Ruaeus: Philadelphia MDCCCXXXII p. Ch. n.
Ruaeus•Philadelphia MDCCCXXXII p. Ch. n.
Abbo Floriacensis1 work
Abelard3 works
Addison9 works
Adso Dervensis1 work
Aelredus Rievallensis1 work
Alanus de Insulis2 works
Albert of Aix1 work
HISTORIA HIEROSOLYMITANAE EXPEDITIONIS12 sections
Albertano of Brescia5 works
DE AMORE ET DILECTIONE DEI4 sections
SERMONES4 sections
Alcuin9 works
Alfonsi1 work
Ambrose4 works
Ambrosius4 works
Ammianus1 work
Ampelius1 work
Andrea da Bergamo1 work
Andreas Capellanus1 work
DE AMORE LIBRI TRES3 sections
Annales Regni Francorum1 work
Annales Vedastini1 work
Annales Xantenses1 work
Anonymus Neveleti1 work
Anonymus Valesianus2 works
Apicius1 work
DE RE COQUINARIA5 sections
Appendix Vergiliana1 work
Apuleius2 works
METAMORPHOSES12 sections
DE DOGMATE PLATONIS6 sections
Aquinas6 works
Archipoeta1 work
Arnobius1 work
ADVERSVS NATIONES LIBRI VII7 sections
Arnulf of Lisieux1 work
Asconius1 work
Asserius1 work
Augustine5 works
CONFESSIONES13 sections
DE CIVITATE DEI23 sections
DE TRINITATE15 sections
CONTRA SECUNDAM IULIANI RESPONSIONEM2 sections
Augustus1 work
RES GESTAE DIVI AVGVSTI2 sections
Aurelius Victor1 work
LIBER ET INCERTORVM LIBRI3 sections
Ausonius2 works
Avianus1 work
Avienus2 works
Bacon3 works
HISTORIA REGNI HENRICI SEPTIMI REGIS ANGLIAE11 sections
Balde2 works
Baldo1 work
Bebel1 work
Bede2 works
HISTORIAM ECCLESIASTICAM GENTIS ANGLORUM7 sections
Benedict1 work
Berengar1 work
Bernard of Clairvaux1 work
Bernard of Cluny1 work
DE CONTEMPTU MUNDI LIBRI DUO2 sections
Biblia Sacra3 works
VETUS TESTAMENTUM49 sections
NOVUM TESTAMENTUM27 sections
Bigges1 work
Boethius de Dacia2 works
Bonaventure1 work
Breve Chronicon Northmannicum1 work
Buchanan1 work
Bultelius2 works
Caecilius Balbus1 work
Caesar3 works
COMMENTARIORUM LIBRI VII DE BELLO GALLICO CUM A. HIRTI SUPPLEMENTO8 sections
COMMENTARIORUM LIBRI III DE BELLO CIVILI3 sections
LIBRI INCERTORUM AUCTORUM3 sections
Calpurnius Flaccus1 work
Calpurnius Siculus1 work
Campion8 works
Carmen Arvale1 work
Carmen de Martyrio1 work
Carmen in Victoriam1 work
Carmen Saliare1 work
Carmina Burana1 work
Cassiodorus5 works
Catullus1 work
Censorinus1 work
Christian Creeds1 work
Cicero3 works
ORATORIA33 sections
PHILOSOPHIA21 sections
EPISTULAE4 sections
Cinna Helvius1 work
Claudian4 works
Claudii Oratio1 work
Claudius Caesar1 work
Columbus1 work
Columella2 works
Commodianus3 works
Conradus Celtis2 works
Constitutum Constantini1 work
Contemporary9 works
Cotta1 work
Dante4 works
Dares the Phrygian1 work
de Ave Phoenice1 work
De Expugnatione Terrae Sanctae per Saladinum1 work
Declaratio Arbroathis1 work
Decretum Gelasianum1 work
Descartes1 work
Dies Irae1 work
Disticha Catonis1 work
Egeria1 work
ITINERARIUM PEREGRINATIO2 sections
Einhard1 work
Ennius1 work
Epistolae Austrasicae1 work
Epistulae de Priapismo1 work
Erasmus7 works
Erchempert1 work
Eucherius1 work
Eugippius1 work
Eutropius1 work
BREVIARIVM HISTORIAE ROMANAE10 sections
Exurperantius1 work
Fabricius Montanus1 work
Falcandus1 work
Falcone di Benevento1 work
Ficino1 work
Fletcher1 work
Florus1 work
EPITOME DE T. LIVIO BELLORUM OMNIUM ANNORUM DCC LIBRI DUO2 sections
Foedus Aeternum1 work
Forsett2 works
Fredegarius1 work
Frodebertus & Importunus1 work
Frontinus3 works
STRATEGEMATA4 sections
DE AQUAEDUCTU URBIS ROMAE2 sections
OPUSCULA RERUM RUSTICARUM4 sections
Fulgentius3 works
MITOLOGIARUM LIBRI TRES3 sections
Gaius4 works
Galileo1 work
Garcilaso de la Vega1 work
Gaudeamus Igitur1 work
Gellius1 work
Germanicus1 work
Gesta Francorum10 works
Gesta Romanorum1 work
Gioacchino da Fiore1 work
Godfrey of Winchester2 works
Grattius1 work
Gregorii Mirabilia Urbis Romae1 work
Gregorius Magnus1 work
Gregory IX5 works
Gregory of Tours1 work
LIBRI HISTORIARUM10 sections
Gregory the Great1 work
Gregory VII1 work
Gwinne8 works
Henry of Settimello1 work
Henry VII1 work
Historia Apolloni1 work
Historia Augusta30 works
Historia Brittonum1 work
Holberg1 work
Horace3 works
SERMONES2 sections
CARMINA4 sections
EPISTULAE5 sections
Hugo of St. Victor2 works
Hydatius2 works
Hyginus3 works
Hymni1 work
Hymni et cantica1 work
Iacobus de Voragine1 work
LEGENDA AUREA24 sections
Ilias Latina1 work
Iordanes2 works
Isidore of Seville3 works
ETYMOLOGIARVM SIVE ORIGINVM LIBRI XX20 sections
SENTENTIAE LIBRI III3 sections
Iulius Obsequens1 work
Iulius Paris1 work
Ius Romanum4 works
Janus Secundus2 works
Johann H. Withof1 work
Johann P. L. Withof1 work
Johannes de Alta Silva1 work
Johannes de Plano Carpini1 work
John of Garland1 work
Jordanes2 works
Julius Obsequens1 work
Junillus1 work
Justin1 work
HISTORIARVM PHILIPPICARVM T. POMPEII TROGI LIBRI XLIV IN EPITOMEN REDACTI46 sections
Justinian3 works
INSTITVTIONES5 sections
CODEX12 sections
DIGESTA50 sections
Juvenal1 work
Kepler1 work
Landor4 works
Laurentius Corvinus2 works
Legenda Regis Stephani1 work
Leo of Naples1 work
HISTORIA DE PRELIIS ALEXANDRI MAGNI3 sections
Leo the Great1 work
SERMONES DE QUADRAGESIMA2 sections
Liber Kalilae et Dimnae1 work
Liber Pontificalis1 work
Livius Andronicus1 work
Livy1 work
AB VRBE CONDITA LIBRI37 sections
Lotichius1 work
Lucan1 work
DE BELLO CIVILI SIVE PHARSALIA10 sections
Lucretius1 work
DE RERVM NATVRA LIBRI SEX6 sections
Lupus Protospatarius Barensis1 work
Macarius of Alexandria1 work
Macarius the Great1 work
Magna Carta1 work
Maidstone1 work
Malaterra1 work
DE REBUS GESTIS ROGERII CALABRIAE ET SICILIAE COMITIS ET ROBERTI GUISCARDI DUCIS FRATRIS EIUS4 sections
Manilius1 work
ASTRONOMICON5 sections
Marbodus Redonensis1 work
Marcellinus Comes2 works
Martial1 work
Martin of Braga13 works
Marullo1 work
Marx1 work
Maximianus1 work
May1 work
SUPPLEMENTUM PHARSALIAE8 sections
Melanchthon4 works
Milton1 work
Minucius Felix1 work
Mirabilia Urbis Romae1 work
Mirandola1 work
CARMINA9 sections
Miscellanea Carminum42 works
Montanus1 work
Naevius1 work
Navagero1 work
Nemesianus1 work
ECLOGAE4 sections
Nepos3 works
LIBER DE EXCELLENTIBUS DVCIBUS EXTERARVM GENTIVM24 sections
Newton1 work
PHILOSOPHIÆ NATURALIS PRINCIPIA MATHEMATICA4 sections
Nithardus1 work
HISTORIARUM LIBRI QUATTUOR4 sections
Notitia Dignitatum2 works
Novatian1 work
Origo gentis Langobardorum1 work
Orosius1 work
HISTORIARUM ADVERSUM PAGANOS LIBRI VII7 sections
Otto of Freising1 work
GESTA FRIDERICI IMPERATORIS5 sections
Ovid7 works
METAMORPHOSES15 sections
AMORES3 sections
HEROIDES21 sections
ARS AMATORIA3 sections
TRISTIA5 sections
EX PONTO4 sections
Owen1 work
Papal Bulls4 works
Pascoli5 works
Passerat1 work
Passio Perpetuae1 work
Patricius1 work
Tome I: Panaugia2 sections
Paulinus Nolensis1 work
Paulus Diaconus4 works
Persius1 work
Pervigilium Veneris1 work
Petronius2 works
Petrus Blesensis1 work
Petrus de Ebulo1 work
Phaedrus2 works
FABVLARVM AESOPIARVM LIBRI QVINQVE5 sections
Phineas Fletcher1 work
Planctus destructionis1 work
Plautus21 works
Pliny the Younger2 works
EPISTVLARVM LIBRI DECEM10 sections
Poggio Bracciolini1 work
Pomponius Mela1 work
DE CHOROGRAPHIA3 sections
Pontano1 work
Poree1 work
Porphyrius1 work
Precatio Terrae1 work
Priapea1 work
Professio Contra Priscillianum1 work
Propertius1 work
ELEGIAE4 sections
Prosperus3 works
Prudentius2 works
Pseudoplatonica12 works
Publilius Syrus1 work
Quintilian2 works
INSTITUTIONES12 sections
Raoul of Caen1 work
Regula ad Monachos1 work
Reposianus1 work
Ricardi de Bury1 work
Richerus1 work
HISTORIARUM LIBRI QUATUOR4 sections
Rimbaud1 work
Ritchie's Fabulae Faciles1 work
Roman Epitaphs1 work
Roman Inscriptions1 work
Ruaeus1 work
Ruaeus' Aeneid1 work
Rutilius Lupus1 work
Rutilius Namatianus1 work
Sabinus1 work
EPISTULAE TRES AD OVIDIANAS EPISTULAS RESPONSORIAE3 sections
Sallust10 works
Sannazaro2 works
Scaliger1 work
Sedulius2 works
CARMEN PASCHALE5 sections
Seneca9 works
EPISTULAE MORALES AD LUCILIUM16 sections
QUAESTIONES NATURALES7 sections
DE CONSOLATIONE3 sections
DE IRA3 sections
DE BENEFICIIS3 sections
DIALOGI7 sections
FABULAE8 sections
Septem Sapientum1 work
Sidonius Apollinaris2 works
Sigebert of Gembloux3 works
Silius Italicus1 work
Solinus2 works
DE MIRABILIBUS MUNDI Mommsen 1st edition (1864)4 sections
DE MIRABILIBUS MUNDI C.L.F. Panckoucke edition (Paris 1847)4 sections
Spinoza1 work
Statius3 works
THEBAID12 sections
ACHILLEID2 sections
Stephanus de Varda1 work
Suetonius2 works
Sulpicia1 work
Sulpicius Severus2 works
CHRONICORUM LIBRI DUO2 sections
Syrus1 work
Tacitus5 works
Terence6 works
Tertullian32 works
Testamentum Porcelli1 work
Theodolus1 work
Theodosius16 works
Theophanes1 work
Thomas à Kempis1 work
DE IMITATIONE CHRISTI4 sections
Thomas of Edessa1 work
Tibullus1 work
TIBVLLI ALIORVMQUE CARMINVM LIBRI TRES3 sections
Tünger1 work
Valerius Flaccus1 work
Valerius Maximus1 work
FACTORVM ET DICTORVM MEMORABILIVM LIBRI NOVEM9 sections
Vallauri1 work
Varro2 works
RERVM RVSTICARVM DE AGRI CVLTURA3 sections
DE LINGVA LATINA7 sections
Vegetius1 work
EPITOMA REI MILITARIS LIBRI IIII4 sections
Velleius Paterculus1 work
HISTORIAE ROMANAE2 sections
Venantius Fortunatus1 work
Vico1 work
Vida1 work
Vincent of Lérins1 work
Virgil3 works
AENEID12 sections
ECLOGUES10 sections
GEORGICON4 sections
Vita Agnetis1 work
Vita Caroli IV1 work
Vita Sancti Columbae2 works
Vitruvius1 work
DE ARCHITECTVRA10 sections
Waardenburg1 work
Waltarius3 works
Walter Mapps2 works
Walter of Châtillon1 work
William of Apulia1 work
William of Conches2 works
William of Tyre1 work
HISTORIA RERUM IN PARTIBUS TRANSMARINIS GESTARUM24 sections
Xylander1 work
Zonaras1 work
Aeneis poema heroicum, sive epicum, ab Aenea Troiano, Veneris et Anchisae filio, Priami genero, nomen habet: non quod actiones illius omnes comprehendat, sed unam inter omnes praecipuam, scilicet regnum in Italia fundatum. Scripta est a Virgilio in gratiam, tum Romanae totius gentis, tum familiae imprimis Iuliae, quae originem referebat suam ad Iulum sive Ascanium, Aeneae filium ex Creusa Priami filia. In hanc porro familiam adscitus a Iulio Caesare avunculo fuerat Octavianus, tunc rerum potens, atque Egypto subacta, M. Antonio et Cleopatra interfectis, unus orbis Romani dominus. Scribi capta est, Anno U. C. 724 exeunte, Virgilii 40, Octaviani 33, (id est, 31 a. Ch. n.) cum Octavianus in Asia non longe ab Euphrate hiemaret; atque ita Virgilius post adhibitam Georgicis extremam manum, continuo animum Aeneidi videtur applicuisse; in eaque annos, ut habet Servius, undecim collocasse, quot ab eo tempore ad mortem Virgilii omnino numerantur. Secutus est Virgilius, ut in Bucolicis Theocritum, in Georgicis Hesiodum; ita in Aeneide Homerum, cuius Odysseam sex prioribus libris, Iliadem sex posterioribus, expressit, an etiam superavit? id vero ambigitur inter doctos.
Aeneid, a heroic, or epic, poem, takes its name from Aeneas the Trojan, son of Venus and Anchises, son-in-law of Priam; not because it comprehends all his actions, but one among all most principal, namely the kingdom founded in Italy. Written by Virgil for the favor both of the whole Roman people and especially of the Julian family, which referred its origin to Iulus, or Ascanius, the son of Aeneas by Creusa, daughter of Priam. Into this family moreover there had been adopted by his uncle Julius Caesar, Octavian, then powerful in affairs, and, Egypt having been subdued, Mark Antony and Cleopatra slain, the sole lord of the Roman world. It began to be written at the close of the Year U. C. 724, in Virgil’s 40th year, in Octavian’s 33rd (that is, 31 B.C.), when Octavian was wintering in Asia not far from the Euphrates; and thus Virgil, after applying the final hand to the Georgics, seems immediately to have devoted his mind to the Aeneid; and to have spent on it, as Servius has it, eleven years, as many as are counted altogether from that time to the death of Virgil. Virgil followed, as in the Bucolics Theocritus, in the Georgics Hesiod; so in the Aeneid Homer, whose Odyssey in the first six books, the Iliad in the latter six, he reproduced—did he even surpass him? on that point the learned are in doubt.
Liber I:
Propositione et invocatione
praemissis, narratio incipit a septimo Aeneae expeditionis anno, quo tempore,
Troianis e Sicilia in Italiam solventibus, Iuno tempestatem excitat conciliato
sibi Aeolo. Sedat tempestatem Neptunus. Naves Aeneae septem
in portum Africae se recipiunt, reliquis alio disiectis.
Book 1:
With the proposition and invocation premised, the narration begins from the seventh year of Aeneas’s expedition, at which time, as the Trojans were putting out from Sicily to Italy, Juno arouses a tempest, having won Aeolus to her side. Neptune calms the tempest. Seven of Aeneas’s ships take refuge into a harbor of Africa, the rest scattered elsewhere.
Venus, in the garb of a huntress, meets Aeneas, as he explores the region with Achates. And with the condition of Dido and of the region indicated, she sends both, shrouded in a cloud, to Carthage. There Aeneas, having entered the temple, first happens upon paintings of the Trojan war, then upon Dido, and upon his companions, whom he had supposed overwhelmed by the waves, as suppliants before Dido. Aeneas presents himself to view.
Liber II:
Narrat Didoni Aeneas
Troiani excidii seriem; ea est eiusmodi. Graeci decennali bello
paene fracti, dolo capere urbem constituunt. Fugam simulant;
circa Tenedum insulam latent; equum relinquunt in castris, foetum
intus militibus.
Book 2:
Aeneas narrates to Dido
the series of the Trojan downfall; it is of this sort. The Greeks, almost broken by a decennial war,
resolve to seize the city by a stratagem. They feign flight;
they lie hidden around the island of Tenedos; they leave a horse in the camp, pregnant within with soldiers.
Whereupon, by the fraud of Sinon, to whom the death of Laocoön was giving credence, it having been led into the city. By night, with its belly unbarred, the Greeks erupt. With the army admitted, they ravage Troy with iron and fire. Aeneas is admonished in dreams by Hector to consult for himself by flight.
Aeneas, preferring death to flight, with a collected band slays several Greeks. And having taken up their arms, he is almost overwhelmed by the missiles of his own men. But when the palace had been laid waste, Priam having been slain by the hand of Pyrrhus, Aeneas returns home, commits to his father Anchises the sacra and the Penates, sets him upon his own shoulders, and, with his son Ascanius and his wife Creusa, takes to flight.
Liber III:
Pergit Aeneas ennare
Didoni casus suos, quorum altera pars hoc libro continetur, nempe navigatio.
Aeneas incensa Troia, classe vidinti navium ad urbem Antandrum clam fabricata,
defertur in Thracim. Ubi cum urbem conderet, territus prodigio caesi
a Polymnestore rege Polydori, navigat in insulam Delum, consulturus oraculum
Apollinis. A quo monitus ut antiquam matrem exquireret, Anchisae
interpretatione Cretam esse insulam ratus, Troianae gentis originem, eo
contendit, urbemque novam aedificat.
Book 3:
Aeneas goes on to recount to Dido his misfortunes, the other part of which is contained in this book, namely the navigation.
After Troy was burned, with a fleet of twenty ships secretly outfitted at the city Antandros,
he is borne to Thrace. Where, when he was founding a city, terrified by the prodigy of Polydorus
slain by King Polymnestor, he sails to the island Delos to consult the oracle
of Apollo. By which warned to seek the ancient mother, and by Anchises’ interpretation
thinking Crete to be the island, the origin of the Trojan race, he hastens thither,
and builds a new city.
But from there, driven off by pest, and warned in dreams by the Penates that Italy is the true cradle of the Trojans, he seeks Italy. On the journey, driven by a tempest to the Strophades islands, he finds them infested with Harpies, from one of whom he hears that he will not fix his seats in Italy before he has been compelled by hunger to consume the tables. Hence borne to the promontory of Actium, there he celebrates games.
Then, having made landfall in Epirus, he finds Andromache
now the wife of Helenus, and, Pyrrhus having died, reigning in Chaonia, the part of Epirus.
He hears from Helenus, king and seer alike, that a seat has been prepared for him by the gods in Italy:
in that place where he should find a white sow having borne thirty offspring. He is admonished
by the same, not to settle in the nearest part of Italy, for fear of the Greeks, who had been scattered there by the winds;
then not to cross the Sicilian strait, for fear of Scylla
and Charybdis; but, with his course bent toward the west, to go around Sicily.
Therefore, with Epirus left behind, he sailed past Tarentum, which is on the neighboring coast of Italy, and that part of Sicily
nearest to Mount Aetna. Thence he receives as a suppliant
Achaemenides, a companion of Ulysses, and by him taught of the ferocity of the Cyclopes, with all
the precepts of Helenus observed, at length he reaches Deparnum, a western port of Sicily,
where Anchises dies.
Liber IV:
Dido amores in Aenam
suos Annae sorori aperit. Eiusque consilio animum adiicit ad nuptias
Iuno, ut Aeneam ab Italia deducat, agit cum Venere de conciliandis inter
utrumque nuptiis. Aeneas ac Dido venatum abeunt, subortaque Iunonis
artibus tempestate, confugiunt in antrum.
Book 4:
Dido reveals her loves for Aeneas
to her sister Anna. By her counsel she sets her mind to nuptials
Juno, in order to lead Aeneas away from Italy, negotiates with Venus about bringing about nuptials between
the two. Aeneas and Dido go off to hunt, and, a tempest having arisen by Juno’s
arts, they take refuge in a cave.
And in the same place that false and ill-omened (inauspicious) conjugal union is consummated. Iarbas, king of the Getulians, son of Jupiter Ammon, Dido’s suitor, indignant that a stranger is preferred to himself, complains gravely before Jupiter. Jupiter, induced both by his prayers and by the fates urging, sends Mercury to Aeneas to order him to depart for Italy.
Secretly Aeneas prepares all things necessary for navigation; Dido, having suspected this, tries to deter him from his inception with prayers and tears, now by herself, now through her sister. Aeneas, again admonished by Mercury in dreams, in the dead of night loosens the anchors. Dido, unable to endure the pain, ascending a pyre built under the pretense of a sacred magical rite, with Aeneas’s very sword takes her own life.
I. Sorori amorem aperit, v. 9
II. Dissuadet Aeneae profectionem, v. 305
III. Eidem multa exprobrat, et multa comminatur, v. 365
IV. Sororem adhibet apud Aeneam conciliatricem, v. 416
V. Desperatis omnibus, specie sacri magici, moriendi consilium sorori dissimulat,
v. 478
VI. Secum ipsa noctu varia consilia agitat, v. 534
VII. Fugientum Troianorum aspectu extremum furit, v. 590
VIII.
1. She discloses love to her sister, v. 9
2. She dissuades Aeneas’s departure, v. 305
3. To him she reproaches many things, and threatens many things, v. 365
4. She employs her sister as a conciliatrix with Aeneas, v. 416
5. With all things despaired of, under the guise of a magical sacred rite, she dissimulates to her sister the plan of dying, v. 478
6. With herself by night she agitates various counsels, v. 534
7. At the sight of the fleeing Trojans she rages to the utmost, v. 590
8.
Accusant Virgilium aliqui, quod ex Argonauticis Apollonii libro 4 multa decerpserit; quos damnat Scaliger: neque convenit argumentum, nisi hoc uno, quod hospitem hic Dido, illic Medea, suum ament. At nihil admodum, praeter comoparationes pauculas, inde excerptum est, qualia etiam nonnulla ex Calypsus et Ulyssis amoribus, Ody. lib. 5 tum ex Euripidis Medea et Hyppolyto, et Catulli carmine de Pelei nuptiis, excerpta sunt.
Some accuse Virgil of having excerpted many things from Apollonius’s Argonautica, book 4; whom Scaliger condemns: nor does the argument agree, except in this one respect, that here Dido, there Medea, love their guest. But almost nothing, apart from a few comparisons, was taken from there, of the sort of which there are also some from the loves of Calypso and Ulysses, Ody. book 5, then from Euripides’ Medea and Hippolytus, and from Catullus’s poem on the nuptials of Peleus, have been excerpted.
Liber V:
Aeneas, e Libya in
Italiam navigans, deflectere in Siciliam vi tempestatis cogitur;
ubi ab Aceste Troiano benevole exceptus; patri, quem illic superiore
anno mors abstulerat, anniversarium celebrat sacrum, ludosque quattuor,
cursum navalem, ac pedestrem, caestuum pugnam, sagittarum eiaculationem,
quibus addit Ascanius equestrem decursum. Interim Troianae mulieres,
Iunonis impulsu, hortatu Iridis, taedio navigationis, incendunt naves;
quarum quattuor exuruntur, ceterae immissa a Iove pluvia servantur.
Quare suadet Aenea Nautes, ut avecto secum iuvenum flore, senes ac mulieres
i Sicilia relinquat. Firmat id consilium Anchises in somnis.
Idemque suaded Aeneae ut appulsus in Italiam adeat Sibyllam; eaque
duce descendat ad inferos, ubi posterorum seriem et eventus docebitur.
Paret Aeneas patris monitis, et condita in Sicilia urbe Acesta, Neptuno
per Venerem conciliato, solvit in Italiam; quo in curso Palinurus
navis gubernator dormiens in mare excutitur.
Book 5:
Aeneas, sailing from Libya to
Italy, is compelled by the force of a tempest to turn aside into Sicily;
where he is benevolently received by Acestes the Trojan; for his father, whom death had taken away there the previous year, he celebrates the anniversary sacred rite, and four games: a naval race, and a pedestrian race, a boxing bout, and the discharge of arrows, to which Ascanius adds an equestrian decursus.
Meanwhile the Trojan women, at Juno’s impulse, by Iris’s exhortation, out of weariness of navigation, set the ships on fire;
of which four are burned up, the rest are saved by rain sent in by Jove.
Therefore Nautes advises Aeneas that, with the flower of the young men carried away with him, he should leave the old men and the women in Sicily. Anchises in dreams strengthens that plan.
And the same advises Aeneas that, having made landfall in Italy, he should go to the Sibyl; and, with her as leader, he should descend to the underworld, where he will be taught the sequence of his descendants and their outcomes.
Aeneas obeys his father’s counsels, and, the city Acesta founded in Sicily, Neptune reconciled through Venus, he sets sail to Italy; on which course Palinurus, the ship’s helmsman, while sleeping, is cast forth into the sea.
Liber VI:
Reppulsus Aeneas
in Italiam ad Cumas, petit antrum Sibylla Deiphobes. Dumque varia
Phoebo in templo descripta contemplatur, iubetur victimas caedere. Peractisque
sacrificiis, consulit Sibyllam de futuris eventibus, deque decensu ad inferos.
Sibylla tria respondet: Bellum ab Italis instare gravissimum;
ramum aureum, inventu perdifficilem, adeunti inferos parandum esse;
denique unum ex amicis in litore mortem interim obisse.
BOOK 6:
Driven back, Aeneas
into Italy to Cumae, seeks the cave of the Sibyl Deiphobe. And while he
contemplates the various things described in the temple of Phoebus, he is ordered to slaughter victims. With the sacrifices completed,
he consults the Sibyl about future events, and about the descent to the underworld.
The Sibyl answers three things: that a war from the Italians is imminently at hand, most grave;
that the golden bough, of most difficult discovery, must be procured by one going down to the underworld;
finally, that one of his friends has meanwhile met death on the shore.
Aeneas returns
to his own, he finds Misenus dead; while a forest is being cut down for building his
pyre, doves, birds of Venus, lead Aeneas to the golden tree.
Here therefore, the funeral having been discharged, and with nocturnal sacrifices, having venerated the divinities of the Underworld at the Avernian cave,
he descends to the Underworld with the Sibyl as guide. He saw
there:
IV. In limine, Cerberum, canem, quem sopit obiecta offa.
V. Ultra limen, sedes varias, quas incolebant:
Infantes
Iniusta morte damnati
Propria manu perempti
Amantes, in quibus Dido
Bellatores, inter quos Deiphobus, alique Troiani et Graeci duces
VI. Ad sinistram, eminus carcerem vidit impiorum poenis destinatum, quem locum adire non possit; a Sibylla varia variorum supplicia edocetur, Gigantum, Salmonei, Lapitharum, Ixionis, Thesei, &c.
VII.
In the very river, the Charonian ferryman, whom, as he quarrels with him about the entry, he soothes at the sight of the golden bough.
4. On the threshold, Cerberus, the dog, whom he lulls to sleep by a proffered morsel.
5. Beyond the threshold, the various abodes, which were inhabited by:
Infants
Those condemned by unjust death
Those slain by their own hand
Lovers, among whom Dido
Warriors, among whom Deiphobus, and other Trojan and Greek leaders
6. To the left, from afar he saw the prison of the impious destined for punishments, a place which he could not approach; by the Sibyl he is taught the various punishments of various persons—the Giants, Salmoneus, the Lapiths, Ixion, Theseus, &c.
7.
VIII. Anchises multa de animarum natura iuxta Pythagorae documenta praefatus, clarissimum quemque posterorum ad usque Augustum ei ostendit.
With the path turned to the right, he came to the Elysian fields, where, having encountered many heroes, having been informed by Musaeus about the place and the condition of its inhabitants, and about Anchises, he happened upon Anchises himself.
8. Anchises, having prefaced many things about the nature of souls according to the doctrines of Pythagoras, showed to him each most illustrious one of his descendants, up to Augustus.
IX. Denique perlustratis omnibus, per eburneam somni portam Aeneas ad suos revertitur, et e Cumano litore, ad Caietanum navigat.(verba 260)
9. Finally, with all things thoroughly surveyed, through the ivory gate of sleep Aeneas returns to his own, and from the Cumaean shore he sails to Caieta.(260 words)
Liber VII:
Aeneas e Cumano litore
ad occidentem provectus, tumulata in Auruncorum litore Caieta nutrice sua
praetergressus montem Circaeum, Circes habitatione et veneficiis infamem,
ad ostia Tyberis appellitur. Tunc Latinus illinc Aboriginibus imperabat.
Huic unica erat filia Lavinia, Fanni oracuis destinata externo marito,
Amatae tamen matris voluntate promissa Turno Rutulorum regi. Mittit
Aeneas oratores Laurentum, in urbem Latini regiam.
Book 7:
Aeneas, from the Cumaean shore carried forward toward the west, his nurse Caieta having been buried on the shore of the Aurunci, having passed by Mount Circeius, infamous for Circe’s habitation and her witchcrafts, puts in at the mouths of the Tiber. Then Latinus was ruling there over the Aborigines. To him there was a single daughter, Lavinia, destined by the oracles of Faunus for a foreign husband, yet by the will of her mother Amata promised to Turnus, king of the Rutulians. Aeneas sends envoys to Laurentum, to the royal city of Latinus.
Latinus admits Aeneas not only as an ally, but, mindful of the oracle, as a son-in-law. Meanwhile
Juno, offended at the prosperous affairs of the Trojans, calls forth Alecto from the underworld.
Alecto first so stirs up Amata, the wife of Latinus, that she, feigning the rites of Bacchus,
hides her daughter in the mountains. Then she drives Turnus with the same furies into
war; and she sets Trojans and Latins at odds with each other, a stag having been slain by Ascanius,
which had been a cherished pet of the daughter of Tyrrheus, the royal shepherd.. With all
howling for war, Latinus alone stood in the way; nevertheless, with Juno herself opening the gates of war,
he is compelled to commit the matter to the fates.
Liber VIII:
Turnus Venulum
ad Diomedem mittit, ut eum ad belli societatem alliciat. Aeneas,
Tyberini fluvii monitu, iter eodem consilio suscipit ad Evandrum, qui ex
Arcadia profugus in Palation monte consederat. Evander, sacris Herculis
tum intentus, Aeneam iisdem adhibet.
Book 8:
Turnus sends Venulus to Diomedes, to entice him into a war-alliance. Aeneas, by the monition of the river Tiber, undertakes a journey with the same design to Evander, who, an exile from Arcadia, had settled on the Palatine mount. Evander, then intent upon the rites of Hercules, admits Aeneas to the same.
He explains their origin, namely Hercules’s victory over Cacus, once the notorious robber of that region. Then he helps Aeneas with the support of 400 horsemen. Over these same he sets his son Pallas in command. He sends Aeneas to the Tyrrhenians—Mezentius having been expelled—who are asking for a king, with a sure hope of kingship and of assistance.
Aeneas, on the next day, with one part of his forces sent back to his own down the river with the current, with the other goes to the Tyrrhenians. Meanwhile Venus brings to her Aeneas the arms forged by Vulcan: above all the shield, on which Aeneas admires, engraved with wondrous art, the deeds to be conducted splendidly hereafter by Roman descendants. The principal place in that work is Augustus, whose distinguished victory over Antony and Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, and triple triumph the poet describes more resplendently. (words 133)
Liber IX:
Aenea conquirendis
auxiliis apud Arcadas ac Tuscos occupato, Turnus admonetur a Iunone per
Iridem, ut in castrensia novae Troiae munimenta impetum faciat. Troianis,
ex Aeneae praescripto non egredientibus ad pugnam, Turnus eorum naves,
oppidi lateri admotas, parat incendere; sed illae, cum ex Idaeae
sylvae materia fabricatae olim fuissent, Idaeae matris beneficio mutantur
marinas in Nymphas. Tum nocte imminente, circa oppidum excubiae disponuntur.
Interim Troiani, de revocando per nuntios Aenea soliciti, dum inter se
consultant, Nisus et Euryalus, par nobile amicorum, ultro suscipiunt hanc
provinciam.
Book 9:
With Aeneas occupied in procuring auxiliaries among the Arcadians and the Tuscans, Turnus is admonished by Juno through Iris to make an attack upon the camp-fortifications of the new Troy. As the Trojans, in accordance with Aeneas’s prescription, do not go forth to battle, Turnus prepares to set fire to their ships, brought up to the side of the town; but these, since they had once been fashioned from the timber of the Idaean forest, by the benefaction of the Idaean Mother are changed into marine Nymphs. Then, with night impending, watches are posted around the town. Meanwhile the Trojans, anxious about recalling Aeneas by messengers, while they consult among themselves, Nisus and Euryalus, a noble pair of friends, of their own accord undertake this commission.
Praised by Ascanius, and dismissed, they make by night a great slaughter of the Rutulians.
And, clad in their spoils, while they go on further, they are slain by Latian horsemen met on the way.
Their heads, fixed to spears and set up in the camp, are recognized from afar by the Trojans,
and they stir up vast mourning in the town, especially that of Euryalus’s mother.
Turnus renews the assault in the morning.
Ascanius pierces Numanus, mocking with excessive insolence, with an arrow sent from the walls.
Elated by this success, Pandarus and Bitias throw open the gates, and drive back the Rutulians coming up
with great slaughter. Turnus, having made an onrush, at length bursts in, but,
the gates having been closed, surrounded by the multitude of the enemy, he gradually withdraws into that
part of the town which the Tiber was washing, and, just as he was armed, leaping down into the river,
returns to his own by swimming. (words 182)
Liber X:
Iupiter advocato
Deorum concilio, frustra conatus Iunonem ac Venerem in concordiam adducere,
de Troianorum Rutulorumque rebus inter se dissidentes. Pronunciat
se neutrarum partium fore, sed fatis omnia permissurum. Rutuli ad
oppugnandum, Troiani ad defendendum urbem redeunt.
Book 10:
Jupiter, having convened the council of the gods, tried in vain to bring Juno and Venus into concord, they being at variance among themselves concerning the affairs of the Trojans and the Rutulians. He pronounces that he will be of neither party, but will permit all things to the Fates. The Rutulians return to assault, the Trojans to defend the city.
Aeneas, having tarried some days
in Etruria, with auxiliaries gathered from there, returns to his own, augmented by a fleet of 30
ships. He meets on the way the Nymphs, a little before transformed from his ships into that form.
Made more certain by them about the peril of his people; at first light, having advanced into the sight of the enemy,
he sets the army ashore.
The Rutulians meet them: and, a grave combat having been joined, Pallas is slain by Turnus; as Aeneas was avenging his death with great slaughter, and Ascanius, a sally having been made, joined his forces to his father’s. Juno snatches Turnus from present peril, by setting before him a false image of Aeneas; which, while he pursues it fleeing right up to the ship, the mooring-ropes having been broken by Juno, he is swept by the force of the storm to the shores nearest Ardea. Mezentius, succeeding in the fight in place of Turnus, and Lausus, the son of Mezentius, are killed by Aeneas. (148 words)
Liber XI:
Postera die victor
Aeneas de spoliis Mezentii trophaeum Marti eregit. Pallantis mortui
corpus magno apparatu ad Evandri urbem remittit, ubi summo patris luctu
excipitur. Latini oratores duodecim dierum inducias ab Aenea obtinent,
et interim uterque exercitus cadavera suorum supremis honoribus prosequitur.
Venulus, e Diomedis urbe redux, nullum inde spem esse auxilii, Latinis
refert.
Book 11:
On the next day the victor Aeneas set up to Mars a trophy from the spoils of Mezentius. The body of the dead Pallas he sends back with great pomp to Evander’s city, where it is received with the utmost grief of the father. The Latin envoys obtain from Aeneas a truce of 12 days, and meanwhile each army escorts the bodies of their men with the last honors. Venulus, returned from the city of Diomedes, reports to the Latins that there is from there no hope of aid.
King Latinus, destitute of that hope, a council convoked, judges that legates are to be sent to Aeneas concerning the conditions of peace.
Drances adds to this opinion of the king many invectives against Turnus, the author of the war; which
Turnus bitterly, yet spiritedly, refutes. Professing himself prepared to redeem the common peril by single
combat with Aeneas.
As they were wrangling thus,
it is announced that the Trojan army’s unencumbered horsemen, by level roads, are looming over Laurentum,
and that Aeneas with the remaining forces is hastening to the same place through regions impeded by mountains.
Turnus, having learned Aeneas’s plan, divides his own forces in two as well.
He sets cavalry under Camilla and Messapus against the Trojan horsemen. He himself, with
the rest, seizes the narrow passes of the mountains, so as to crush Aeneas by ambush. Diana,
foreseeing Camilla’s death, since she cannot prevent it, at least provides for vengeance,
sending down from heaven the Nymph Opis to slay her striker.
When the cavalry battle is joined, Camilla is killed by Arruns, Arruns by Opis.
Dismayed by Camilla’s killing, the Rutulians take to flight.
Liber XII:
Fractis gemina pugna
Latinis, Turnus cum Aenea singulari certamine dimicare statuit. Solemni
sacramento conditiones certaminis foedusque a Latino, Aenea, Turnoque sancitur.
Foedus a Iuturna, Turni sorore, Iunonis impulsu disturbatur. Primusque
Tolumnius, falso augurio victoriam suis pollicitus, Troianos invadit.
Aeneas sagitta vulneratus excedere cogitur e proelio, quo absente maximam
stragem Turnus edit.
Book 12:
With the Latins broken by twin battle, Turnus decided to fight with Aeneas in single combat. By a solemn oath the conditions of the contest and the treaty are sanctioned by Latinus, Aeneas, and Turnus. The treaty is disturbed by Juturna, Turnus’s sister, at Juno’s instigation. And first Tolumnius, having promised victory to his men by a false augury, attacks the Trojans. Aeneas, wounded by an arrow, is compelled to withdraw from the battle, and, in his absence, Turnus makes very great carnage.
Venus heals Aeneas’s wound with dittany herb.
He, his forces restored, having returned to the fight, calls Turnus by name.
But since Iuturna, after shaking out Metiscus, Turnus’s charioteer, was controlling his chariot and was turning it aside from an encounter with Aeneas, so that they could not come together at once.
Aeneas, with the army brought up to the city’s walls, hurls fire onto the ramparts.
Then Amata, thinking Turnus slain, takes her life with a noose.
Turnus, lest the city come into the enemies’ power, returns to single combat.
Aeneas and Turnus fight.