their own strength; we, however, are gathered in the name of the living God.

In cujus [0473D] gratia confidentes impios et incredulos impetere non dubitemus; quia sive vivimus, sive morimur, Domini sumus. Sicut enim salutem et vitam diligimus, sic oportet, ne in palam verbum istud fiat, ne hostes solliciti et providi de adventu et impetu nostro, nimis exterreantur, et nobiscum praeliari non expavescant.»

Confident in whose grace, we will not hesitate to attack the impious and unbelieving; for whether we live or die, we are the Lord's. For just as we cherish salvation and life, so it is fitting that this word not be made public, lest the enemies, anxious and forewarned about our coming and assault, be overly terrified, and not shrink from fighting with us. [0473D]

CAP. LXI. - Electi milites hostilia castra invadere, multitudine gravi superveniente, non terrentur.

CHAPTER 61. - The chosen soldiers are not terrified to invade the hostile camp, a heavy multitude coming upon them.

Haec duce monente et exhortante, septingenti equites viri praeliatores eliguntur, quos tamen res prorsus latebat praeter aliquos primores exercitus: defecerant enim plerisque equi, prae diversis plagis, ut praediximus et paucissimi valentes fuere equi: [0474A] unde alii jumentis, alii mulis et asinis, prout necessitas exhibebat, insidentes, intempestae noctis silentio iter moverunt, per pontem navium transeuntes, Turcis his ignorantibus, qui in praesidio Antiochiae fuerunt ad defensionem. Boemundus, Tankradus, Robertus Flandrensis, Robertus de Northmannia, una cum duce Godefrido in loco decreto pariter convenerunt. Rotgerus de Barnavilla pariter convocatus adfuit, qui insidiis Turcorum assiduus et strages saepius exercens, apud eosdem Turcos notissimus et famosissimus laudem eam obtinuit, ut saepius inter Christianos et ipsos de omni conventione utrinque captivorum et cujusque rei internuntius audiretur.

With this leader warning and exhorting, seven hundred horsemen, fighting men, were chosen, whom yet the affair entirely concealed save to certain foremost men of the army: for most had lost horses from diverse blows, as we have said, and very few horses were serviceable; whence some, mounted on pack-beasts, others on mules and asses as necessity provided, in the silence of the unseasonable night moved their march, crossing by the bridge of ships, the Turks being ignorant of this, who were in the garrison of Antioch for its defence. Boemund, Tankradus, Robert of Flanders, Robert of Northmannia, together with the leader Godefrid met in the appointed place. Rotgerus of Barnavilla, likewise summoned, was present, who, persistent in ambushes of the Turks and oft practising slaughter, was most well-known and famous among those same Turks, and gained such praise that he was oftener heard, between Christians and the Turks themselves, as intermediary in every convention concerning captives on both sides and concerning any matter. [0474A]

Ipse pariter antistes, socius in omni admonitione sancta, sequebatur ad confortandos [0474B] viros Dei. His vero per noctem jam superata via, et ad castra Turcorum properantibus, Boemundus quidam de genere Turcorum qui, veritate cognita, quae Christus est, baptismi gratiam percepit, et a Boemundo principe recenter de sacro fonte levatus, nomine ejus est vocatus, et Walterus de Drommedart praemittuntur cautissime gradientes, quousque primo diluculo gentem innumerabilem, ad auxilium Antiochenorum venientem, inspectant a silva et frutetis undique properare. Hi autem, ut hostes a longe speculantur, reditum parant, ad septingentos socios laxis frenis revolant, rem ut erat aperientes, sed omnem terrorem bono solamine adimentes.

The bishop himself likewise, a companion in every holy admonition, followed to strengthen the men of God [0474B]. Meanwhile, their road already passed by night, and as they hastened toward the Turks’ camp, a certain Boemund of the Turkish stock — who, the truth having been known, which is Christ, received the grace of baptism, and was recently raised from the sacred font by Prince Boemund and called by his name — and Walter of Drommedart were sent ahead, treading most cautiously, until at first dawn they beheld an innumerable host coming from the wood and from the thickets on all sides to aid the Antiochenes. These, however, as they watched the enemies from afar, prepared to return, and with loosened reins dashed back to their seven hundred comrades, revealing the matter as it was, and banishing all terror with good consolation.

CAP. LXII. - Pontificis sermone peregrini roborati, septingentos hostium palam triumphant, sectisque cervicibus dehonestant. [0474C]

CHAPTER 62. - With the pontiff's speech the pilgrims, strengthened, openly triumph over seven hundred of the enemy, and, with their necks cut, dishonour them. [0474C]

Antistes vero egregius, auditis verbis Walteri et Boemundi, admonet socios metu et anxietate aliquantulum haesitantes, ne dubitarent mori pro ejus amore, cujus vestigia cum signo sanctae crucis sunt secuti, et cujus gratia patriam, cognationem et omnia reliquerunt, certi quia cum Domino Deo Zebaoth, quem hodie hic mori contigerit, coelos possidebit. In hac beata admonitione roborati, decreverunt unanimiter malle mori quam inimicis viliter terga dare. Ad haec comes Reymundus hilari animo vibrata hasta, clypeoque pectori obducto, et Godefridus dux non minus aestuans desiderio conserendi praelia, caeterique septingenti viri bellicosi, ex improviso per medios advolantes infringunt, et eorum [0474D] multitudinem copiosam disturbantes, palmam Deo donante victores accipiunt, Turcis attritis et in fugam conversis.

The distinguished antistes, having heard the words of Walter and Boemund, admonishes his comrades, who were somewhat held by fear and anxiety, not to doubt to die for the love of him whose footsteps they have followed under the sign of the holy cross, and by whose grace they left country, kin and all, being certain that with the Lord God of Hosts, for whom today here it has fallen to die, he will possess the heavens. Strengthened by this blessed admonition, they unanimously resolved that they would rather die than shamefully turn their backs to the enemies. To these words Count Reymundus, with a cheerful spirit, his spear brandished and his shield thrown over his breast, and Godefridus the duke, no less burning with desire to join the fight, and the other seven hundred warlike men, suddenly swooping through the midst, brake them, and, disturbing their [0474D] abundant multitude, by God granting the palm they received it as victors, the Turks being worn down and put to flight.

Dei etiam auxilio et misericordia nervi arcuum eorum, prae pluvia molliti ac defecti, nil poterant: quod illis fuit magno impedimento, et fidelibus in triumphi augmento. Victores ergo Christiani facti, videntes se praevaluisse et paucos suorum cecidisse, ab equis descendentes, capita occisorum amputant, sellis alligant, sociis nonnullis in castris Antiochiae rei eventum exspectantibus, in magna laetitia afferunt cum mille equis valentibus et spoliis multis, quae devictis hostibus acceperunt. Adfuerunt in eodem praelio nuntii regis Babyloniae, qui etiam capita Turcorum amputata in sellis ad [0475A] exercitum detulerunt.

By God's aid and mercy the sinews of their bows, having been softened and weakened by the heavy rain, could do nothing: which was a great impediment to them, and an augmentation to the triumph of the faithful. The Christians therefore being made victors, seeing that they had prevailed and that few of their own had fallen, dismounting from their horses, cut off the heads of the slain, bind them to saddles, and, some comrades remaining in the camp of Antioch awaiting the event, bring them in great joy with a thousand valiant horsemen and many spoils which they took from the defeated enemies. Messengers of the king of Babylon were present in the same battle, who likewise brought to the army the Turks' severed heads bound to saddles [0475A].

Contigit autem haec victoria Christianis in manu paucorum praecedente die capitis jejunii. Ipsis etiam fidelibus in magna gloria repedantibus ad populum suum, et tentoria in pratis Antiochiae relicta, Turci, qui obsessi auxilium attritae multitudinis operiebantur, in moenibus suis stantes, contemplabantur a longe victrices aquilas fidelium. Quas suae exspectatae gentis aestimantes, subito fragore clamantium et cornicinum strepitu, ad arma convolant; e portis fortiter exundant, putantes ab intus et deforis in momento omnem illam sacram consumere legionem.

This victory befell the Christians in the hand of a few, the day preceding the fast of the head. The faithful themselves, returning in great glory to their people, and with tents left in the meadows of Antioch, the Turks—who, besieged and bereft of aid by a worn multitude—standing on their walls, beheld from afar the victorious eagles of the faithful. Deeming them to be of their long-expected nation, they at once, at the sudden crash of those shouting and the shrill blare of horns, rush to arms; they pour forth boldly from the gates, thinking that from within and without in a moment they would consume that entire sacred legion.

Sed cominus appropinquantibus Christianis, et visis capitibus Turcorum, exuviis quoque et caballis eorum recognitis, fragorem et tubarum sonitum compresserunt; gaudere [0475B] cessaverunt, et in munitionem celeri fuga relati sunt. Christiani vero ad augendum Turcis dolorem, capita Turcorum trans moenia et muros jactaverunt, caetera ferme ducenta hastis et palis infixa in conspectu omnium astantium ad moenia contulerunt.

But as the Christians drew near at close quarters, and the heads of the Turks were seen, their spoils and their pack-horses also having been recognised, they stifled the clamor and the sound of trumpets; they ceased to rejoice [0475B], and, driven back in swift flight, took refuge within the fortification. The Christians, however, to increase the Turks' grief, cast the heads of the Turks over the walls and ramparts, and set before the sight of all those standing by at the walls the rest, nearly two hundred, impaled on spears and stakes.

CAP. LXIII. - Boemundus et comites ejus dum pontem hostibus incommeabilem facere nituntur, partim caesi partim laesi sunt, et hoc duci Godefrido flebiliter nuntiatur.

CHAPTER 63. - Boemundus and his companions, while striving to make the bridge impassable to the enemies, were partly slain, partly wounded, and this was mournfully announced to Duke Godfrey.

Crastina autem die illucescente, principes fidelium consiliis invigilant laeti de recenti victoria, quatenus praesidium cujusdam machinae locarent juxta praefatum pontem civitatis, qui porrigitur trans fluvium Farfar: ut sic auferrent, locata machina, [0475C] introitum et exitum ab urbe commeantibus, et escas inferentibus, et insidias per eumdem pontem Christianis molientibus. Tandem reperto consilio, Boemundum, principem Siciliae, et Everhardum de Poisat, Reymundum comitem de Provincia, Wernerum de Greis ad portum maris, qui dicitur Simeonis eremitae, propter emendos cibos cum plurimis peditibus dirigunt, et ut vocarent socios ad opem construendi praesidii, qui in ipso littore maris propter naves quae escas adducebant morabantur. Reduxerunt etiam in eodem comitatu legatos regis Babyloniae, quos magnificis muneribus honoratos in bona fide salvos navigio remiserunt.

On the following day at dawn, the princes of the faithful, watchful in counsel and joyful over the recent victory, so far as to station a garrison of a certain machine beside the aforesaid bridge of the city, which spans the river Farfar: so that thus, with the machine placed, they might cut off the entrance and exit for those coming to and from the city, and bringing food, and those plotting ambushes by that same bridge against the Christians. Finally, a plan having been found, they dispatch Boemund, prince of Sicily, and Everhard of Poisat, Reymund, count of Provence, Werner of Greis to the seaport called of Simeon the hermit, for the provision of better food with very many foot soldiers, and that they should call comrades to the aid of constructing the garrison, which on that very seashore, because of ships that were bringing provisions, was staying. They also brought back in that same company envoys of the king of Babylon, whom, honored with magnificent gifts, they safely sent away by ship in good faith. [0475C]

Tam egregiorum virorum consilio et discessu per delatores comperto et manifestato, Turci gavisi sunt gaudio magno. Qui [0475D] assumptis quatuor millibus electorum militum, per pontem praedictum ab urbe egressi, viros praedictos, ductores exercitus, per notas sibi semitas insecuti sunt, hoc magno exercitu ignorante, in montanis insidias ponentes inter vepres et fruteta, quousque missi principes a portu maris repedarent. Repedantibus autem sociis tam in equis quam in pedibus, ex admonitione Boemundi, caeterorumque primorum jam quatuor millia confluxerant.

With the plot and departure of those most excellent men discovered and made plain by informers, the Turks rejoiced with great gladness. They [0475D], having taken up four thousand chosen soldiers, and having gone out of the city across the aforesaid bridge, pursued the aforesaid men, the leaders of the army, along paths familiar to them, the great army being unaware of this, placing ambushes in the mountains among brambles and brushwood, until the princes sent from the seaport returned. But as the comrades were falling back both on horses and on foot, by the warning of Boemund and the other chiefs, already four thousand had assembled.

Turci improvisos et cibariis onustos, raptim ab insidiis exsurgentes, incurrunt sagittis trans pectus et viscera confodientes, alios gladio trucidantes. Et quia dextris illis erat victoria, manus suas a fidelium martyrio non ante continuerunt quam per silvas et campos, quingentos [0476A] amputatis capitibus exstinxerunt. Vulneratorum quidem et captivorum non erat numerus.

The Turks, taken by surprise and laden with provender, suddenly rising from their ambuscades, charged, their arrows transfixing breasts and entrails, others slaughtering with the sword. And because victory was in their right hands, they did not stay their hands from the martyrdom of the faithful until, through woods and fields, they put to death five hundred with amputated heads [0476A]. Indeed there was no count of the wounded and the captives.

Boemundus igitur, qui retro agebat custodiam cum caeteris viris magnificis, intellecta hac caede crudelissima, vidensque suos semineces per abrupta montium per opaca loca latere, celeri fuga hac illacque tendere: et perspiciens se fugitivis ac victis nequaquam prodesse, sed sibi in promptu esse mori, reductis frenis cum sociis equo insidentibus, se subtraxit, et ad maritima, via relecta, tendens cum paucis repedabat. Nec mora, quidam, qui vix velocitate equi per devexa collium elapsus ab armis declinaverat, Godefridum ducem, qui ab exercitu trans pontem navium veniens, mediis assistens campis ex pontificis monitu Turcos et armenta eorum in [0476B] urbem redire coegerat, gravi inquietavit fama, asserens, quomodo Boemundus caeterique comprimores in mortis articulo positi intra inimicorum insidias arctarentur, et quanta crudelitate populus a porta repedans sit attritus.

Boemund, therefore, who was bringing up the rear as guard with the other distinguished men, on learning of this most cruel slaughter, and seeing his men half dead hiding through the steepness of the mountains in shady places, hastening here and there in swift flight, and perceiving that he could in no way be of use to the fugitives and the vanquished but that death lay ready for himself, drew back the reins and, with his companions seated on horseback, withdrew, and heading for the seashore by the road he had left, with a few men he retired. Nor was there delay: a certain man, who with the speed of his horse had scarcely slipped down the hill slopes and evaded arms, grievously alarmed Duke Godfrey, who, coming from the army across the bridge of ships and standing amid the fields by the bishop’s counsel, had forced the Turks and their herds to return into the city [0476B], with the report, alleging how Boemund and the other leaders, placed at the brink of death, were enclosed within the enemy’s ambushes, and with what cruelty the people retiring from the gate had been cut down.

CAP. LXIV. - Fidelibus in ultionem suorum consurgentibus, anceps utrinque pugna diutius agitur.

CHAPTER 64. - With the faithful rising in vengeance for their own, a doubtful battle on both sides is waged for a longer time.

Dux vero his auditis, nuntios per universa misit tentoria nuntiare famam tam crudelem, et ut parati essent ad omnia nunc sibi adversantia. Conturbati et exterriti universi fideles, omnibus e tentoriis sine dilatione confluunt, humerisque squammosas vestes ferri ingerunt, hastis vexilla praefigunt, festinanter equos frenis et sellis reparant, ordinant acies; aditum pontis et urbis celeri via disponunt appetere, quo [0476C] inimicos ad praesidium urbis redituros sperabant. His sine ulla tordatione pontem navium transeuntibus, et duce Godefrido mediis campis trans amnem reperto, et tristi vultu de sociorum nece mutato, adest alter nuntius, qui ex legione Boemundi, Reymundi, Werneri caeterorumque per montana fugam facientium, ducem in campo aliosque primores secum consistentes commonuit, quatenus in tentoria redirent propter insidias Turcorum et assultus, quorum vires et multitudinem intolerabiliorem arbitrabantur quam fuisset.

The leader, however, when he heard these things, sent messengers throughout the tents to announce so cruel a report, and that they should be prepared for all things now adverse to them. The faithful, all confused and terrified, without delay flock from every tent; they throw on their shoulders scale-like garments to be borne, set standards on fixed spears, hastily prepare horses with bridles and saddles, array the battle-lines; they arrange to take by the swift road the approach to the bridge and the city, by which they hoped the enemies would return to the city’s defense. While these were crossing the bridge of ships without any twisting back, and with Godefrid found leading in the middle of the fields across the river, and with his countenance changed by the sad news of the slaughter of his comrades, another messenger arrives, who, from the legion of Boemund, Reymund, Werner and the others making flight through the mountains, warned that the leader in the field and the other chiefs remaining with him should return to the tents on account of the Turks’ ambushes and assaults, whose strength and multitude they judged more intolerable than it would have been.

Dux vero imperterritus et vindictam attritorum fidelium sitiens, prorsus hinc abire, aut aliqua formidine locum hunc deserere, contradixit; sed cum juramento asseruit se aut hodie montem quo firmatum erat praesidium conscendere, aut in [0476D] eodem cum suis vitam amittere. Hac in ducis responsione et affirmatione, et cunctorum ordinatione, adsunt praefati principes incolumes Boemundus, Reymundus, Wernerus, de quorum adventu et vita universi laetati et confortati, contendunt ad locum montis praedicti ante pontem urbis, decemque equites ex multitudine electos praemisere in illius montis cacumine ad videndum si quae insidiae Turcorum altera in valle montis juxta montana haberentur. Vix decem in equo praemissi milites in montis arduo constiterunt, et ecce totam manum Turcorum illorum, scilicet qui a recenti caede Christianorum in circuitu per montana et notas semitas clam redierant, contemplantur.

The duke, however, undaunted and thirsting for vengeance for the afflicted faithful, absolutely refused to depart hence or to abandon this place from any dread; but by oath he declared that he would either today ascend the mountain on which the garrison had been established, or in [0476D] there lose his life with his men. Upon this response and affirmation of the duke, and by the ordering of all, the aforesaid princes, Boemund, Reymund, Werner, being present uninjured — everyone rejoicing and heartened at their arrival and safety — hastened to the place of the said mountain before the city bridge, and sent forward ten horsemen chosen from the multitude to the summit of that mountain to see if any ambushes of the Turks were lying in the other valley of the mountain near the hills. Scarcely had the ten horsemen sent ahead halted on the steep of the mountain when, behold, they perceived the whole band of those Turks, namely those who, after the recent slaughter of Christians, had secretly returned about the mountains and along known paths.

De quibus adversus se viginti equites [0477A] praecurrere intuentur, qui decem a montis cacumine arcerent. Christianis vero decem cedentibus propter nimium vicinas Turcorum insidias, et his viginti montis cacumen obtinentibus, subvenere triginta Christiani confratres, qui illos viginti fortiter incursantes de montis apice usque ad ipsas Turcorum insidias in fugam reddiderunt. His viginti fugam ad societatem maturantibus, sexaginta Turci equites ab insidiis erumpunt, viri fortissimi et in equis doctissimi, qui mox triginta Christianos equites in arcu et sagitta amoventes, in eodem permanserunt.

Of whom they perceived twenty horsemen running forward against them [0477A], who kept ten men from the mountain's summit. But with the ten Christians yielding because of the Turks' too‑near ambushes, and with those twenty holding the mountain's apex, thirty Christian brethren came to their aid, who, boldly charging those twenty, put them to flight from the mountain's peak as far as the very ambushes of the Turks. While those twenty hastened their flight toward the company, sixty Turkish horsemen burst forth from the ambushes, very brave men and most skilled on horseback, who soon, driving off thirty Christian horsemen with bow and arrow, remained there.

Visa siquidem illorum audacia et incursu, sexaginta pariter equites Christiani, sexaginta occurrere Turcis in monte, interim toto exercitu Christianorum appropiante, qui eos repente de monte fugatos, in [0477B] valle, quo Turcorum manus et virtus juxta montana adunata erat, celeri fuga remiserunt. Ad haec tota vis Turcorum ab insidiis consurgit, et sexaginta equites Gallorum jam pravium montis tenentes, gravissima coeperunt insecutione urgere, ac per medium montis cacumen usque ad ipsam vallem, quam appropians Christianus exercitus occupavit, retulerunt.

Seeing indeed their audacity and attack, sixty Christian horsemen, to meet sixty Turks, encountered them on the mountain, meanwhile the whole Christian army drawing near; and those Turks, suddenly driven from the mountain, were sent back in swift flight into the valley [0477B], where the Turks' band and strength had been gathered beside the mountains. At this the whole force of the Turks rose from their ambushes, and sixty knights of the Gauls, already holding the mountain's slopes, began to press with the most grievous pursuit, and drove them back across the middle of the mountain's summit as far as the very valley which the approaching Christian army had occupied.

CAP. LXV. - Ubi dux loricatum Turcum uno ictu medium dividit; et post cruentam pugnam fideles victoria comitatur.

CHAPTER 65. - Where the leader cleaves a loricate Turk through the middle with one stroke; and after a bloody fight the faithful are accompanied by victory.

Turci quidem videntes se nimium processisse, et Christianum exercitum immobilem permanere, nec aliqua formidine posse averti a proposito, sed adversum se festinato contendere, frustra fugam arripiunt. [0477C] Galli nihilominus ad persequendum instant; qui in memento permisti, quia cominus ad invicem confluxerant, cruenta caede in Turcos saeviunt in ultionem suorum attritorum, et a portu Simeonis redeuntium. Hac in fuga Turcorum et proximatione Christianorum, non parce eos caedentium, plurimae copiae, quae a moenibus undique ad portam confluxerant, Turcorum caeterorumque reditum operientes, sed non videntes fortunam illorum eversam et casus eorum miserrimos, patefaciunt januam, et in patulis campis armati procedunt, ut suis augerent vires et fiduciam darent urbem intrandi.

The Turks, indeed, seeing that they had advanced too far, and that the Christian army remained immobile and could not be turned from its purpose by any fear, but were hastening to press against them, in vain seized flight. [0477C] The Franks nevertheless pressed on in pursuit; who, mingled in the mêlée, because they had come together at close quarters, wreaked bloody slaughter upon the Turks in vengeance for their own crushed men and those returning from the port of Simeon. In this rout of the Turks and the Christians’ approach, not sparing them who were cutting down, very many forces that had flowed from the walls on all sides to the gate, covering the return of the other Turks, but not perceiving that their fortune was overturned and their plight miserable, opened the gate, and armed on the open fields advanced, so as to augment their own strength and give confidence for entering the city.

Jam ex utraque parte fidelium et infidelium permisti erant equites et pedites. Dux vero Godefridus, cujus manus bello doctissima erat, plurima capita, licet galea tecta, ibidem amputasse, [0477D] refertur ore illorum qui praesentes oculis perspexerunt. Dum sic plurimo belli labore desudaret, mediisque in hostibus plurimam stragem exerceret, Turcum, mirabile dictu!

Now on both sides horsemen and footmen of the faithful and of the infidels were mingled. But the leader Godefridus, whose hand was most skilled in war, is reported by the mouths of those who saw it with their own eyes to have there cut off very many heads, although covered with helmets, [0477D] while thus he sweated from the greatest toil of war, and wrought very great slaughter amid the enemies — a Turk, wonderful to tell!

sibi arcu importunum acutissimo ense duas divisit in partes lorica indutum: cujus corporis medietas a pectore sursum sabulo cecidit, altera adhuc cruribus equum complexa, in medium pontem ante urbis moenia refertur, ubi lapsa remansit. Hoc prospero eventu laetati, Robertus Flandrensis, Robertus comes Northmannorum, [0478A] Cano de Monteacuto, comes Reymundus et omnis nobilitas Galliae quae aderat, hostes impetu equorum perrumpunt, multos hasta et gladio perforant, in pontem moribundos cogunt tendere. Ubi prae nimia pressura, quam pons sustinere nequiverat (quia tot fugientibus sua latitudo non sufficiebat), plurimi e ponte cadentes undis Fernae involvuntur.

with a most keen sword he cut in two the cuirass that clothed him: one half of whose body fell forward from the chest onto the sand, the other, still clinging to the horse by the legs, was carried into the middle of the bridge before the city’s walls, where, having slipped, it remained. Rejoicing at this fortunate event, Robert of Flanders, Robert the count of the Normans, [0478A] Cano of Monte Acuto, Count Reymund, and all the nobility of Gaul who were present, broke the enemies by a charge of horses, pierce many with spear and sword, and force the dying to be driven onto the bridge. Where, by reason of the excessive pressure which the bridge could not sustain (because its breadth was insufficient for so many fleeing), very many, falling from the bridge, were swept away in the waters of the Ferna.

Boemundus, qui per juga rupium, solis ibicibus pervia elapsus cum caeteris comparibus ad societatem gratia Dei salvus redierat, in eodem sanguinis opere atrociter desudans, socios commonet et consolatur; a ponte vero labentes hostes hasta perforatos gladio trucidat. Pedites denique jucundati hoc triumpho, corruentes et densatos in pontis margine et alvei crepidine lanceis impetunt, ab occisione non ante [0478B] manum continentes, donec sanguine occisorum totus immutaretur fluvius. His itaque prospere finitis Christianisque readunatis, et Turcos adhuc insequentibus in ponte, et portam cum eisdem intrare conantibus, porta ab interioribus extemplo obstruitur, sociosque misere exclusos inter percussorum manus relinquunt.

Boemund, who having slipped through the ridges of the rocks, passable only by the soles of the feet, had returned safe to the company by the grace of God with his other comrades, sweating atrociously in the same work of blood, admonishes and comforts his fellows; and from the bridge he slaughters the enemies who, slipping, had been pierced by spear with the sword. Finally the foot soldiers, to the joy of this triumph, falling and packed on the margin of the bridge and the bank of the channel, press the attack with spears, not restraining their hand from slaughter before [0478B] the blood of the slain had changed the whole river. These things thus successfully accomplished and the Christians reassembled, and with the Turks still pursuing on the bridge and trying to enter the gate with them, the gate was at once barred from within, and they miserably leave their companions shut out among the hands of the struck.

Haec certamina, et Christianorum recens victoria una die acta sancta sunt mense Martio: et viri Turcorum, tam qui in bello ceciderunt quam qui in undis perierunt, mille et quingenti computati sunt.

These contests, and the Christians' recent victory, achieved in a single day, were sanctified in the month of March: and the men of the Turks, both those who fell in battle and those who perished in the waves, were counted 1,500.

CAP. LXVI. - Quidam obsessorum Antiochiae ad Christianos clanculo confugerunt, et praesidium juxta pontem exstructum custodiae Reymundi delegatum est.

CHAPTER 66. - Some of the besiegers of Antioch secretly took refuge with the Christians, and a garrison built beside the bridge was entrusted to the custody of Reymundus.

[0478C] Victis in nomine Domini Jesu Christi tam ferocissimis Turcorum cuneis, et crudeli caede fugaque in portam urbis coactis, atque Christianis cum magna victoriae gloria in tentoria relatis, ab ipsa die et deinceps gentilium animi coeperunt mollescere, et assultus eorum ante creberrimi prorsus deficere, insidiae quiescere, virtus eorum languescere; timor quamplurimos eorum adeo invadere, ut aliqui a civitate et suorum societate subtracti in noctu migrarent, et Christianos se velle fieri confitentes Christianorum se principibus commendarent. Commendati vero et Christianorum turbis sociati, retulerunt quanta suorum pertulissent damna, et quanta de casu illorum per totam urbem exercuissent lamenta. Admirandos etiam duodecim potentissimos regis [0478D] Darsiani vespere illo in eodem praelio cecidisse asserebant, de quorum nece planctus et gemitus totam conturbabat Antiochiam.

[0478C] With the most ferocious columns of the Turks having been defeated in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, and with cruel slaughter and flight driven into the city gate, and the Christians carried back to their tents with great glory of victory, from that very day onward the minds of the gentiles began to soften, and their assaults, formerly most frequent, utterly failed, ambushes ceased, their valor languished; fear so seized very many of them that some, withdrawn from the city and from the fellowship of their own, fled by night, and, confessing that they wished to become Christians, entrusted themselves to the leaders of the Christians. Having been commended and joined to the throngs of Christians, they related how great losses their people had endured, and how great lamentations throughout the whole city they had raised over the fate of those. They also asserted that twelve most powerful men of King [0478D] Darsianus fell that same evening in the same engagement, whose deaths’ mourning and wailing disturbed all Antioch.

Quarta dehinc orta die, dux et universi principes exercitus Dei a tentoriis egressi in virtute magna, praesidium quod decreverant, in vertice praedicti montis ante pontem et portam urbis congerie lapidum et bitumine fragilis luti aedificantes, tutissimo vallo munierunt, comitis Reymundi custodiam in ea constituentes cum quingentis viris militaris audaciae et industriae.

On the fourth day then arisen, the duke and all the princes of the army of God, having departed from their tents with great vigour, fortified the garrison which they had resolved upon on the summit of the aforesaid mountain before the bridge and gate of the city, building a mound of stones and of bitumen and of fragile clay, with a most secure rampart, placing the custody to Count Reymund therein with five hundred men of military audacity and industry.